DAANCE CORE EXAMS MAIN SET QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Hematomas - ✔✔What is most frequently encountered during injection in posterior
aspect of maxilla in the 3rd molar region?
✔✔Esters - ✔✔Metabolized in bloodstream by pseudocholinesterase
✔✔Amides - ✔✔Metabolized in the liver
✔✔Cocaine & Procaine - ✔✔2 types of Esters
✔✔Lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, articaine - ✔✔5 types of Amides
✔✔Vasonconstrictors - ✔✔Dilate blood vessels
✔✔10-11 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Lidocaine for an average patient
✔✔7-8 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Mepivacaine for an adult patient
✔✔6 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Prilocaine for a patient
✔✔10 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Bupivacaine for a patient
✔✔7 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Articaine for a patient
✔✔Inadverent injection of Epinephrine - ✔✔This type of injection in a vessel can lead to
tachycardia, hypertension and sense of heart pounding in chest
✔✔20% O2 - ✔✔What percentage of O2 is in room air?
✔✔1 hour - ✔✔How long is the contact time for EMLA cream to be sufficient?
✔✔Capnography - ✔✔Level of CO2 expired in each breath- this is mandatory when an
ETT is being used
✔✔Fentanyl - ✔✔_________ is 100X more potent than morphine
✔✔1 minute - ✔✔Rapid onset of Remifentanil
✔✔50% - ✔✔Patients over 65 should have remifentanil dosage decreased by ______
,✔✔Anticholingeric drugs - ✔✔Counteract parasympathetic effects - ex: Atropine,
Robinul or Scopolamine
✔✔Benadryl - ✔✔What can be used as a local anesthetic for patients allergic to multiple
types of local?
✔✔Rocuronium - ✔✔Steroid based muscle relaxant that has an advantage of NOT
triggering malignant hypothermia
✔✔Succinylcholine - ✔✔What drug can trigger Malignant Hypothermia?
✔✔ETT - ✔✔Inserted orally or nasally- protects against aspiration, but requires Succs
or Rocuronium to be given first
✔✔Right then left - ✔✔If a tube is passed into the right mainstem bronchus - you can
hear the _____ side but nothing on the _____ side
✔✔Esosphagus - ✔✔If ETT is placed in the _______- gurgling sounds with distention of
abdomen is seen and heard
✔✔Methohexital (Brevital) - ✔✔Rapid administration of anesthetic doses of
__________ can result in hiccups, tachycardia and respiratory depression
✔✔Not highly bound to fat - ✔✔Why is Methohexital (Brevital) considered to be
ultrashort acting compared to Thiopental?
✔✔Naloxone (Narcan) - ✔✔Primarily used as a narcotic antagonist
✔✔Cardiac dysrhythmias - ✔✔Local anesthetics containing epinephrine should be used
cautiously in patients who have?
✔✔Veins - ✔✔Vessels leading to the heart
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔Vessels leading away from the heart
✔✔Nervous system - ✔✔Provides overall control of body function
✔✔CNS, PNS, ANS - ✔✔What are the 3 divisions of the Nervous system?
✔✔Cerebral cortex, core of the brain, cerebellum, brainstem - ✔✔4 parts of CNS:
✔✔CNS - ✔✔Overall control center of body and consists of the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Neurons - ✔✔Cells that conduct nerve impulses in the brain and different body parts
,✔✔PNS - ✔✔Portion of the nervous system consisting of nerves and ganglia (groups of
nerve cell bodies) outside the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Cranial and spinal nerves - ✔✔2 components of PNS:
✔✔12 - ✔✔How many cranial nerves are there?
✔✔Optic, olfactory & auditory - ✔✔What are the 3 different sensory nerves?
✔✔Optic nerve - ✔✔2nd cranial nerve
✔✔Olfactory nerve - ✔✔1st cranial nerve
✔✔Auditory nerve - ✔✔8th cranial nerve
✔✔Facial nerve - ✔✔7th cranial nerve
✔✔Trigeminal nerve - ✔✔5th cranial nerve
✔✔Ophthalmic, maxillary & mandibular - ✔✔What are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal
nerve?
✔✔ANS - ✔✔Regulates internal organs (viscera) and other involuntarily functions
✔✔sympathetic and parasympathetic - ✔✔What are the 2 subdivisions of ANS:
✔✔Sympathetic - ✔✔Fight or flight
✔✔Parasympathetic - ✔✔Couch potato / rest or digest
✔✔Sympathetic - ✔✔Adrenergic, Alpha vasoconstriction and Beta big organs
✔✔Stroke volume - ✔✔Amount of blood pumped by left ventricle in each beat (60 mL of
blood)
✔✔Cardiac output - ✔✔Total amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle in one minute
✔✔Stroke volume X heart rate - ✔✔Formula for cardiac output
✔✔Cardiac cycle - ✔✔One contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles followed by
a short pause (60-100 BPM)
, ✔✔Conduction system - ✔✔Hearts normal rate and rhythm- impulse passes through
fibers as a wave of depolarization and repolarization
✔✔Brown - ✔✔Color of helium:
✔✔Black - ✔✔Color of nitrogen:
✔✔Yellow - ✔✔Color of compressed air:
✔✔Gray - ✔✔Color of carbon dioxide:
✔✔Blue - ✔✔Color of nitrous oxide:
✔✔Green - ✔✔Color of oxygen:
✔✔atriventricular (AV) node - ✔✔Cells located between the atrium and ventricles-
transmits electrical impulses through Bundle of His
✔✔Sinoatrial (SA) node - ✔✔Pacemaker of the heart where cardiac rhythm originates-
located at junction between coronary sinus and right atrium
✔✔Oxygen analyzer & monitor - ✔✔Device placed on an inflow limb of an anesthetic
circuit to measure the exact amount of O2 in the mixture being delivered to the patient.
If level gets below 20%, alarm will go off and alert the anesthesia team
✔✔Vaporizer - ✔✔Facilitates the conversion of liquid anesthetic agents to gases
suitable for delivery.
✔✔Ventilator - ✔✔Device that breathes for the patient and is used with a closed system
✔✔Daily - ✔✔Flow meters, reservoir bag & delivery tubes should be check how often?
✔✔Scavenging system - ✔✔Reduces levels of noxious agents to acceptably low levels
by exhausting then outside operating room- should be checked daily
✔✔Supraglottic airway - ✔✔Placed above level of vocal cords- has 2 different types
✔✔Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) - ✔✔Plastic tube at each end in which a small air
inflated balloon sits tightly over top of the larynx- can be placed blindly but does NOT
protect airway from aspiration
✔✔Downward toward the uvula - ✔✔LMA's apex of mask has an open end that is
pointing _________ toward the ______
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Hematomas - ✔✔What is most frequently encountered during injection in posterior
aspect of maxilla in the 3rd molar region?
✔✔Esters - ✔✔Metabolized in bloodstream by pseudocholinesterase
✔✔Amides - ✔✔Metabolized in the liver
✔✔Cocaine & Procaine - ✔✔2 types of Esters
✔✔Lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, bupivacaine, articaine - ✔✔5 types of Amides
✔✔Vasonconstrictors - ✔✔Dilate blood vessels
✔✔10-11 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Lidocaine for an average patient
✔✔7-8 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Mepivacaine for an adult patient
✔✔6 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Prilocaine for a patient
✔✔10 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Bupivacaine for a patient
✔✔7 carpules - ✔✔Maximum amount of Articaine for a patient
✔✔Inadverent injection of Epinephrine - ✔✔This type of injection in a vessel can lead to
tachycardia, hypertension and sense of heart pounding in chest
✔✔20% O2 - ✔✔What percentage of O2 is in room air?
✔✔1 hour - ✔✔How long is the contact time for EMLA cream to be sufficient?
✔✔Capnography - ✔✔Level of CO2 expired in each breath- this is mandatory when an
ETT is being used
✔✔Fentanyl - ✔✔_________ is 100X more potent than morphine
✔✔1 minute - ✔✔Rapid onset of Remifentanil
✔✔50% - ✔✔Patients over 65 should have remifentanil dosage decreased by ______
,✔✔Anticholingeric drugs - ✔✔Counteract parasympathetic effects - ex: Atropine,
Robinul or Scopolamine
✔✔Benadryl - ✔✔What can be used as a local anesthetic for patients allergic to multiple
types of local?
✔✔Rocuronium - ✔✔Steroid based muscle relaxant that has an advantage of NOT
triggering malignant hypothermia
✔✔Succinylcholine - ✔✔What drug can trigger Malignant Hypothermia?
✔✔ETT - ✔✔Inserted orally or nasally- protects against aspiration, but requires Succs
or Rocuronium to be given first
✔✔Right then left - ✔✔If a tube is passed into the right mainstem bronchus - you can
hear the _____ side but nothing on the _____ side
✔✔Esosphagus - ✔✔If ETT is placed in the _______- gurgling sounds with distention of
abdomen is seen and heard
✔✔Methohexital (Brevital) - ✔✔Rapid administration of anesthetic doses of
__________ can result in hiccups, tachycardia and respiratory depression
✔✔Not highly bound to fat - ✔✔Why is Methohexital (Brevital) considered to be
ultrashort acting compared to Thiopental?
✔✔Naloxone (Narcan) - ✔✔Primarily used as a narcotic antagonist
✔✔Cardiac dysrhythmias - ✔✔Local anesthetics containing epinephrine should be used
cautiously in patients who have?
✔✔Veins - ✔✔Vessels leading to the heart
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔Vessels leading away from the heart
✔✔Nervous system - ✔✔Provides overall control of body function
✔✔CNS, PNS, ANS - ✔✔What are the 3 divisions of the Nervous system?
✔✔Cerebral cortex, core of the brain, cerebellum, brainstem - ✔✔4 parts of CNS:
✔✔CNS - ✔✔Overall control center of body and consists of the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Neurons - ✔✔Cells that conduct nerve impulses in the brain and different body parts
,✔✔PNS - ✔✔Portion of the nervous system consisting of nerves and ganglia (groups of
nerve cell bodies) outside the brain and spinal cord
✔✔Cranial and spinal nerves - ✔✔2 components of PNS:
✔✔12 - ✔✔How many cranial nerves are there?
✔✔Optic, olfactory & auditory - ✔✔What are the 3 different sensory nerves?
✔✔Optic nerve - ✔✔2nd cranial nerve
✔✔Olfactory nerve - ✔✔1st cranial nerve
✔✔Auditory nerve - ✔✔8th cranial nerve
✔✔Facial nerve - ✔✔7th cranial nerve
✔✔Trigeminal nerve - ✔✔5th cranial nerve
✔✔Ophthalmic, maxillary & mandibular - ✔✔What are the 3 divisions of the trigeminal
nerve?
✔✔ANS - ✔✔Regulates internal organs (viscera) and other involuntarily functions
✔✔sympathetic and parasympathetic - ✔✔What are the 2 subdivisions of ANS:
✔✔Sympathetic - ✔✔Fight or flight
✔✔Parasympathetic - ✔✔Couch potato / rest or digest
✔✔Sympathetic - ✔✔Adrenergic, Alpha vasoconstriction and Beta big organs
✔✔Stroke volume - ✔✔Amount of blood pumped by left ventricle in each beat (60 mL of
blood)
✔✔Cardiac output - ✔✔Total amount of blood pumped out of left ventricle in one minute
✔✔Stroke volume X heart rate - ✔✔Formula for cardiac output
✔✔Cardiac cycle - ✔✔One contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles followed by
a short pause (60-100 BPM)
, ✔✔Conduction system - ✔✔Hearts normal rate and rhythm- impulse passes through
fibers as a wave of depolarization and repolarization
✔✔Brown - ✔✔Color of helium:
✔✔Black - ✔✔Color of nitrogen:
✔✔Yellow - ✔✔Color of compressed air:
✔✔Gray - ✔✔Color of carbon dioxide:
✔✔Blue - ✔✔Color of nitrous oxide:
✔✔Green - ✔✔Color of oxygen:
✔✔atriventricular (AV) node - ✔✔Cells located between the atrium and ventricles-
transmits electrical impulses through Bundle of His
✔✔Sinoatrial (SA) node - ✔✔Pacemaker of the heart where cardiac rhythm originates-
located at junction between coronary sinus and right atrium
✔✔Oxygen analyzer & monitor - ✔✔Device placed on an inflow limb of an anesthetic
circuit to measure the exact amount of O2 in the mixture being delivered to the patient.
If level gets below 20%, alarm will go off and alert the anesthesia team
✔✔Vaporizer - ✔✔Facilitates the conversion of liquid anesthetic agents to gases
suitable for delivery.
✔✔Ventilator - ✔✔Device that breathes for the patient and is used with a closed system
✔✔Daily - ✔✔Flow meters, reservoir bag & delivery tubes should be check how often?
✔✔Scavenging system - ✔✔Reduces levels of noxious agents to acceptably low levels
by exhausting then outside operating room- should be checked daily
✔✔Supraglottic airway - ✔✔Placed above level of vocal cords- has 2 different types
✔✔Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) - ✔✔Plastic tube at each end in which a small air
inflated balloon sits tightly over top of the larynx- can be placed blindly but does NOT
protect airway from aspiration
✔✔Downward toward the uvula - ✔✔LMA's apex of mask has an open end that is
pointing _________ toward the ______
