COMMUNITY HEALTH EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is a population? (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Larger group or aggregate
2. Members may or may not interact with one another
3. Shares at least one similar characteristic/issue
4. Can focus on a specific age group, gender, or health issue
5. *People who form a population may not recognize themselves as part of this population.* ex: people
with type 2 diabetes admitted into the hospital
What is a community? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅group of individuals living within the same geographical
area, or a group of individuals who share a common denominator.
in contrast to a population, *individuals within the community recognize their membership based on
social interaction*
The determinants of health are factors that influence the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅health of individuals,
families, and populations
3 core functions of public health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. assessment
2. policy development
3. assurance
Core function: Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Systematic data collection, analysis, and monitoring
of health problems and needs in a population
Includes *monitoring the population's health status* and providing/ disseminating information about
the health of the community
ex: participate in & provide leadership for:
-Assessing community needs, health status of populations within the community, and environmental
and behavioral risks
-look at trends in the health determinants
,-identify priority health needs
-determine adequacy of resources within the community
-engage in policy development efforts
Core function: policy development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Using scientific knowledge to develop
comprehensive public health policies. *Developing policies that support the health of the population*
through leadership and research
-Seeks to build constituencies that can help bring about change in public policy
ex:
1. Development of Healthy People 2020 state objectives
2. National effort to control acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
3. Anti-smoking ordinances
Core function: assurance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-Assuring constituents that public health agencies
provide the services necessary to achieve agreed-upon goals
-*Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available*
-Includes providing essential personal health services for individuals as well as a competent PH
workforce
ex:
1. Focuses on the responsibility of public health agencies to make certain that activities have been
appropriately carried out to meet public health goals and plans
2. Includes the development of partnerships between public and private agencies
Purpose of the 10 essential public health services - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅describes *what the the
public health system does to protect & promote the health of the public*. interventions are the means
through which public health practitioners implement the 10 essential services
,10 essential PH services - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ASSESSMENT:
1. *Monitor* health status to identify community health problems.
2. *Diagnose and investigate* health problems and health hazards in the community.
3. *Inform, educate, and empower* people about health issues.
4. *Mobilize* community partnerships and action to identify and solve health problems.
5. *Develop policies and plans* that support individual and community health efforts.
ASSURANCE:
6. *Enforce laws and regulations* that protect health and ensure safety.
7. *Link* people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when
otherwise unavailable.
8. *Assure* competent public and personal health care workforce.
9. *Evaluate* effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services.
SERVING ALL FUNCTIONS:
10. *Research* for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
Emerging framework: Social-Ecological model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅*uses an upstream approach*
1. There are multiple determinants of health
2. Population and environmental approach are critical
3. Links and relationships between levels are crucial
4. Multiple strategies by many sectors are needed to achieve desired outcomes
5. Includes physical & social environmental factors
Upstream determinants of health include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Social relations, neighborhoods and
communities, institutions, and social and economic policies
, Emerging framework: The conventional model uses a ________ approach - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅downstream
downstream approach focuses on *biological and behavioral bases* for disease
Healthy people provides science-based, 10 yr national objectives for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅improving
the health of Americans
For 3 decades, Healthy People has established benchmarks and monitored progress over time in order
to: (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Encourage collaborations across sectors.
2. Guide individuals toward making informed health decisions.
3. Measure the impact of prevention activities.
Healthy people 2020 vision - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A society in which all people live long, healthy lives.
Healthy people 2020 mission (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Identify nationwide health improvement
priorities.
2. Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability
and the opportunities for progress.
3. Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, State, and local levels.
4. Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven
by the best available evidence and knowledge.
5. Identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs.
Healthy people 2020 4 goals overall - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of
preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
What is a population? (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Larger group or aggregate
2. Members may or may not interact with one another
3. Shares at least one similar characteristic/issue
4. Can focus on a specific age group, gender, or health issue
5. *People who form a population may not recognize themselves as part of this population.* ex: people
with type 2 diabetes admitted into the hospital
What is a community? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅group of individuals living within the same geographical
area, or a group of individuals who share a common denominator.
in contrast to a population, *individuals within the community recognize their membership based on
social interaction*
The determinants of health are factors that influence the: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅health of individuals,
families, and populations
3 core functions of public health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. assessment
2. policy development
3. assurance
Core function: Assessment - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Systematic data collection, analysis, and monitoring
of health problems and needs in a population
Includes *monitoring the population's health status* and providing/ disseminating information about
the health of the community
ex: participate in & provide leadership for:
-Assessing community needs, health status of populations within the community, and environmental
and behavioral risks
-look at trends in the health determinants
,-identify priority health needs
-determine adequacy of resources within the community
-engage in policy development efforts
Core function: policy development - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Using scientific knowledge to develop
comprehensive public health policies. *Developing policies that support the health of the population*
through leadership and research
-Seeks to build constituencies that can help bring about change in public policy
ex:
1. Development of Healthy People 2020 state objectives
2. National effort to control acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
3. Anti-smoking ordinances
Core function: assurance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-Assuring constituents that public health agencies
provide the services necessary to achieve agreed-upon goals
-*Making sure that essential community-oriented health services are available*
-Includes providing essential personal health services for individuals as well as a competent PH
workforce
ex:
1. Focuses on the responsibility of public health agencies to make certain that activities have been
appropriately carried out to meet public health goals and plans
2. Includes the development of partnerships between public and private agencies
Purpose of the 10 essential public health services - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅describes *what the the
public health system does to protect & promote the health of the public*. interventions are the means
through which public health practitioners implement the 10 essential services
,10 essential PH services - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅ASSESSMENT:
1. *Monitor* health status to identify community health problems.
2. *Diagnose and investigate* health problems and health hazards in the community.
3. *Inform, educate, and empower* people about health issues.
4. *Mobilize* community partnerships and action to identify and solve health problems.
5. *Develop policies and plans* that support individual and community health efforts.
ASSURANCE:
6. *Enforce laws and regulations* that protect health and ensure safety.
7. *Link* people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when
otherwise unavailable.
8. *Assure* competent public and personal health care workforce.
9. *Evaluate* effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services.
SERVING ALL FUNCTIONS:
10. *Research* for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems.
Emerging framework: Social-Ecological model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅*uses an upstream approach*
1. There are multiple determinants of health
2. Population and environmental approach are critical
3. Links and relationships between levels are crucial
4. Multiple strategies by many sectors are needed to achieve desired outcomes
5. Includes physical & social environmental factors
Upstream determinants of health include: - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Social relations, neighborhoods and
communities, institutions, and social and economic policies
, Emerging framework: The conventional model uses a ________ approach - CORRECT
ANSWER✅✅downstream
downstream approach focuses on *biological and behavioral bases* for disease
Healthy people provides science-based, 10 yr national objectives for - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅improving
the health of Americans
For 3 decades, Healthy People has established benchmarks and monitored progress over time in order
to: (3) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Encourage collaborations across sectors.
2. Guide individuals toward making informed health decisions.
3. Measure the impact of prevention activities.
Healthy people 2020 vision - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A society in which all people live long, healthy lives.
Healthy people 2020 mission (5) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Identify nationwide health improvement
priorities.
2. Increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health, disease, and disability
and the opportunities for progress.
3. Provide measurable objectives and goals that are applicable at the national, State, and local levels.
4. Engage multiple sectors to take actions to strengthen policies and improve practices that are driven
by the best available evidence and knowledge.
5. Identify critical research, evaluation, and data collection needs.
Healthy people 2020 4 goals overall - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of
preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
