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Neonates born to mothers with uncontrolled asthma are at increased risk for
A. low birth weight
B. acidosis
C. apnea
-ANSWERS-A-Neonates born to women with asthma that is not under control are at
increased risk for prematurity and low birth weight. If asthma is controlled, neonatal
outcomes are similar to those neonates born to mothers WITHOU asthma.
Pregnancy outcomes of women with renal disease most relates to
a. etiology of renal disease
b. degree of renal insufficiency
c. length of time since onset of the disease -ANSWERS-B-regardless of etiology of the
renal disease in pregnancy, the two factors that most influence pregnancy outcomes is
the degree of renal insufficiency and the presence of hypertension.
Untreated maternal thyrotoxicosis can lead to
a. congenital anomalies
b. neonatal hypothyroidism
c. preterm delivery -ANSWERS-C-If a woman with hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis is
not treated during pregnancy, there is a high incidence of preterm delivery, low birth
weight and still births. Congenital anomalies are not common. Hypothyroidism may
result in the neonate due to the thyroid medications not the maternal disease.
, Unregulated glucose control in a woman with diabetes early in pregnancy can
predispose the fetus to
A. chromosomal damage
B. teratogenic effects
C. embryonic growth delays
-ANSWERS-B-Preconception counseling and early prenatal care are essential for
women with diabetes when contemplating childbirth. Uncontrolled glucose levels early
in pregnancy can lead to organogenesis and the development of congenital anomalies.
Infants with fetal alchohol syndrome demonstrate tremors, irritability and hypertonus
due to
a. withdrawal from alcohol
b. central nervous system injury
c. interferance with protein synthesis
-ANSWERS-A-Infants born with fetal alcohol syndrome usually presents with tremors,
irritability, and hypertonus. These symptoms are primarily due to alcohol withdrawal.
Common manifestations of neonates who were exposed to cocaine in utero include
a. apnea and lethargy
b. touch aversion and overstimulation
c. neonatal abstinence syndrome
-ANSWERS-B-Exposure to cocaine in utero leaves infants with a wide variety of
problems. Teratogenicity has had some association with cocaine exposure but its direct
link has not not been confirmed. Neonates are hypertonic, irritable and easily
overstimulated by sensory input or direct contact. To avoid any stimulation, the neonate
may totally shut down going into a deep sleep or alternatively the infant may cry
incessantly. There is no specific pattern of withdrawal as there is with neonatal
abstinence syndrome and heroin exposure.