KPEERI 2026 STUDY EXAM GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔_________________ assessment can be given as part of an Informal Reading
Inventory or combined with a comprehension assessment. - ✔✔Oral reading accuracy.
✔✔Assessments should be given: - ✔✔Several times during the school year.
✔✔The best informal assessment measures students' __________________: -
✔✔There is not one best informal assessment.
✔✔Assessments can serve to ________________: - ✔✔"Test" the teacher's teaching
skill, "monitor" students' progress, and "guide" classroom instruction.
✔✔Which assessment asks students to "point to a word"? - ✔✔Concepts of print.
✔✔Informal assessment can be part of an instructional plan that includes: -
✔✔Delivering instruction, administering standardized evaluation, and revising lesson
plans.
✔✔Explicit Instruction - ✔✔Structured literacy instruction requires the deliberate
teaching of all concepts with continuous student-teacher interaction.
✔✔Diagnostic Teaching - ✔✔The teacher must be adept at individualized instruction.
That is instruction that meets a student's needs. The instruction is based on careful and
continuous assessment, both informally and formally.
✔✔Chall's Stage 0: Pre-Reading - ✔✔-6 months to 6 years
-Oral language is important throughout this stage.
-Children begin to recognize letters.
-Children learn there is language in books.
✔✔Chall's Stage 1: Initial Reading - ✔✔-Grade 1 & beginning grade 2
-Students learn how sounds in spoken words relate to print.
-Students learn to read high-frequency, irregular words.
-Listening comprehension is more efficient than reading comprehension.
✔✔Chall's Stage 2: Confirmation and Fluency - ✔✔-Grades 2 & 3
-Students consolidate knowledge of letters and sounds.
-Students read with fluency (speed and expression).
-Students read for pleasure.
✔✔Chall's Stage 3: Reading for New Learning - ✔✔-Grades 4 to 8
-The tables turn.
, -Students are no longer learning to read; they are reading to learn.
✔✔Chall's Stage 4: Reading from Multiple Viewpoints - ✔✔-Grades 9 to 12
-Comprehension continues to deepen.
✔✔Chall's Stage 5: Construction and Reconstruction - ✔✔-College and beyond
-Construct (build) knowledge from reading
-Reconstruct new knowledge
-Unfortunately many students never reach it to this stage.
✔✔Scarborough's Reading Rope - ✔✔-Language Comprehension
-Word recognition
-Skilled reading
Becoming a skilled reader is woven over time with explicit instruction and a lot of
practice.
✔✔Simple View of Reading - ✔✔Decoding x Language comprehension = Reading
comprehension
An inefficiency in either component will result in reading failure.
✔✔Phonemic Awareness - ✔✔Sensitivity to individual sounds in words.
cat = 3 sounds /k/ /a/ /t/
✔✔Phonemes - ✔✔The smallest unit of spoken language that makes a difference in the
meaning of a word.
/k/ to /b/ = bat
✔✔Letter - ✔✔Symbol that represents a sound.
# of letters # of graphemes
cat /k/ /a/ /t/ 3 3 c-a-t
chat /ch/ /a/ /t/ 4 3 ch-a-t
✔✔Grapheme - ✔✔A specific letter or group of letters that represents a specific sound.
# of letters # of graphemes
cat /k/ /a/ /t/ 3 3 c-a-t
chat /ch/ /a/ /t/ 4 3 ch-a-t
✔✔Phonology - ✔✔System of rules and patterns that determine how sounds are used
in spoken language.
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔_________________ assessment can be given as part of an Informal Reading
Inventory or combined with a comprehension assessment. - ✔✔Oral reading accuracy.
✔✔Assessments should be given: - ✔✔Several times during the school year.
✔✔The best informal assessment measures students' __________________: -
✔✔There is not one best informal assessment.
✔✔Assessments can serve to ________________: - ✔✔"Test" the teacher's teaching
skill, "monitor" students' progress, and "guide" classroom instruction.
✔✔Which assessment asks students to "point to a word"? - ✔✔Concepts of print.
✔✔Informal assessment can be part of an instructional plan that includes: -
✔✔Delivering instruction, administering standardized evaluation, and revising lesson
plans.
✔✔Explicit Instruction - ✔✔Structured literacy instruction requires the deliberate
teaching of all concepts with continuous student-teacher interaction.
✔✔Diagnostic Teaching - ✔✔The teacher must be adept at individualized instruction.
That is instruction that meets a student's needs. The instruction is based on careful and
continuous assessment, both informally and formally.
✔✔Chall's Stage 0: Pre-Reading - ✔✔-6 months to 6 years
-Oral language is important throughout this stage.
-Children begin to recognize letters.
-Children learn there is language in books.
✔✔Chall's Stage 1: Initial Reading - ✔✔-Grade 1 & beginning grade 2
-Students learn how sounds in spoken words relate to print.
-Students learn to read high-frequency, irregular words.
-Listening comprehension is more efficient than reading comprehension.
✔✔Chall's Stage 2: Confirmation and Fluency - ✔✔-Grades 2 & 3
-Students consolidate knowledge of letters and sounds.
-Students read with fluency (speed and expression).
-Students read for pleasure.
✔✔Chall's Stage 3: Reading for New Learning - ✔✔-Grades 4 to 8
-The tables turn.
, -Students are no longer learning to read; they are reading to learn.
✔✔Chall's Stage 4: Reading from Multiple Viewpoints - ✔✔-Grades 9 to 12
-Comprehension continues to deepen.
✔✔Chall's Stage 5: Construction and Reconstruction - ✔✔-College and beyond
-Construct (build) knowledge from reading
-Reconstruct new knowledge
-Unfortunately many students never reach it to this stage.
✔✔Scarborough's Reading Rope - ✔✔-Language Comprehension
-Word recognition
-Skilled reading
Becoming a skilled reader is woven over time with explicit instruction and a lot of
practice.
✔✔Simple View of Reading - ✔✔Decoding x Language comprehension = Reading
comprehension
An inefficiency in either component will result in reading failure.
✔✔Phonemic Awareness - ✔✔Sensitivity to individual sounds in words.
cat = 3 sounds /k/ /a/ /t/
✔✔Phonemes - ✔✔The smallest unit of spoken language that makes a difference in the
meaning of a word.
/k/ to /b/ = bat
✔✔Letter - ✔✔Symbol that represents a sound.
# of letters # of graphemes
cat /k/ /a/ /t/ 3 3 c-a-t
chat /ch/ /a/ /t/ 4 3 ch-a-t
✔✔Grapheme - ✔✔A specific letter or group of letters that represents a specific sound.
# of letters # of graphemes
cat /k/ /a/ /t/ 3 3 c-a-t
chat /ch/ /a/ /t/ 4 3 ch-a-t
✔✔Phonology - ✔✔System of rules and patterns that determine how sounds are used
in spoken language.
