FP-C TEST REVIEW COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Most important indicator that a patient has a severe illness?.
Answer: Tachypnea
◍ 3 respiratory types, and their criteria.
Answer: Hypoxemic (PaO2 <50-60)Hypercapnic (PaCO2 >50, pH
<7.36)Mixed
◍ Delta gap (formula, when and why it's used).
Answer: Difference in AG from normal - Difference in HCO3 from
normalIn AG metabolic acidosis it's used. It tells you if there's underlying
metabolic alkalosis or respiratory acidosis with bicarb compensation IN
ADDITION to the AG metabolic acidosis. Both of those would result in a
high bicarb to begin with, and a smaller change in bicarb from normal.
◍ True or False: A lung capacity is two or more volumes combined.
Answer: True
◍ If _______ is decreased you will always expect obstructiona. TLCb.
FEV1/FVCc. RVd. FEV1/FEV3.
Answer: b. FEV1/FVC
◍ True or False: A patient that just had abdominal surgery could have a
decrease in vital capacity.
Answer: True
◍ Which of the following Pulmonary Function Tests, will measure / calculate
RV?
I. DL CO I
, I. Body Plethysmography II
I. Spirometry I
V. Open Circuit Nitrogen Washout
V. Close Circuit He Dilutiona. II, IV, and Vb. II onlyc. II, III, IV, and Vd. I,
II, IV, and Ve. III only.
Answer: a. II, IV, and V
◍ What percent is your IC of your TLCa. 30%b. 50%c. 80%d. 20%.
Answer: b. 50%
◍ Winter's formula (equation, what it measures).
Answer: 1.5[HCO3] + 8 +/- 2If compensation is adequate in acid/base issues
◍ Which obstructive disease process will show both a low flow rate and low
DLCO?AsthmaChronic BronchitisCystic
FibrosisPneumoniaEmphysemaNon-Cystic Fibrosis Bronciectasis.
Answer: Emphysema
◍ The volume of gas exhaled over a given time interval from the beginning of
an FVC is:a. VCETb. FEVtc. FETd. FEVt%.
Answer: b. FEVt
◍ True or False: The flow-volume loop for a severe asthmatic may show a
scoop in the FEF 25-75% section..
Answer: True
◍ The FEF25%-75% reflects the status of the ______________ airways?a.
small to mediumb. medium to largec. conducting.
Answer: a. small to medium
◍ How AG changes with albumin changes.
Answer: Decreases 2.5-3 for every 1 decrease in albumin
◍ Which of the following expiratory maneuver findings are characteristic of
restrictive disease? 1. normal FVC 2. decreased VC 3. increased PEFR 4.
normal FEV1%a. 1, 2, 3, and 4b. 3 & 4c. 1 & 3d. 2 & 3e. 2 & 4.
Answer: e. 2 & 4
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Most important indicator that a patient has a severe illness?.
Answer: Tachypnea
◍ 3 respiratory types, and their criteria.
Answer: Hypoxemic (PaO2 <50-60)Hypercapnic (PaCO2 >50, pH
<7.36)Mixed
◍ Delta gap (formula, when and why it's used).
Answer: Difference in AG from normal - Difference in HCO3 from
normalIn AG metabolic acidosis it's used. It tells you if there's underlying
metabolic alkalosis or respiratory acidosis with bicarb compensation IN
ADDITION to the AG metabolic acidosis. Both of those would result in a
high bicarb to begin with, and a smaller change in bicarb from normal.
◍ True or False: A lung capacity is two or more volumes combined.
Answer: True
◍ If _______ is decreased you will always expect obstructiona. TLCb.
FEV1/FVCc. RVd. FEV1/FEV3.
Answer: b. FEV1/FVC
◍ True or False: A patient that just had abdominal surgery could have a
decrease in vital capacity.
Answer: True
◍ Which of the following Pulmonary Function Tests, will measure / calculate
RV?
I. DL CO I
, I. Body Plethysmography II
I. Spirometry I
V. Open Circuit Nitrogen Washout
V. Close Circuit He Dilutiona. II, IV, and Vb. II onlyc. II, III, IV, and Vd. I,
II, IV, and Ve. III only.
Answer: a. II, IV, and V
◍ What percent is your IC of your TLCa. 30%b. 50%c. 80%d. 20%.
Answer: b. 50%
◍ Winter's formula (equation, what it measures).
Answer: 1.5[HCO3] + 8 +/- 2If compensation is adequate in acid/base issues
◍ Which obstructive disease process will show both a low flow rate and low
DLCO?AsthmaChronic BronchitisCystic
FibrosisPneumoniaEmphysemaNon-Cystic Fibrosis Bronciectasis.
Answer: Emphysema
◍ The volume of gas exhaled over a given time interval from the beginning of
an FVC is:a. VCETb. FEVtc. FETd. FEVt%.
Answer: b. FEVt
◍ True or False: The flow-volume loop for a severe asthmatic may show a
scoop in the FEF 25-75% section..
Answer: True
◍ The FEF25%-75% reflects the status of the ______________ airways?a.
small to mediumb. medium to largec. conducting.
Answer: a. small to medium
◍ How AG changes with albumin changes.
Answer: Decreases 2.5-3 for every 1 decrease in albumin
◍ Which of the following expiratory maneuver findings are characteristic of
restrictive disease? 1. normal FVC 2. decreased VC 3. increased PEFR 4.
normal FEV1%a. 1, 2, 3, and 4b. 3 & 4c. 1 & 3d. 2 & 3e. 2 & 4.
Answer: e. 2 & 4
