BIOD 331 / NURS 231 Pathophysiology Module 8
Exam: Renal & Fluid/Electrolytes 2026/2027
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except: - answer-The
RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
(false b/c the RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits.)
Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH? - answer-Elevated levels of ADH will
lead to dilute urine.
(false b/c DECREASED levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine)
Cortical nephrons are characterized by the following except: - answer-they originate deep in the
cortex (false b/c they originate superficially in the cortex)
Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of which of the
following fluid imbalances? - answer-edema
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except: - answer-Na+ and
water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
(The loop of Henle reabsorbed more Na+ and Cl- than water)
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base disorders? (mark all that apply) - answer-
Metabolic disorders are a result of a change in plasma HCO3- levels
Respiratory disorders are a result of a change in plasma CO2 levels
Normal blood pH = 7.35-7.45
1
, Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except: - answer-
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
(the prognosis is good when underlying cause is treated)
Which of the following is characteristic of chronic transplant rejection? - answer-it involves
humoral immunity
Which of the following is true of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol? - answer-It is the active form of
vitamin D, converted in the liver
A patient is said to be in stage 3a kidney disease. What would you expect their GFR to be? -
answer-70 mL/min/1.73m2
Which of the following is true regarding tubular secretion? - answer-H+ is secreted in the
intercalated cells
A decrease in Na+ reabsorption is achieved through the action of which of the following? -
answer-diuretics
In the nephron, the mass of capillaries surrounded by an epithelial capsule that opens into a
tubule is collectively referred to as the _______. - answer-renal corpuscle
(glomerulus also accepted as correct)
The formation of erythropoietin is preceded by low levels of _______. - answer-oxygen
The __________ has the largest impact on pH control. - answer-renal control mechanism
2
Exam: Renal & Fluid/Electrolytes 2026/2027
Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except: - answer-The
RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits.
(false b/c the RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits.)
Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH? - answer-Elevated levels of ADH will
lead to dilute urine.
(false b/c DECREASED levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine)
Cortical nephrons are characterized by the following except: - answer-they originate deep in the
cortex (false b/c they originate superficially in the cortex)
Excess accumulation of fluid within the interstitial compartment is characteristic of which of the
following fluid imbalances? - answer-edema
Reabsorption in the loop of Henle is characterized by the following except: - answer-Na+ and
water are reabsorbed in equal proportions
(The loop of Henle reabsorbed more Na+ and Cl- than water)
Which of the following is/are true regarding acid-base disorders? (mark all that apply) - answer-
Metabolic disorders are a result of a change in plasma HCO3- levels
Respiratory disorders are a result of a change in plasma CO2 levels
Normal blood pH = 7.35-7.45
1
, Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is characterized by the following except: - answer-
Associated with a poor prognosis as it often leads to CKD
(the prognosis is good when underlying cause is treated)
Which of the following is characteristic of chronic transplant rejection? - answer-it involves
humoral immunity
Which of the following is true of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol? - answer-It is the active form of
vitamin D, converted in the liver
A patient is said to be in stage 3a kidney disease. What would you expect their GFR to be? -
answer-70 mL/min/1.73m2
Which of the following is true regarding tubular secretion? - answer-H+ is secreted in the
intercalated cells
A decrease in Na+ reabsorption is achieved through the action of which of the following? -
answer-diuretics
In the nephron, the mass of capillaries surrounded by an epithelial capsule that opens into a
tubule is collectively referred to as the _______. - answer-renal corpuscle
(glomerulus also accepted as correct)
The formation of erythropoietin is preceded by low levels of _______. - answer-oxygen
The __________ has the largest impact on pH control. - answer-renal control mechanism
2
