HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6hupf4
1. The nurse observes that a male client has removed the covering from an ice
park applied to his knee. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice was applied to the skin.: Observe the appearance of
the skin under the ice pack (The first action taken by the nurse should be to assess the skin for any possible thermal
injury. If no injury to the skin has occurred, the nurse can take the other actions.)
2. The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 mL of D5W and plans to administer
the solution at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client weighting 182 lbs. Using
a drip factor of 60 gtt/mL, how many drops per minute should the client
receive?: 124 gtt/min
3. The healthcare provider prescribes an IV infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's
Lactate w/ 30 units of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours for a client who has just
delivered a 10 pound infant by cesarean section. The tubing has been changed
to a 20 gtt/ml administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow rate at how
many gtt/min?: 83 gtt/min
4. Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper
placement of a nasogastric tube?: Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted
5. Three days following a surgery, a male client observes his colostomy for the
first time. He becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that it is much bigger
than he expected. What is the best response by the nurse?
A. Reassure the client that he will become accustomed to the stoma appear-
ance in time.
B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become much smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the local ostomy support group to help him
with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle the stoma equipment to gain confidence
with the procedure.: B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial swelling
diminishes (Postoperative swelling causes enlargement of the stoma. The nurse can teach the client that the stoma
will become smaller when swelling is diminished (B). This will help reduce the client's anxiety and promote acceptance
, HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6hupf4
of the colostomy. (A) does not provide helpful teaching or support. (C) is a useful action, and may be taken after the
nurse provides pertinent teaching. The client is not yet demonstrating readiness to learn colostomy care. (D)
6. A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that
she is nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through
the nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take
first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.: B. Reposition the
client on her side. (The immediate priority is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly, which would then relieve
the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention (B) should be attempted first, followed by (A and C), unless either
of these interventions is contraindicated. If these measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an antiemetic
(D))
7. A hospitalized male client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings via a
small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. He reports that he had a bad
bout of severe coughing a few minutes ago, but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the family why it is being stopped, and notify
the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn
from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube while auscultating the epigastrium for
gurgling.: C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube.
8. A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year
it is. What data should the nurse document that is most accurate?
A. demonstrates loss of remote memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time: D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is exhibiting
, HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
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disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory of the distant past. The client is able to express himself without difficulty (B),
and does not demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
9. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What action should the nurse take?
A. Commend the client for selecting a high biologic value protein.
B. Remind the client that protein in the diet should be avoided.
C. Suggest that the client also select orange juice, to promote absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend classes on dietary management of CKD.: A.
Commend the client for selecting a high biologic value protein. (Foods such as eggs and milk (A) are high biologic
proteins which are allowed because they are complete proteins and supply the essential amino acids that are
necessary for growth and cell repair. Orange juice is rich in potassium and should not be encouraged. The client
has made a good diet choice so (D) is not necessary.)
10. When assisting an 82 year old client to ambulate, it is important for the
nurse to realize that the center of gravity for an elderly person is the--: Upper
torso (The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as the person grows older, a stooped posture is common
because of the changes from osteoporosis and normal bone degeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows flex. This
stooped posture results in the upper torso becoming the center of gravity for older persons.)
11. In developing a plan of care for a client with dementia, the nurse should
remember that confusion in the elderly
A. is to be expected, and progresses with age
B. often follows relocation to new surroundings
C. is a result of irreversible brain pathology
D. can be prevented with adequate sleep: B. often follows relocation to new surroundings
(Relocation (B) often results in confusion among elderly clients-- moving is stressful for anyone. (A) is stereotypical
judgement. Stress in the elderly often manifests itself as confusion, so (C) is wrong. Adequate sleep is not a prevention
(D) for confusion.)
12. A postoperative client will need to perform daily dressing changes after dis-
charge. Which outcome statement best demonstrates the client's readiness
to manage his wound care after discharge? The client
A. asks relevant questions regarding the dressing change
B. states he will be able to complete the wound care regimen
C. demonstrates the wound care procedure correctly
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6hupf4
1. The nurse observes that a male client has removed the covering from an ice
park applied to his knee. What action should the nurse take first?
A. Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice was applied to the skin.: Observe the appearance of
the skin under the ice pack (The first action taken by the nurse should be to assess the skin for any possible thermal
injury. If no injury to the skin has occurred, the nurse can take the other actions.)
2. The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride in 250 mL of D5W and plans to administer
the solution at a rate of 5 mcg/kg/min to a client weighting 182 lbs. Using
a drip factor of 60 gtt/mL, how many drops per minute should the client
receive?: 124 gtt/min
3. The healthcare provider prescribes an IV infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's
Lactate w/ 30 units of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours for a client who has just
delivered a 10 pound infant by cesarean section. The tubing has been changed
to a 20 gtt/ml administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow rate at how
many gtt/min?: 83 gtt/min
4. Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper
placement of a nasogastric tube?: Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted
5. Three days following a surgery, a male client observes his colostomy for the
first time. He becomes quite upset and tells the nurse that it is much bigger
than he expected. What is the best response by the nurse?
A. Reassure the client that he will become accustomed to the stoma appear-
ance in time.
B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become much smaller when the initial
swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the local ostomy support group to help him
with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle the stoma equipment to gain confidence
with the procedure.: B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial swelling
diminishes (Postoperative swelling causes enlargement of the stoma. The nurse can teach the client that the stoma
will become smaller when swelling is diminished (B). This will help reduce the client's anxiety and promote acceptance
, HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6hupf4
of the colostomy. (A) does not provide helpful teaching or support. (C) is a useful action, and may be taken after the
nurse provides pertinent teaching. The client is not yet demonstrating readiness to learn colostomy care. (D)
6. A female client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction states that
she is nauseated. The nurse assesses that there has been no drainage through
the nasogastric tube in the last two hours. What action should the nurse take
first?
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with sterile normal saline.
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.: B. Reposition the
client on her side. (The immediate priority is to determine if the tube is functioning correctly, which would then relieve
the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention (B) should be attempted first, followed by (A and C), unless either
of these interventions is contraindicated. If these measures are unsuccessful, the client may require an antiemetic
(D))
7. A hospitalized male client is receiving nasogastric tube feedings via a
small-bore tube and a continuous pump infusion. He reports that he had a bad
bout of severe coughing a few minutes ago, but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident. No further action is required at this time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the family why it is being stopped, and notify
the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn
from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube while auscultating the epigastrium for
gurgling.: C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube.
8. A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year
it is. What data should the nurse document that is most accurate?
A. demonstrates loss of remote memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time: D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is exhibiting
, HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6hupf4
disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory of the distant past. The client is able to express himself without difficulty (B),
and does not demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
9. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) selects a scrambled egg for his
breakfast. What action should the nurse take?
A. Commend the client for selecting a high biologic value protein.
B. Remind the client that protein in the diet should be avoided.
C. Suggest that the client also select orange juice, to promote absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend classes on dietary management of CKD.: A.
Commend the client for selecting a high biologic value protein. (Foods such as eggs and milk (A) are high biologic
proteins which are allowed because they are complete proteins and supply the essential amino acids that are
necessary for growth and cell repair. Orange juice is rich in potassium and should not be encouraged. The client
has made a good diet choice so (D) is not necessary.)
10. When assisting an 82 year old client to ambulate, it is important for the
nurse to realize that the center of gravity for an elderly person is the--: Upper
torso (The center of gravity for adults is the hips. However, as the person grows older, a stooped posture is common
because of the changes from osteoporosis and normal bone degeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows flex. This
stooped posture results in the upper torso becoming the center of gravity for older persons.)
11. In developing a plan of care for a client with dementia, the nurse should
remember that confusion in the elderly
A. is to be expected, and progresses with age
B. often follows relocation to new surroundings
C. is a result of irreversible brain pathology
D. can be prevented with adequate sleep: B. often follows relocation to new surroundings
(Relocation (B) often results in confusion among elderly clients-- moving is stressful for anyone. (A) is stereotypical
judgement. Stress in the elderly often manifests itself as confusion, so (C) is wrong. Adequate sleep is not a prevention
(D) for confusion.)
12. A postoperative client will need to perform daily dressing changes after dis-
charge. Which outcome statement best demonstrates the client's readiness
to manage his wound care after discharge? The client
A. asks relevant questions regarding the dressing change
B. states he will be able to complete the wound care regimen
C. demonstrates the wound care procedure correctly
