GISP CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Crossed by the outline of.
Answer: Input features will be selected if they are crossed by the outline of a
selecting feature
◍ Logic inductive.
Answer: Spatial data model (DeMers)General model based on individual
data deductive; progresses from general to specific using known factors and
relationships
◍ Logical data model.
Answer: Data arranged in a logical structure that can be mapped into the
storage objects supported by the DB management system
◍ Authorization.
Answer: Once users are added, the database administrator must grant
specific privileges to users todetermine what they can and cannot do in the
database. The database checks these privilegeswhen an authenticated user
tries to access or alter the database. This process is called ____________.
◍ Internal direction.
Answer: Where an object is located inside the reference object
◍ Stereoscopy.
Answer: Methodology that generates the impression of a three-dimensional
image from two overlapping images of the same area.
◍ Latitude.
Answer: The angular distance from the equator to a point on the earth's
surface. Can be north (0 - +90) or south (0 - -90) depending on the
hemisphere. Low-latitude areas (near equator) use a conical projection;
, polar regions use an azimuthal planar projection.
◍ Relief displacement.
Answer: Image deformation where a vertical object, such as a building, will
appear to be lying along a line radial to the image nadir point. The error can
measure 100s of meters. The taller the object, and the further from the
principle point, the greater the deformation.
◍ Space segment.
Answer: The __________ _____________ of an artificial satellite system is
one of its three operational components (the others being the user and
ground segments). It comprises the satellite or satellite constellation and the
uplink and downlink satellite links.
◍ Geoid.
Answer: The shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the
influence of the Earth's gravitation and rotation alone in the absence of other
influences such as winds and tides. It is a model of global mean sea level
that is used to measure precise surface elevations by registering the ocean's
water level at coastal places using tide gauges. The radius at the equator is
larger than at the poles due to the long term effects of the earth's rotation.
Mountains have more mass than valleys, thus the pull of gravity is
regionally stronger near mountains.
◍ Disjoint (no point in common).
Answer: a Ո b = ᴓ
◍ ISO 19115-2.
Answer: Content standard that adds elements to describe imagery and
gridded data as well as data collected using instruments (monitoring stations
and measurement devices)
◍ Continents.
Answer: Large, continuous, discrete masses of land, ideally separated by
expanses of water (physical geography may include islands on the shelf
because they are structurally part of the continent).
,◍ Conical Projection.
Answer: Projection to use when broad in East-west (eg the US)
◍ Selection Queries.
Answer: New selection, add to selection, remove from selection, subset
selection, switch selection, clear selection
◍ Server applications.
Answer: Data is centrally managed, supports multiple users, and provides
clients with the most up-to-date information. Host your resources on your
server system and implement client applications for users to interact with
resources and share them across an enterprise and across the web.
◍ Distance calculation (GPS).
Answer: Computed by measuring the time interval between the transmission
and reception of a satellite signal
◍ Indexes.
Answer: Data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations
in a database table. Can be on multiple fields/columns. This causes more
storage space and additional writes.
◍ Circle.
Answer: 2Pi x Radius
◍ International Foot.
Answer: 0.3048 m
◍ Query.
Answer: A request that selects feature or tabular attributes based on
user-selected criteria and displays only those features or records that satisfy
the criteria
◍ Complex Components of GDB.
Answer: Topology, relationship classes, geometric networks
◍ Geometric accuracy.
Answer: The closeness of a measurement to its true value
, ◍ US National Grid.
Answer: Alpha-numeric reference system that overlays the UTM coordinate
system. A spatial address is broken down into three parts:1. Grid Zone
Designation; for a world-wide unique address.2. 100,000-meter Square
Identification; for regional areas.3. Grid Coordinates; for local areas.
◍ Versioning.
Answer: This allows multiple editors to alter the same data in an enterprise
or workgroup GDB without applying locks or duplicating data. Reconciling
compares the changes in the version that was edited against the file into
which you want to merge them.
◍ Classification.
Answer: Objects with similar symbols - up to 7 classes recommended but
shd stick to 5. Classes shd be exhaustive (describe all possible values) and
should not overlap (no value can fall into 2 classes).
◍ Disadvantages of ground surveying.
Answer: Expensive and time consuming
◍ Typography.
Answer: Design of text, point size, line length, typefaces
◍ Noise.
Answer: The distortion of the satellite signal prior to reaching the GPS
receiver and/or additional signal piggy-backing onto the GPS satellite
signal.
◍ Raster standard.
Answer: Rows and columns with a header information
◍ WGS84 datum.
Answer: GPS receivers are designed to collect positions relative to this
◍ Spatial Model.
Answer: Basic properties and processes for a set of spatial features
◍ Spatial overlay.
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ Crossed by the outline of.
Answer: Input features will be selected if they are crossed by the outline of a
selecting feature
◍ Logic inductive.
Answer: Spatial data model (DeMers)General model based on individual
data deductive; progresses from general to specific using known factors and
relationships
◍ Logical data model.
Answer: Data arranged in a logical structure that can be mapped into the
storage objects supported by the DB management system
◍ Authorization.
Answer: Once users are added, the database administrator must grant
specific privileges to users todetermine what they can and cannot do in the
database. The database checks these privilegeswhen an authenticated user
tries to access or alter the database. This process is called ____________.
◍ Internal direction.
Answer: Where an object is located inside the reference object
◍ Stereoscopy.
Answer: Methodology that generates the impression of a three-dimensional
image from two overlapping images of the same area.
◍ Latitude.
Answer: The angular distance from the equator to a point on the earth's
surface. Can be north (0 - +90) or south (0 - -90) depending on the
hemisphere. Low-latitude areas (near equator) use a conical projection;
, polar regions use an azimuthal planar projection.
◍ Relief displacement.
Answer: Image deformation where a vertical object, such as a building, will
appear to be lying along a line radial to the image nadir point. The error can
measure 100s of meters. The taller the object, and the further from the
principle point, the greater the deformation.
◍ Space segment.
Answer: The __________ _____________ of an artificial satellite system is
one of its three operational components (the others being the user and
ground segments). It comprises the satellite or satellite constellation and the
uplink and downlink satellite links.
◍ Geoid.
Answer: The shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the
influence of the Earth's gravitation and rotation alone in the absence of other
influences such as winds and tides. It is a model of global mean sea level
that is used to measure precise surface elevations by registering the ocean's
water level at coastal places using tide gauges. The radius at the equator is
larger than at the poles due to the long term effects of the earth's rotation.
Mountains have more mass than valleys, thus the pull of gravity is
regionally stronger near mountains.
◍ Disjoint (no point in common).
Answer: a Ո b = ᴓ
◍ ISO 19115-2.
Answer: Content standard that adds elements to describe imagery and
gridded data as well as data collected using instruments (monitoring stations
and measurement devices)
◍ Continents.
Answer: Large, continuous, discrete masses of land, ideally separated by
expanses of water (physical geography may include islands on the shelf
because they are structurally part of the continent).
,◍ Conical Projection.
Answer: Projection to use when broad in East-west (eg the US)
◍ Selection Queries.
Answer: New selection, add to selection, remove from selection, subset
selection, switch selection, clear selection
◍ Server applications.
Answer: Data is centrally managed, supports multiple users, and provides
clients with the most up-to-date information. Host your resources on your
server system and implement client applications for users to interact with
resources and share them across an enterprise and across the web.
◍ Distance calculation (GPS).
Answer: Computed by measuring the time interval between the transmission
and reception of a satellite signal
◍ Indexes.
Answer: Data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations
in a database table. Can be on multiple fields/columns. This causes more
storage space and additional writes.
◍ Circle.
Answer: 2Pi x Radius
◍ International Foot.
Answer: 0.3048 m
◍ Query.
Answer: A request that selects feature or tabular attributes based on
user-selected criteria and displays only those features or records that satisfy
the criteria
◍ Complex Components of GDB.
Answer: Topology, relationship classes, geometric networks
◍ Geometric accuracy.
Answer: The closeness of a measurement to its true value
, ◍ US National Grid.
Answer: Alpha-numeric reference system that overlays the UTM coordinate
system. A spatial address is broken down into three parts:1. Grid Zone
Designation; for a world-wide unique address.2. 100,000-meter Square
Identification; for regional areas.3. Grid Coordinates; for local areas.
◍ Versioning.
Answer: This allows multiple editors to alter the same data in an enterprise
or workgroup GDB without applying locks or duplicating data. Reconciling
compares the changes in the version that was edited against the file into
which you want to merge them.
◍ Classification.
Answer: Objects with similar symbols - up to 7 classes recommended but
shd stick to 5. Classes shd be exhaustive (describe all possible values) and
should not overlap (no value can fall into 2 classes).
◍ Disadvantages of ground surveying.
Answer: Expensive and time consuming
◍ Typography.
Answer: Design of text, point size, line length, typefaces
◍ Noise.
Answer: The distortion of the satellite signal prior to reaching the GPS
receiver and/or additional signal piggy-backing onto the GPS satellite
signal.
◍ Raster standard.
Answer: Rows and columns with a header information
◍ WGS84 datum.
Answer: GPS receivers are designed to collect positions relative to this
◍ Spatial Model.
Answer: Basic properties and processes for a set of spatial features
◍ Spatial overlay.
