ECPI BIO 116 A&P CHAPTER 24 EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES
MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. The primary function of the digestive system is to:
A. Produce hormones only
B. Break down food and absorb nutrients
C. Filter blood
D. Produce red blood cells
Correct Answer: B. Break down food and absorb nutrients
Rationale: The digestive system mechanically and chemically breaks down food so nutrients can be
absorbed and utilized by the body.
2. Which organ is the primary site of nutrient absorption?
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine
Correct Answer: C. Small intestine
Rationale: Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine due to its extensive surface area.
3. The process of chewing food is called:
A. Deglutition
B. Mastication
C. Peristalsis
D. Segmentation
Correct Answer: B. Mastication
Rationale: Mastication mechanically breaks food into smaller pieces to aid digestion.
4. Salivary amylase begins digestion of:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Salivary amylase initiates starch digestion in the mouth.
5. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A. Uvula
B. Epiglottis
C. Soft palate
D. Glottis
Correct Answer: B. Epiglottis
, Rationale: The epiglottis folds over the airway during swallowing.
6. The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called:
A. Filtration
B. Diffusion
C. Peristalsis
D. Osmosis
Correct Answer: C. Peristalsis
Rationale: Peristalsis consists of rhythmic smooth muscle contractions that propel food.
7. The stomach primarily digests:
A. Lipids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Minerals
Correct Answer: C. Proteins
Rationale: Protein digestion begins in the stomach through pepsin activity.
8. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach is produced by:
A. Chief cells
B. Goblet cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Enterocytes
Correct Answer: C. Parietal cells
Rationale: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, creating an acidic environment.
9. Pepsinogen is secreted by:
A. Chief cells
B. Parietal cells
C. Goblet cells
D. Hepatocytes
Correct Answer: A. Chief cells
Rationale: Chief cells release pepsinogen, which is activated to pepsin.
10. The mixture of partially digested food leaving the stomach is called:
A. Bolus
B. Chyme
C. Feces
D. Bile
Correct Answer: B. Chyme
Rationale: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture formed in the stomach.
11. The first portion of the small intestine is the:
A. Ileum
B. Cecum
| VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES
MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. The primary function of the digestive system is to:
A. Produce hormones only
B. Break down food and absorb nutrients
C. Filter blood
D. Produce red blood cells
Correct Answer: B. Break down food and absorb nutrients
Rationale: The digestive system mechanically and chemically breaks down food so nutrients can be
absorbed and utilized by the body.
2. Which organ is the primary site of nutrient absorption?
A. Stomach
B. Esophagus
C. Small intestine
D. Large intestine
Correct Answer: C. Small intestine
Rationale: Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine due to its extensive surface area.
3. The process of chewing food is called:
A. Deglutition
B. Mastication
C. Peristalsis
D. Segmentation
Correct Answer: B. Mastication
Rationale: Mastication mechanically breaks food into smaller pieces to aid digestion.
4. Salivary amylase begins digestion of:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: C. Carbohydrates
Rationale: Salivary amylase initiates starch digestion in the mouth.
5. Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
A. Uvula
B. Epiglottis
C. Soft palate
D. Glottis
Correct Answer: B. Epiglottis
, Rationale: The epiglottis folds over the airway during swallowing.
6. The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called:
A. Filtration
B. Diffusion
C. Peristalsis
D. Osmosis
Correct Answer: C. Peristalsis
Rationale: Peristalsis consists of rhythmic smooth muscle contractions that propel food.
7. The stomach primarily digests:
A. Lipids
B. Carbohydrates
C. Proteins
D. Minerals
Correct Answer: C. Proteins
Rationale: Protein digestion begins in the stomach through pepsin activity.
8. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach is produced by:
A. Chief cells
B. Goblet cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Enterocytes
Correct Answer: C. Parietal cells
Rationale: Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid, creating an acidic environment.
9. Pepsinogen is secreted by:
A. Chief cells
B. Parietal cells
C. Goblet cells
D. Hepatocytes
Correct Answer: A. Chief cells
Rationale: Chief cells release pepsinogen, which is activated to pepsin.
10. The mixture of partially digested food leaving the stomach is called:
A. Bolus
B. Chyme
C. Feces
D. Bile
Correct Answer: B. Chyme
Rationale: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture formed in the stomach.
11. The first portion of the small intestine is the:
A. Ileum
B. Cecum
