Florida State University NUR 3065
PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 | ALL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (245)
1) A nurse is caring for a client with 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
hyperparathyroidism and notes that the Rationale:
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client
Which medication should the nurse prepare is experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
to administer as prescribed to the client? calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of
1. Calcium chloride tetany, which occurs as a result of acute
hypocalcemia. In
2.Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided.
3.Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium
4. Large doses of vitamin D level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum
calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for 4. Orange juice
a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency Rationale:
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body.
The administer the iron with which best food mother should be instructed to administer the
medication with item? a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may
affect
1. Milk absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
absorption.
2.Water Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than
3.Apple juice apple juice.
4. Orange juice
,3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client 1. Tinnitus
with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse Rationale:
monitors the client, knowing that which of Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin,
and the following would indicate the presence systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms
include of systemic toxicity from this medication? tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
psychological
1. Tinnitus disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are
not associated
2.Diarrhea with salicylism.
3.Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4.) The camp nurse asks the children 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the
sun preparing to swim in the lake if they have Rationale:
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30
children that chemical sunscreens are most minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can
penetrate effective when applied: the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming
or
1. Immediately before swimming sweating.
2.15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3.Immediately before exposure to the sun
4.At least 30 minutes before exposure
to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is 3. Informing the client that this is normal
prescribed for the client with a burn injury. Rationale:
When applying the medication, the client Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and
complains of local discomfort and burning. gram-positive organisms and is used to treat burns to
reduce Which of the following is the most bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should
be
appropriate nursing action? informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and
1. Notifying the registered nurse burning and that this is a
normal reaction; therefore options 1,
2.Discontinuing the medication 2, and 4 are incorrect
3.Informing the client that this is normal
4.Applying a thinner film than prescribed to
the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of
1.Hyperventilation
topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the
Rationale:
site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and
can knowing that which of the following suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis.
indicates that a systemic effect has Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for
signs occurred? of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs,
1. Hyperventilation the medication should be discontinued for 1
to 2 days. Options
2. Elevated blood pressure 3 and 4 describe local rather than
systemic effects. An
3. Local pain at the burn site elevated blood pressure may be
expected from the pain that
4. Local rash at the burn site occurs with a burn injury.
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with 2.
Triglyceride level severe acne. Before the administration of
Rationale:
this medication, the nurse anticipates that Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride
which laboratory test will be prescribed? levels should be measured before treatment and periodically
1. Platelet count thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides
, has been
2. Triglyceride level evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to
be monitored
3.Complete blood count specifically during this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
, 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the 1. Vitamin
A clinic and the health care provider (HCP) Rationale:
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce
the client's medication record and would generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements
which medication? should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2,
1. Vitamin A 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use
of isotretinoin.
2.Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3.Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a topical 2. Axilla
corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The Rationale:
nurse would monitor for the potential for Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic
increased systemic absorption of the circulation. Absorption is higher from regions where the skin
is medication if the medication were being especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck,
applied to which of the following body perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which
areas? permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
1. Back
2.Axilla
3.Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an 1. Acne
admission assessment on a client. The nurse Rationale:
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to
(Azelex). Because of the medication moderate acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing
the prescription, the nurse would suspect that growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
decreasing the
the client is being treated for: proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are
1. Acne incorrect.
2.Eczema
3.Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client Rationale:
with a partial-thickness burn, which has Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has
a cultured positive for gram-negative broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative
bacteria,
bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied
directly to the to the client about the medication. Which wound to assist in healing. It does not
stain the skin.
statement made by the client indicates a
lack of understanding about the treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2."The medication will help heal the burn."
3."The medication will permanently stain my
skin."
4. "The medication should be applied
directly to the wound."
PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 | ALL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (245)
1) A nurse is caring for a client with 3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
hyperparathyroidism and notes that the Rationale:
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client
Which medication should the nurse prepare is experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and
to administer as prescribed to the client? calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of
1. Calcium chloride tetany, which occurs as a result of acute
hypocalcemia. In
2.Calcium gluconate hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided.
3.Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium
4. Large doses of vitamin D level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum
calcium concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for 4. Orange juice
a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency Rationale:
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body.
The administer the iron with which best food mother should be instructed to administer the
medication with item? a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may
affect
1. Milk absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in
absorption.
2.Water Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than
3.Apple juice apple juice.
4. Orange juice
,3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client 1. Tinnitus
with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse Rationale:
monitors the client, knowing that which of Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin,
and the following would indicate the presence systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result. Symptoms
include of systemic toxicity from this medication? tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and
psychological
1. Tinnitus disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are
not associated
2.Diarrhea with salicylism.
3.Constipation
4. Decreased respirations
4.) The camp nurse asks the children 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the
sun preparing to swim in the lake if they have Rationale:
applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30
children that chemical sunscreens are most minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can
penetrate effective when applied: the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming
or
1. Immediately before swimming sweating.
2.15 minutes before exposure to the sun
3.Immediately before exposure to the sun
4.At least 30 minutes before exposure
to the sun
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is 3. Informing the client that this is normal
prescribed for the client with a burn injury. Rationale:
When applying the medication, the client Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and
complains of local discomfort and burning. gram-positive organisms and is used to treat burns to
reduce Which of the following is the most bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should
be
appropriate nursing action? informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and
1. Notifying the registered nurse burning and that this is a
normal reaction; therefore options 1,
2.Discontinuing the medication 2, and 4 are incorrect
3.Informing the client that this is normal
4.Applying a thinner film than prescribed to
the burn site
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of
1.Hyperventilation
topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the
Rationale:
site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and
can knowing that which of the following suppress renal excretion of acid, thereby causing acidosis.
indicates that a systemic effect has Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for
signs occurred? of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs,
1. Hyperventilation the medication should be discontinued for 1
to 2 days. Options
2. Elevated blood pressure 3 and 4 describe local rather than
systemic effects. An
3. Local pain at the burn site elevated blood pressure may be
expected from the pain that
4. Local rash at the burn site occurs with a burn injury.
7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with 2.
Triglyceride level severe acne. Before the administration of
Rationale:
this medication, the nurse anticipates that Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride
which laboratory test will be prescribed? levels should be measured before treatment and periodically
1. Platelet count thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides
, has been
2. Triglyceride level evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to
be monitored
3.Complete blood count specifically during this treatment.
4. White blood cell count
, 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the 1. Vitamin
A clinic and the health care provider (HCP) Rationale:
prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce
the client's medication record and would generalized intensification of isotretinoin toxicity. Because of
contact the (HCP) if the client is taking the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supplements
which medication? should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2,
1. Vitamin A 3, and 4 are not contraindicated with the use
of isotretinoin.
2.Digoxin (Lanoxin)
3.Furosemide (Lasix)
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
9.) The nurse is applying a topical 2. Axilla
corticosteroid to a client with eczema. The Rationale:
nurse would monitor for the potential for Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic
increased systemic absorption of the circulation. Absorption is higher from regions where the skin
is medication if the medication were being especially permeable (scalp, axilla, face, eyelids, neck,
applied to which of the following body perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which
areas? permeability is poor (back, palms, soles).
1. Back
2.Axilla
3.Soles of the feet
4. Palms of the hands
10.) The clinic nurse is performing an 1. Acne
admission assessment on a client. The nurse Rationale:
notes that the client is taking azelaic acid Azelaic acid is a topical medication used to treat mild to
(Azelex). Because of the medication moderate acne. The acid appears to work by suppressing
the prescription, the nurse would suspect that growth of Propionibacterium acnes and
decreasing the
the client is being treated for: proliferation of keratinocytes. Options 2, 3, and 4 are
1. Acne incorrect.
2.Eczema
3.Hair loss
4. Herpes simplex
11.) The health care provider has prescribed 3. "The medication will permanently stain my skin."
silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) for the client Rationale:
with a partial-thickness burn, which has Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) is an antibacterial that has
a cultured positive for gram-negative broad spectrum of activity against gram-negative
bacteria,
bacteria. The nurse is reinforcing information gram-positive bacteria, and yeast. It is applied
directly to the to the client about the medication. Which wound to assist in healing. It does not
stain the skin.
statement made by the client indicates a
lack of understanding about the treatments?
1. "The medication is an antibacterial."
2."The medication will help heal the burn."
3."The medication will permanently stain my
skin."
4. "The medication should be applied
directly to the wound."
