EPIC ADULT MED SURG NURSE 100 ASSESSMENT EXAMS –
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which oxygen delivery method is most
appropriate for a CO2 retainer?
A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasal cannula
Correct Answer: C. Venturi mask
Rationale: Venturi mask delivers precise oxygen concentrations, preventing CO2 retention in
COPD patients.
2. A nurse assesses a patient with left-sided heart failure. Which finding is expected?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Pulmonary crackles
C. Jugular vein distention
D. Hepatomegaly
Correct Answer: B. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles.
3. Which lab result indicates acute kidney injury?
A. Decreased BUN and creatinine
B. Increased BUN and creatinine
C. Decreased potassium
D. Increased hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. Increased BUN and creatinine
Rationale: AKI leads to reduced filtration causing elevated waste products.
4. A patient with diabetes shows signs of hypoglycemia. What is the first intervention?
A. Give insulin
B. Administer 15g fast-acting carbohydrate
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer glucagon IM immediately
Correct Answer: B. Administer 15g fast-acting carbohydrate
Rationale: Immediate glucose replacement is required for conscious hypoglycemic patients.
5. Which symptom is most indicative of stroke?
A. Gradual headache
B. Sudden unilateral weakness
C. Bilateral leg pain
D. Chronic dizziness
Correct Answer: B. Sudden unilateral weakness
Rationale: Stroke typically presents with sudden neurological deficits.
6. A patient is in DKA. Which finding is expected?
A. Alkalosis
, B. Hypoglycemia
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: C. Metabolic acidosis
Rationale: Ketone production causes metabolic acidosis in DKA.
7. Priority action for chest pain suspected MI?
A. Give antacid
B. Obtain ECG immediately
C. Encourage walking
D. Apply heat
Correct Answer: B. Obtain ECG immediately
Rationale: Early ECG confirms myocardial infarction.
8. Which sign indicates fluid overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Crackles in lungs
C. Hypotension
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Fluid overload leads to pulmonary congestion.
9. Normal potassium level is:
A. 2.5–3.0
B. 3.5–5.0
C. 5.5–6.5
D. 1.5–2.5
Correct Answer: B. 3.5–5.0
Rationale: Normal serum potassium ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
10. A patient on heparin therapy should be monitored using:
A. PT/INR
B. aPTT
C. Platelet count only
D. Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: aPTT evaluates therapeutic heparin levels.
11. Which is a sign of hypocalcemia?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Tetany
C. Hyperreflexia absent
D. Bradycardia only
Correct Answer: B. Tetany
Rationale: Low calcium causes neuromuscular excitability.
12. Best position for patient in respiratory distress?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES MUST BE IN ITALICS| GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
1. A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which oxygen delivery method is most
appropriate for a CO2 retainer?
A. Non-rebreather mask
B. Simple face mask
C. Venturi mask
D. Nasal cannula
Correct Answer: C. Venturi mask
Rationale: Venturi mask delivers precise oxygen concentrations, preventing CO2 retention in
COPD patients.
2. A nurse assesses a patient with left-sided heart failure. Which finding is expected?
A. Peripheral edema
B. Pulmonary crackles
C. Jugular vein distention
D. Hepatomegaly
Correct Answer: B. Pulmonary crackles
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion leading to crackles.
3. Which lab result indicates acute kidney injury?
A. Decreased BUN and creatinine
B. Increased BUN and creatinine
C. Decreased potassium
D. Increased hemoglobin
Correct Answer: B. Increased BUN and creatinine
Rationale: AKI leads to reduced filtration causing elevated waste products.
4. A patient with diabetes shows signs of hypoglycemia. What is the first intervention?
A. Give insulin
B. Administer 15g fast-acting carbohydrate
C. Restrict fluids
D. Administer glucagon IM immediately
Correct Answer: B. Administer 15g fast-acting carbohydrate
Rationale: Immediate glucose replacement is required for conscious hypoglycemic patients.
5. Which symptom is most indicative of stroke?
A. Gradual headache
B. Sudden unilateral weakness
C. Bilateral leg pain
D. Chronic dizziness
Correct Answer: B. Sudden unilateral weakness
Rationale: Stroke typically presents with sudden neurological deficits.
6. A patient is in DKA. Which finding is expected?
A. Alkalosis
, B. Hypoglycemia
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: C. Metabolic acidosis
Rationale: Ketone production causes metabolic acidosis in DKA.
7. Priority action for chest pain suspected MI?
A. Give antacid
B. Obtain ECG immediately
C. Encourage walking
D. Apply heat
Correct Answer: B. Obtain ECG immediately
Rationale: Early ECG confirms myocardial infarction.
8. Which sign indicates fluid overload?
A. Dry mucous membranes
B. Crackles in lungs
C. Hypotension
D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B. Crackles in lungs
Rationale: Fluid overload leads to pulmonary congestion.
9. Normal potassium level is:
A. 2.5–3.0
B. 3.5–5.0
C. 5.5–6.5
D. 1.5–2.5
Correct Answer: B. 3.5–5.0
Rationale: Normal serum potassium ranges from 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
10. A patient on heparin therapy should be monitored using:
A. PT/INR
B. aPTT
C. Platelet count only
D. Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B. aPTT
Rationale: aPTT evaluates therapeutic heparin levels.
11. Which is a sign of hypocalcemia?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Tetany
C. Hyperreflexia absent
D. Bradycardia only
Correct Answer: B. Tetany
Rationale: Low calcium causes neuromuscular excitability.
12. Best position for patient in respiratory distress?
A. Supine
B. Trendelenburg
C. High Fowler’s
