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non experimental
variations A-B designs
referred to s the simple time series design, represents the most
basic non experimental SCD. this design requires that the
dependent variable be measured repeatedly under controlled
baseline (A) and intervention
(B) conditions.
A-B-A designs
the target behavior is repeatedly measured under baseline (A1) and
intervention (B) conditions. after the dependent variable has
stabilized during intervention, you reintroduce the baseline
condition (A2) to the
target behavior. this design is susceptible to numerous threats of
internal and external validity.
,A-B-A-B Withdrawal design
also referred to as reversal design, has been one of the most
frequently used SCDs in behavioral research. this design permits a
clear and
convincing demonstration of experimental control because it
requires the repeated introduction and withdrawal of an
intervention.
advantages of ABAB design
provides a convincing demonstration of causality in applied
research. it controls for many of the deficiencies associated with
the ABA design by
a) ending in an intervention condition b) providing two
opportunities to replicate the positive effects of intervention.
,experimental
causal attributions can be made and functional relations can be
demonstrated.
internal validity in ABAB
maturation threats may be likely if the baseline or intervention
conditions occur for an extended period of time. control for
this by using condition lengths that are sufficient length to
establish data patterns, intervening on behaviors that are
unlikely to slowly improve
over time in the absence of intervention and removing the
intervention in the second baseline condition.
corollary behaviors
the concurrent monitoring of non target behaviors has practical
implications for practitioners.
, internval validity in ABAB
due to the nature of withdrawal in ABAB, procedural infidelity and
carryover effects may be likely. ABAB designs are sensitive to
attrition threats in the second baseline condition when
behaviors are expected to deteriorate again.
limitations of ABAB design
relate to practical and ethical concerns. a brief withdrawal of an
intervention may be deemed unethical. not appropriate for
evaluating interventions with behaviors that are not likely to be
reversed.
multi treatment designs
variations of ABAB designs are termed this and can be also
planned for use a priori to compare interventions.