Chemistry CLEP Exam 1 Questions
with Complete Solutions18
Avogadro's number - ANSWERS-number of representative particles in a mole, 6.02 X 10^23
Planck's constant - ANSWERS-6.63 x 10^-34 Jxsec
alpha particle - ANSWERS-4/2 He
beta particle - ANSWERS-0/-1e
positron particle - ANSWERS-0/+1e
gas constant (R) - ANSWERS-8.31 J/Kmol
Average Kinetic Energy - ANSWERS-AvgKE=3/2nRT
Partial Pressure of Gas - ANSWERS-Pa x ntot = Ptot x na
Ideal Gas Law (density) - ANSWERS-P(mm)=RT
gas constant (R) in atm - ANSWERS-0.082 L atm / K mol
atomic theory - ANSWERS-(Dalton's 1800)
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
,2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties
3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.
4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
Evidence for the atomic theory - Gold foil experiment - ANSWERS-Ernest Rutherford expected
the beam he shot to go right through; 1/8,000 of them would bounce back. Thus, there is
something very small, dense, and positively charged in a atom along with a lot of empty space.
atomic structure - ANSWERS-Protons and Neutrons form the nucleus of the atom, electrons
orbit the nucleus in electron shells.
atomic spectra - ANSWERS-all elements, when heated release specific frequencies of
electromagnetic radiation (colors of light) unique to that particular element
quantum numbers - ANSWERS-These specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the
properties of electrons in orbitals - describes the energy and place of an electron. n=
atomic orbitals - ANSWERS-These are the regions around the nucleus where the electrons
typically are; (s, p, d, f orbitals) they have different shapes
Mass number - ANSWERS-This is the # of Protons + # of Neutrons
atomic number - ANSWERS-This is the # of Protons
Isotopes of an element - ANSWERS-These are atoms with same atomic number but different
mass number AKA same number of protons, different number of neutrons
have similar chemical properties as counterparts, but have different physical properties
(mass/density) and radioactivity.
, mass spectrometry - ANSWERS-A technique used by toxicologist to identify chemical
compositions. The instrument breaks a chemical down into its ions and accelerates them in a
magnetic field that produces a unique spectrum to discover the masses of atoms and
percentages of isotopes
down, electrons, nucleus, decreases, increases, largest - ANSWERS-as you go [x] periodic table,
atomic radius increases because [x] are farther away from the [x].
As you go LEFT--> RIGHT, atomic radius [x] because effective nuclear charge [x].
Fr has the [x] radius.
first ionization energy, decreases - ANSWERS-This is minimum energy required to remove a
(valence) electron from a gaseous atom leaving a gaseous ion.
It [x] going down and left; HE has highest of this
electron affinities, high, Fluorine - ANSWERS-This is attraction for electrons; metals have low;
nonmetals have [x]; [x] has the highest and is the most active nonmetal.
oxidation states - ANSWERS-This is the condition of an atom expressed by the number of
electrons that the atom needs to reach its elemental form
hydrogen bonding - ANSWERS-NOF with hydrogen INTER
nonpolar covalent - ANSWERS-0-0.4
polar covalent (dipole-dipole) - ANSWERS-.4-1.7
with Complete Solutions18
Avogadro's number - ANSWERS-number of representative particles in a mole, 6.02 X 10^23
Planck's constant - ANSWERS-6.63 x 10^-34 Jxsec
alpha particle - ANSWERS-4/2 He
beta particle - ANSWERS-0/-1e
positron particle - ANSWERS-0/+1e
gas constant (R) - ANSWERS-8.31 J/Kmol
Average Kinetic Energy - ANSWERS-AvgKE=3/2nRT
Partial Pressure of Gas - ANSWERS-Pa x ntot = Ptot x na
Ideal Gas Law (density) - ANSWERS-P(mm)=RT
gas constant (R) in atm - ANSWERS-0.082 L atm / K mol
atomic theory - ANSWERS-(Dalton's 1800)
1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
,2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties
3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.
4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
Evidence for the atomic theory - Gold foil experiment - ANSWERS-Ernest Rutherford expected
the beam he shot to go right through; 1/8,000 of them would bounce back. Thus, there is
something very small, dense, and positively charged in a atom along with a lot of empty space.
atomic structure - ANSWERS-Protons and Neutrons form the nucleus of the atom, electrons
orbit the nucleus in electron shells.
atomic spectra - ANSWERS-all elements, when heated release specific frequencies of
electromagnetic radiation (colors of light) unique to that particular element
quantum numbers - ANSWERS-These specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the
properties of electrons in orbitals - describes the energy and place of an electron. n=
atomic orbitals - ANSWERS-These are the regions around the nucleus where the electrons
typically are; (s, p, d, f orbitals) they have different shapes
Mass number - ANSWERS-This is the # of Protons + # of Neutrons
atomic number - ANSWERS-This is the # of Protons
Isotopes of an element - ANSWERS-These are atoms with same atomic number but different
mass number AKA same number of protons, different number of neutrons
have similar chemical properties as counterparts, but have different physical properties
(mass/density) and radioactivity.
, mass spectrometry - ANSWERS-A technique used by toxicologist to identify chemical
compositions. The instrument breaks a chemical down into its ions and accelerates them in a
magnetic field that produces a unique spectrum to discover the masses of atoms and
percentages of isotopes
down, electrons, nucleus, decreases, increases, largest - ANSWERS-as you go [x] periodic table,
atomic radius increases because [x] are farther away from the [x].
As you go LEFT--> RIGHT, atomic radius [x] because effective nuclear charge [x].
Fr has the [x] radius.
first ionization energy, decreases - ANSWERS-This is minimum energy required to remove a
(valence) electron from a gaseous atom leaving a gaseous ion.
It [x] going down and left; HE has highest of this
electron affinities, high, Fluorine - ANSWERS-This is attraction for electrons; metals have low;
nonmetals have [x]; [x] has the highest and is the most active nonmetal.
oxidation states - ANSWERS-This is the condition of an atom expressed by the number of
electrons that the atom needs to reach its elemental form
hydrogen bonding - ANSWERS-NOF with hydrogen INTER
nonpolar covalent - ANSWERS-0-0.4
polar covalent (dipole-dipole) - ANSWERS-.4-1.7
