MIDTERM NR566 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 FULL EXAM PREPARATION
GUIDE
◉ What are the serious potential drug interactions with Linzeolid?
Answer: MAO, SSRI, hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome
◉ Are aminoglycosides bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Answer:
bactericidal
◉ Aminoglycosides MOA Answer: -disrupt protein synthesis,
resulting in rapid bacterial death
-bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit
-causing (1) inhibition of protein synthesis, (2) premature
termination of protein synthesis, and (3) production of abnormal
proteins (secondary to misreading of the genetic code)
◉ What are some of the sensitive organisms to aminoglycosides?
Answer: Escherichia coli, kebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia
marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
◉ T or F: Aminoglycosides can kill anaerobes Answer: F
,◉ Sulfonamides MOA Answer: suppress bacterial growth by
inhibiting the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, a derivative of folate
-in the absence of tetrahydrofolate bacteria are unable to synthesize
DNA, RNA, and proteins
◉ Are sulfonamides active against gram + or gram - bacteria?
Answer: broad spectrum of microbes comprising gram-positive
cocci (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), gram-
negative bacilli
◉ What is one major concern about the efficacy of sulfonamides?
Answer: resistance is especially high among gonococci,
meningococci, streptococci, and shigellae
◉ Sulfonamides are the first line drug for what acute infection?
Answer: -uncomplicated UTI (80% susceptible) -> Bactrim
◉ Sulfonamides patient education Answer: -should drink at least 8
to 10 glasses of water or other noncaffeinated fluids per day to
decrease the risk for crystalluria
-caffeine may be taken in addition to the other fluids)
-avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, to wear protective clothing,
and to apply sunscreen to exposed skin
-Tanning beds are to be avoided
, ◉ Sulfonamides severe potential adverse effects? Answer: -Stevens-
Johnson syndrome, a rare reaction with a mortality rate of about
25%
-Life-threatening effect including neutropenia, and toxic epidermal
necrolysis -> occur more frequently in older adults
◉ What are some drug-drug interactions with sulfonamides?
Answer: . intensify the effects of warfarin, phenytoin, and
sulfonylurea-type oral hypoglycemics (e.g., glipizide, glyburide)
◉ Why should application of Silver Sulfadiazine be avoided? Answer:
can cause a blue-green or gray skin discoloration, so facial
application should be avoided
◉ What can sulfonamides cause in infants? Answer: in infants
younger than 2 months can cause kernicterus
◉ Trimethoprim MOA Answer: -inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, the
enzyme that converts dihydrofolate to its active form:
tetrahydrofolate
-suppresses the bacterial synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins
◉ Trimethoprim approved for initial therapy for what infection?
Answer: only for the initial therapy of acute, uncomplicated UTIs due
to susceptible organisms
ANSWERS 2026 FULL EXAM PREPARATION
GUIDE
◉ What are the serious potential drug interactions with Linzeolid?
Answer: MAO, SSRI, hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome
◉ Are aminoglycosides bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Answer:
bactericidal
◉ Aminoglycosides MOA Answer: -disrupt protein synthesis,
resulting in rapid bacterial death
-bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit
-causing (1) inhibition of protein synthesis, (2) premature
termination of protein synthesis, and (3) production of abnormal
proteins (secondary to misreading of the genetic code)
◉ What are some of the sensitive organisms to aminoglycosides?
Answer: Escherichia coli, kebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia
marcescens, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
◉ T or F: Aminoglycosides can kill anaerobes Answer: F
,◉ Sulfonamides MOA Answer: suppress bacterial growth by
inhibiting the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, a derivative of folate
-in the absence of tetrahydrofolate bacteria are unable to synthesize
DNA, RNA, and proteins
◉ Are sulfonamides active against gram + or gram - bacteria?
Answer: broad spectrum of microbes comprising gram-positive
cocci (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), gram-
negative bacilli
◉ What is one major concern about the efficacy of sulfonamides?
Answer: resistance is especially high among gonococci,
meningococci, streptococci, and shigellae
◉ Sulfonamides are the first line drug for what acute infection?
Answer: -uncomplicated UTI (80% susceptible) -> Bactrim
◉ Sulfonamides patient education Answer: -should drink at least 8
to 10 glasses of water or other noncaffeinated fluids per day to
decrease the risk for crystalluria
-caffeine may be taken in addition to the other fluids)
-avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, to wear protective clothing,
and to apply sunscreen to exposed skin
-Tanning beds are to be avoided
, ◉ Sulfonamides severe potential adverse effects? Answer: -Stevens-
Johnson syndrome, a rare reaction with a mortality rate of about
25%
-Life-threatening effect including neutropenia, and toxic epidermal
necrolysis -> occur more frequently in older adults
◉ What are some drug-drug interactions with sulfonamides?
Answer: . intensify the effects of warfarin, phenytoin, and
sulfonylurea-type oral hypoglycemics (e.g., glipizide, glyburide)
◉ Why should application of Silver Sulfadiazine be avoided? Answer:
can cause a blue-green or gray skin discoloration, so facial
application should be avoided
◉ What can sulfonamides cause in infants? Answer: in infants
younger than 2 months can cause kernicterus
◉ Trimethoprim MOA Answer: -inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, the
enzyme that converts dihydrofolate to its active form:
tetrahydrofolate
-suppresses the bacterial synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins
◉ Trimethoprim approved for initial therapy for what infection?
Answer: only for the initial therapy of acute, uncomplicated UTIs due
to susceptible organisms
