PCCN Actual Exam Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Tested) and
Complete Solutions Graded A+
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Brudzinski's sign - Answer: Neck flexion --> pain and involuntary flexion
of hip/knee when lying supine.
Which walls/heart structures do the RCA perfuse? - Answer: Right
atrium, right ventricle, left posterior inferior ventricle,
,SA node and AV node
What leads correlate to the intraventricular septum of the heart
(perfused by the LAD)? - Answer: V1 & V2
What leads correlate to the anterior wall of the heart (perfused by the
LAD)? - Answer: V3 & V4
ARDS criteria - Answer: Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on CXR
Crackles
P/F ratio </= 300
Decreased compliance
Refractory hypoxemia
Low expired minute volume
How to calculate P/F ratio - Answer: (PaO2 from ABG)/(FiO2)
In a hypertensive crisis, how fast can blood pressure be safely reduced?
- Answer: No more than 25% initially, over 2-6 hours.
,Then switch to PO medications and continue to slowly lower BP over 2-
3 months.
Which electrolyte is affected by ACE-I? - Answer: Potassium levels can
rise with the use of this medication type.
S/S of Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) - Answer: - Drop in
platelet count of < 100,000 or 50% of baseline within 5-10 days of
administration of Heparin
- Thrombotic manifestations such as: DVT, PE, CVA, & MI
- Skin Necrosis
Immune mediated condition when heparin is initiated --> heparin-PF4
antibody complexes form --> activates platelets causing clotting and
platelet consumption --> acute reduction in platelets.
Thrombocytopenia and thrombosis are present concurrently.
Which set of hemodynamic parameters is associated with right sided
heart failure? - Answer: Decrease in cardiac output (caused by
decreased preload to L side of heart)
Increased preload (c/x back up of blood)
, Increased after load (c/x compensatory response of vasoconstriction to
reduced tissue perfusion)
What is a normal urine sodium level? - Answer: 20 mEq/L
What is a normal BUN:creatinine ratio? - Answer: 10:1 to 20:1
What lab values are consistent with acute pancreatitis? - Answer:
Elevated lipase
Elevated amylase
Hyperglycemia
Hypocalcemia (from lipolysis, which increases fatty acids in the vascular
system --> binds calcium)
Hypokalemia (from vomiting)
Which acid/base disturbance is associated with massive volume
resuscitation with NS? - Answer: Metabolic acidosis. Elevated levels of
chloride cause loss of HCO3 through renal tubules —> base deficit.
Questions (Frequently Tested) and
Complete Solutions Graded A+
Professional Academic Assistance Services
Services Offered
• Proctored Exam Assistance
• Online Class Management (Full Course Support)
• Exam Preparation & Study Materials
• Assignments and Coursework Support
• Essay and Research Paper Writing
• Discussion Posts & Responses
• Editing and Proofreading
• Confidential Academic Consultation
Contact Information
Email:
WhatsApp link: https://wa.me/254704846336
Fast Response | Confidential | Reliable Academic Support
Helping Students Achieve Academic Excellence
Brudzinski's sign - Answer: Neck flexion --> pain and involuntary flexion
of hip/knee when lying supine.
Which walls/heart structures do the RCA perfuse? - Answer: Right
atrium, right ventricle, left posterior inferior ventricle,
,SA node and AV node
What leads correlate to the intraventricular septum of the heart
(perfused by the LAD)? - Answer: V1 & V2
What leads correlate to the anterior wall of the heart (perfused by the
LAD)? - Answer: V3 & V4
ARDS criteria - Answer: Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on CXR
Crackles
P/F ratio </= 300
Decreased compliance
Refractory hypoxemia
Low expired minute volume
How to calculate P/F ratio - Answer: (PaO2 from ABG)/(FiO2)
In a hypertensive crisis, how fast can blood pressure be safely reduced?
- Answer: No more than 25% initially, over 2-6 hours.
,Then switch to PO medications and continue to slowly lower BP over 2-
3 months.
Which electrolyte is affected by ACE-I? - Answer: Potassium levels can
rise with the use of this medication type.
S/S of Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) - Answer: - Drop in
platelet count of < 100,000 or 50% of baseline within 5-10 days of
administration of Heparin
- Thrombotic manifestations such as: DVT, PE, CVA, & MI
- Skin Necrosis
Immune mediated condition when heparin is initiated --> heparin-PF4
antibody complexes form --> activates platelets causing clotting and
platelet consumption --> acute reduction in platelets.
Thrombocytopenia and thrombosis are present concurrently.
Which set of hemodynamic parameters is associated with right sided
heart failure? - Answer: Decrease in cardiac output (caused by
decreased preload to L side of heart)
Increased preload (c/x back up of blood)
, Increased after load (c/x compensatory response of vasoconstriction to
reduced tissue perfusion)
What is a normal urine sodium level? - Answer: 20 mEq/L
What is a normal BUN:creatinine ratio? - Answer: 10:1 to 20:1
What lab values are consistent with acute pancreatitis? - Answer:
Elevated lipase
Elevated amylase
Hyperglycemia
Hypocalcemia (from lipolysis, which increases fatty acids in the vascular
system --> binds calcium)
Hypokalemia (from vomiting)
Which acid/base disturbance is associated with massive volume
resuscitation with NS? - Answer: Metabolic acidosis. Elevated levels of
chloride cause loss of HCO3 through renal tubules —> base deficit.
