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PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 – USAHS
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEWEST 2026 VERIFIED 100%
What are the gross divisions of the CNS?
Brain and Spinal cord
What are the subdivisions of the CNS?
Cerebrum
Basal Ganglia
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Limbic System
Spinal Cord
What is the Blood brain barrier
a selective filterr and it protects the CNS by limiting the substances that enter the
brain and spinal cord
What can pass the BBB, and what cannot?
non-polar lipid soluble drugs can pass the BBB, large polar and lipophobic
compounds are unable to enter the brain
What are the CNS neurotransmitters?
ACh, NE, Dopamine, 5-HT, GABA, Glycine, Glutamate, Substance P, Enkephalins
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: ACh
cerebral cortex, BG, limbic and thalamus regions, spinal interneurons (peripheral
skeletal muscles and autonomic ganglions), excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: NE
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neurons originating in the brainstem and hypothalamus that project throughout other
areas of the brain, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Dopamine
BG and limbic system, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: 5-HT
or serotonin
neurons originating in the brainstem that project upwards to the hypothalamus and
downward to the spinal cord, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: GABA
interneurons throughout the spinal cord, cerebellum, BG and cerebral cortex,
inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Glycine
interneurons in the brain and spinal cord, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
glutamate
interneurons throughout the brain and hte spinal cord, excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Substance P
pathways in spinal cord and brain that mediate painful stimuli, excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Enkephalins
Pain suppression pathways in spinal cord and brain, excitation
What are the monoamine NTs?
dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin
What are the amino acids NTs?
glycine, GABA, and glutamate
What are the peptide NTs?
substance P, (endogenous opioids: endorphines, enkephalins, and dynorphins)
What are the distinct sites that a CNS drug can alter activity at the synapse?
Presynaptic action potential
Synthesis of neurotransmitter
storage of neurotransmitter
PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 – USAHS
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEWEST 2026 VERIFIED 100%
What are the gross divisions of the CNS?
Brain and Spinal cord
What are the subdivisions of the CNS?
Cerebrum
Basal Ganglia
Diencephalon
Mesencephalon
Brainstem
Cerebellum
Limbic System
Spinal Cord
What is the Blood brain barrier
a selective filterr and it protects the CNS by limiting the substances that enter the
brain and spinal cord
What can pass the BBB, and what cannot?
non-polar lipid soluble drugs can pass the BBB, large polar and lipophobic
compounds are unable to enter the brain
What are the CNS neurotransmitters?
ACh, NE, Dopamine, 5-HT, GABA, Glycine, Glutamate, Substance P, Enkephalins
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: ACh
cerebral cortex, BG, limbic and thalamus regions, spinal interneurons (peripheral
skeletal muscles and autonomic ganglions), excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: NE
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neurons originating in the brainstem and hypothalamus that project throughout other
areas of the brain, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Dopamine
BG and limbic system, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: 5-HT
or serotonin
neurons originating in the brainstem that project upwards to the hypothalamus and
downward to the spinal cord, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter: GABA
interneurons throughout the spinal cord, cerebellum, BG and cerebral cortex,
inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Glycine
interneurons in the brain and spinal cord, inhibition
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
glutamate
interneurons throughout the brain and hte spinal cord, excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Substance P
pathways in spinal cord and brain that mediate painful stimuli, excitation
What is the primary location and general effect of the neurotransmitter:
Enkephalins
Pain suppression pathways in spinal cord and brain, excitation
What are the monoamine NTs?
dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin
What are the amino acids NTs?
glycine, GABA, and glutamate
What are the peptide NTs?
substance P, (endogenous opioids: endorphines, enkephalins, and dynorphins)
What are the distinct sites that a CNS drug can alter activity at the synapse?
Presynaptic action potential
Synthesis of neurotransmitter
storage of neurotransmitter
