WGU D115 OA Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Correct Answers| Updated
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a teen patient
who has recently learned that she is pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain
medication taken by the patient can contribute to the development of
congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN reviews the patient's current
medication list and finds one medication that is a concern.
Which medication is the APRN concerned about?
Retinoic acid
A newborn's screening for cystic fibrosis is positive. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) is reviewing screening results and taking a
comprehensive genetic screening of the parents. The APRN asks the parents
questions to help determine the transmission of this disease.
Which question should the APRN ask?
"Are you both the genetic donor parents?"
A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral intake,
decreased urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for further
evaluation with a workup to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a spinal tap,
and a chest X-ray.
Which issue of innate immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern?
Relative deficiency of factor B
,A 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling and
lower lip swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is spontaneous
and resolves over several days. The patient does not have complaints of fever,
hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show hyperactivation of three plasma
protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
What is the cause of the genetic defect suspected in this situation?
C1 esterase inhibitor
The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns about
the child's recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN). The infections have occurred regularly since birth.
What should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) in a primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports feeling
depressed due to a major life change. Additional symptoms include weight gain,
sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN plans on providing the patient with
several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
Why is the APRN concerned about relieving this emotional response?
It decreases glucose uptake.
An 80-year-old patient brings her grandchildren with her to a routine medical
appointment. The patient has moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and is concerned about developing pneumonia because of its increased
incidence at the senior center.
What should the nurse practitioner recommend for this patient?
, Getting an annual influenza vaccine
An advanced practice nurse (APRN) is working with a patient who is choosing to
undergo breast removal due to family history of breast cancer. The patient's
genetic testing revealed an abnormal BRCA1. The patient shares with the APRN
that she is relieved that she will not need to worry about cancer once the breast
tissue is removed. The APRN proceeds to educate the patient about additional
risks.
Which other type of cancer is the patient at risk for developing?
Ovarian
A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle
weaknesses, impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient
has a history of smoking and vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic testing
and a comprehensive neurological assessment reveals a diagnosis of multiple
sclerosis.
Which pathological mechanism will support this diagnosis?
A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right eye.
The child is constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) performs a complete ophthalmologic examination and
orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the findings, a diagnosis of
retinoblastoma is confirmed.
What is the pathological mechanism of this disorder?
Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
Questions and Correct Answers| Updated
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) is consulting with a teen patient
who has recently learned that she is pregnant. The APRN knows that a certain
medication taken by the patient can contribute to the development of
congenital malformations in the fetus. The APRN reviews the patient's current
medication list and finds one medication that is a concern.
Which medication is the APRN concerned about?
Retinoic acid
A newborn's screening for cystic fibrosis is positive. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) is reviewing screening results and taking a
comprehensive genetic screening of the parents. The APRN asks the parents
questions to help determine the transmission of this disease.
Which question should the APRN ask?
"Are you both the genetic donor parents?"
A 30-day-old infant presents to the emergency room with decreased oral intake,
decreased urine output, and a fever of 101.8. The infant is admitted for further
evaluation with a workup to include a blood culture, a urine culture, a spinal tap,
and a chest X-ray.
Which issue of innate immunity, as it relates to neonates, is of concern?
Relative deficiency of factor B
,A 12-year-old African American patient presents with unilateral eye swelling and
lower lip swelling. The patient's parent reports that the swelling is spontaneous
and resolves over several days. The patient does not have complaints of fever,
hives, or vomiting. Serum lab results show hyperactivation of three plasma
protein systems. The APRN suspects hereditary angioedema.
What is the cause of the genetic defect suspected in this situation?
C1 esterase inhibitor
The parent of a child diagnosed with Down syndrome expresses concerns about
the child's recurrent respiratory tract infections to an advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN). The infections have occurred regularly since birth.
What should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of this illness?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes aspiration of thin fluids.
A 36-year-old patient is being seen by an advanced practice registered nurse
(APRN) in a primary care clinic for the first time. The patient reports feeling
depressed due to a major life change. Additional symptoms include weight gain,
sedentary activity, and insomnia. The APRN plans on providing the patient with
several exercises to reduce the physiological effect of stress.
Why is the APRN concerned about relieving this emotional response?
It decreases glucose uptake.
An 80-year-old patient brings her grandchildren with her to a routine medical
appointment. The patient has moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and is concerned about developing pneumonia because of its increased
incidence at the senior center.
What should the nurse practitioner recommend for this patient?
, Getting an annual influenza vaccine
An advanced practice nurse (APRN) is working with a patient who is choosing to
undergo breast removal due to family history of breast cancer. The patient's
genetic testing revealed an abnormal BRCA1. The patient shares with the APRN
that she is relieved that she will not need to worry about cancer once the breast
tissue is removed. The APRN proceeds to educate the patient about additional
risks.
Which other type of cancer is the patient at risk for developing?
Ovarian
A patient presents to the hospital complaining of blurred vision, muscle
weaknesses, impaired gait, and fatigue lasting more than 24 hours. The patient
has a history of smoking and vitamin D deficiency. Extensive diagnostic testing
and a comprehensive neurological assessment reveals a diagnosis of multiple
sclerosis.
Which pathological mechanism will support this diagnosis?
A loss of myelin sheaths, causing a disruption of nerve conduction
A child presents to a clinic with a white pupillary reflex noted in the right eye.
The child is constantly crying and rubbing her eyes. An advanced practice
registered nurse (APRN) performs a complete ophthalmologic examination and
orders several diagnostic tests. Based on the findings, a diagnosis of
retinoblastoma is confirmed.
What is the pathological mechanism of this disorder?
Mutations of a gene on chromosome 13q14 lead to neoplastic proliferation of
cells
