Lecture 19 PESTICIDES GROUPS
Groups of pesticides : The pesticides are generally classified into various groups
based on pest organism against which the compounds are used, their chemical nature,
mode of entry and mode of action.
1. Based on organisms
a) Insecticides : Chemicals used to kill or control insects (eg.) endosulfan,
malathion
b) Rodenticides : Chemicals exclusively used to control rats (eg.) Zinc
phosphide
c) Acaricides : Chemicals used to control mites on crops / animals (eg.)
Dicofol
d) Avicides : Chemicals used to repel the birds (eg.) Anthraquionone
e) Molluscicides : Chemicals used to kill the snails and slugs (eg.) Metaldehyde
f) Nematicides : Chemicals used to control nematodes (eg.) Ethylene
dibromide
g) Fungicides : Chemicals used to control plant diseases caused by fungi
(eg.) Copper oxy cholirde
h) Bactericide : Chemicals used to control the plant diseases caused by
bacteria (eg.) Streptomycin sulphate
i) Herbicide : Chemicals used to control weeds (eg.) 2,4, - D
2. Based on mode of entry
a) Stomach poison : The insecticide applied in the leaves and other parts of the
plant when ingested, act in the digestive system of the insect and bring about
kill (eg.) Malathion.
b) Contact Poison : The toxicant which brings about death of the pest species by
means of contact (eg.) Fenvalerate.
c) Fumigant : Toxicant enter in vapour form into the tracheal system (respiratory
poison) through spiracles (eg.) Aluminium phosphide
d) Systemic poison : Chemicals when applied to plant or soil are absorbed by
foliage (or) roots and translocated through vascular system and cause death of
insect feeding on plant. (eg.) Dimethoate.
3. Based on mode of action
a) Physical poison : Toxicant which brings about kill of one insect by exerting a
physical effect (eg.) Activated clay.
Groups of pesticides : The pesticides are generally classified into various groups
based on pest organism against which the compounds are used, their chemical nature,
mode of entry and mode of action.
1. Based on organisms
a) Insecticides : Chemicals used to kill or control insects (eg.) endosulfan,
malathion
b) Rodenticides : Chemicals exclusively used to control rats (eg.) Zinc
phosphide
c) Acaricides : Chemicals used to control mites on crops / animals (eg.)
Dicofol
d) Avicides : Chemicals used to repel the birds (eg.) Anthraquionone
e) Molluscicides : Chemicals used to kill the snails and slugs (eg.) Metaldehyde
f) Nematicides : Chemicals used to control nematodes (eg.) Ethylene
dibromide
g) Fungicides : Chemicals used to control plant diseases caused by fungi
(eg.) Copper oxy cholirde
h) Bactericide : Chemicals used to control the plant diseases caused by
bacteria (eg.) Streptomycin sulphate
i) Herbicide : Chemicals used to control weeds (eg.) 2,4, - D
2. Based on mode of entry
a) Stomach poison : The insecticide applied in the leaves and other parts of the
plant when ingested, act in the digestive system of the insect and bring about
kill (eg.) Malathion.
b) Contact Poison : The toxicant which brings about death of the pest species by
means of contact (eg.) Fenvalerate.
c) Fumigant : Toxicant enter in vapour form into the tracheal system (respiratory
poison) through spiracles (eg.) Aluminium phosphide
d) Systemic poison : Chemicals when applied to plant or soil are absorbed by
foliage (or) roots and translocated through vascular system and cause death of
insect feeding on plant. (eg.) Dimethoate.
3. Based on mode of action
a) Physical poison : Toxicant which brings about kill of one insect by exerting a
physical effect (eg.) Activated clay.
