Lectures 0SV00: sustainability in global context
First lecture:
Conventional model of development thinking - Development goes forward in large stages
(for example stages of economic growth)
Critiques:
1. Progress isn’t only the amount of domination we have over nature
2. Environmental detoriation isn’t an inevitable side effect, you can go around it
3. The standard of living isn’t determined by the amount of money you are able to
spend
4. There is a poor understanding of social stability
5. The western world dominates the global south, the knowledge they have gathered is
ignored
6. Western style of living cannot be replicated globally
7. There is a limit to economic growth, that needs to be recognized.
Conventional development theory
o Predetermined stages of economic growth
o Lean progression in which developing countries catch up and converge with western
style of development
o Integration within a global economy under western terms
Brundtland definition:
“development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability for future
generations to meet their own needs.”
Second lecture:
Outline: the concept of sustainable development and the role of the UN
Economy, society and environment are related to one another:
Example: if you have deforestation, you will have soil problems > the ecosystem will change
o Multiple environmental stresses
o Environmental stresses and economic development
o Environmental, economic, social factors
o Within and between different nations
Some people who cause a lot of environmental damage don’t bear the causes, and the other
way around.
Holistic: the overlapping dimensions (the dimensions are society, economy and ecology)
Temporal differentiation – meanings change over time
Spatial differentiation – meanings change across space (cultural differences)
An approach based on the principles of
, Common but differentiated responsibilities – countries should take responsibility for the
problems they cause.
Intra- and intergenerational equity – the principles and norms and values change over
time
Participation – you need to include everyone when u take a environmental measure.
Anthropocentric - human is surrounded by ecology, is not part of it
Egocentric – human is part of ecology
All these thing above are part of sustainable development ^^, it takes a lot of different things
in account
Baker’s ladder of SD:
Anthropocentric > egocentric
Pollution control > weak SD > Strong SD > Ideal model
1. Pollution control
o Environmental protection important, but should not limit development
o Technologies to solve environmental problems
o Environmental Kuznets Curve:
The models ignores the fact that everything is interrelated: by deindustrializing a country, the
pollution is moved from one place to the other. From developed countries to the global
south.
2. Weak sustainable development
o The idea that everything has a price
o Everything can be substituted by technology
3. Strong sustainable development
o In order to have development, you need the environment
o The idea that not everything can be fixed with technology
o More non-material aspects of development
First lecture:
Conventional model of development thinking - Development goes forward in large stages
(for example stages of economic growth)
Critiques:
1. Progress isn’t only the amount of domination we have over nature
2. Environmental detoriation isn’t an inevitable side effect, you can go around it
3. The standard of living isn’t determined by the amount of money you are able to
spend
4. There is a poor understanding of social stability
5. The western world dominates the global south, the knowledge they have gathered is
ignored
6. Western style of living cannot be replicated globally
7. There is a limit to economic growth, that needs to be recognized.
Conventional development theory
o Predetermined stages of economic growth
o Lean progression in which developing countries catch up and converge with western
style of development
o Integration within a global economy under western terms
Brundtland definition:
“development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability for future
generations to meet their own needs.”
Second lecture:
Outline: the concept of sustainable development and the role of the UN
Economy, society and environment are related to one another:
Example: if you have deforestation, you will have soil problems > the ecosystem will change
o Multiple environmental stresses
o Environmental stresses and economic development
o Environmental, economic, social factors
o Within and between different nations
Some people who cause a lot of environmental damage don’t bear the causes, and the other
way around.
Holistic: the overlapping dimensions (the dimensions are society, economy and ecology)
Temporal differentiation – meanings change over time
Spatial differentiation – meanings change across space (cultural differences)
An approach based on the principles of
, Common but differentiated responsibilities – countries should take responsibility for the
problems they cause.
Intra- and intergenerational equity – the principles and norms and values change over
time
Participation – you need to include everyone when u take a environmental measure.
Anthropocentric - human is surrounded by ecology, is not part of it
Egocentric – human is part of ecology
All these thing above are part of sustainable development ^^, it takes a lot of different things
in account
Baker’s ladder of SD:
Anthropocentric > egocentric
Pollution control > weak SD > Strong SD > Ideal model
1. Pollution control
o Environmental protection important, but should not limit development
o Technologies to solve environmental problems
o Environmental Kuznets Curve:
The models ignores the fact that everything is interrelated: by deindustrializing a country, the
pollution is moved from one place to the other. From developed countries to the global
south.
2. Weak sustainable development
o The idea that everything has a price
o Everything can be substituted by technology
3. Strong sustainable development
o In order to have development, you need the environment
o The idea that not everything can be fixed with technology
o More non-material aspects of development
