HESI QUESTION AND ANSWERS (LATEST 2021)

3‐Which question is most useful for the nurse to ask a client who is taken an opiod analgesic daily for chronic pain when trying to determine if the client has developed drug tolerance? A) Do you feel shaky and weak just prior to the time of your next scheduled dose of medication? B)Do you ever experience a craving for the medication several hours before the next dose is scheduled? C)Does your medication continue to relieve your pain as effectively as it did previously? D)Have you experienced any nausea or constipation since you started taking this medication? 4.‐One day following as open reduction and internal fraction of a composed fracture of the left leng.a male client complains of a tingly sensation in this left feet. The nurse determines the client's pedal pulses are diminished. Based on this findings what is the client's greatest risk? A)Neurovascular and circulation compression related to compartment syndrome. B)Reduced pulmonary ventilation and oxygenation related to .... embolism. C)...................... and thrombophlebitis related to postoperative immobility. D)Wound infection and delayed healing related to fractured bone proctruction. 5.‐The atypical antipsychotic ziprasidone (Geodon) is prescribed for a client with a medical diagnosis of schizophrenia. After the client has been taking the medication for two weeks ,the nurse assesses the drug's effectiveness.Which client report suggests that the medication is helpful. A)Feels less depressed. B)Hears voices less often. C)Nervousness has decreased. D)Sleeps better at night. 7.‐During a home visit ,the nurse determines that a male client is experencing symptoms that should be controlled by his prescribed medication. The client states that he forgot when he was supposed to take his medications. What is the priority nursing problem when the nurse develops the plan of care for this client? A)Situational low self‐esteem related to symptoms of illness. B)Noncompliance related to lifestyle change. C)Ineffective heath maintenance related to lack of knowledge. D)Self neglect related to loss of cognitive function. 8.‐While assessing a radial artery catheter ,the client complains of numbness and pain distal to the insertion site. What intervention should the nurse implement? A)Irrigate the arterial line using a syringe with sterile saline. B)Promptly remove the arterial catheter from the radial artery. C)Administer a PRN anal esic and assess numbness in 30 min. D)Determine if aspirin was given prior to radial artery catheter insertion. 9.‐An older client is admitted with fluid volume deficit and dehydration .Which assessment finding is the best indicator of hydration that the nurse should report to the healthcare provider? A)The client denies being thirsty. B)Urine specific gravity is 1.040. C)Skin tenting occurs when the client forearm is pinched. D)Systolic blood pressure decreased 10 points when standing. 12‐A female client with pneumonia and a history of sickle cell anemia begins to complain of pain in her fingers, which indicates to the nurse a possible ensuing sickle cell crisis.What is the underlying pathophysiology for pain in sickle cell crisis? A)Hemolysis of blood cells containing hemoglobin S increases cellular debris that results in bone pain. B)Sickled red blood cells do not flow through small blood vessels,leading to vasocclusion and ischemia. C)Production of abnormal red cells in the bone marrow causes extreme pain. D)Viscosity of the blood creates sluggish blood flow,leading to blood clots. 13.‐An elderly client with type 2 diabetes mellitus has an increased risk for dehydration.What factor associated with aging contributes to the occurrence of dehydration among older persons with diabetes. A)Rapidly seeking care when illness occurs. B)Frequent problems with hypoglycemia. C)Increased occurrence of ketones in the urine. D)Impaired or decreased thirst sensation. 14.‐The nurse should be most concerned about risk for injury (falls)after administering which medication. A)Promethazine(phenergan). B)Pantoprazole(protonix) The test bank has the answer as B, the answer should be A, but will be marked wrong if you mark A. Choose B! C)clarithomycin(biaxin) D)Famotidine(pepcid). 14.‐A client with peptic ulcer disease has a prescription for intermitted suction via a Salem Sump nasogastric tube(NGT).After inserting the NGT and obteining coffee‐grounds gastric contents,the nurse clamps the NG tube because the client must leave the unit for diagnostic studies. Upon return to the unit, the client complains of nausea. What actions should the nurse implement first? A) Irrigate the NGT with sterile normal saline. B) Connect the NGT to low intermittent suction. C) Administer the prescribed antiemetic agent. D) Provide oral suction using a Yankauer tip. 15.‐ A client who recently received a prescription for ramelteon(Rozerem) to treat sleep deprivation reports experiencing several side effects since last taking the drug. Which side effect should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? A) Mild sedation. B) Somnambulism. C) A change in the sleep‐wake cycle. D) Dizziness reported after initial dose. 16.‐ An adult male who recently returned from a trip to China is diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS). He is hospitalized and placed in negative pressure isolation room. Which intervention is most important to include in the client's plan of care? A) Limit visitors to family members only. B) Teach how to dispose of used tissues. C) Determine if an advanced directive is signed. D) Require use of gown, gloves and N‐95 mask. 17.‐An older male client with terminal cancer is admitted to the emergency department with the diagnosis of pneumonia. The client provides the nurse with a copy of a valid living will that indicates no extraordinary measures are to be provided. Which action should the nurse implement if the client demonstrates evidence of impending death? A) A referral to hospice care should be made. B) No cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be provided. C) No antibiotics should be given for pneumonia. D) Immediate family should decide about caregiving decisions. 18.‐ A 16 year ‐old adolescent with meningococci meningitis is receiving a continuous IV infusion of penicillin G, which is prescribed as 20 million units in a total volume of 2 liters of normal saline every 24 hours. The pharmacy delivers 10 million units/liter of normal saline. How many ml/hour should the nurse program the infusion pump?(Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.) 20.‐A male client who is admitted to the cardiac care unit for observation is having sporadic premature ventricular contractions(PVC).Which activity associated with the T wave makes PVCs particularly dangerous when they coincide with this waveform? A)Depolarization. B)Repolarization. C)Increase in cardiac output. D)Atrial contraction. 21.‐A female teacher tells the school nurse that she thinks she is pregnant,but her pregnancy test was negative the previous night. When taking the teacher's history,the nurse finds that the only medication the teacher is currently taking is tetracycline for acne.Which instruction should the nurse provide? A)Increase oral fluid intake to 3 or 4quarts daily. B)Use first voiding of the day for accurate results of a pregnancy test. C)Stop taking the acne medication immediately. D)Make an appointment with an obstetrician as soon as possible. 23.‐The nurse is talking with a client who wears bilateral hearing aids.The apliances begin to make an annoying whistling sound that the client cannot hear.Which action should the nurse take? A)Reverse the hearing aids in the ears. B)Ignore the sound. C)Turn the volume up. D)Reinsert the hearing aids into the ears. 26.‐A female client with paranoia and homicidal ideation is brought to the Emergency Department via ambulance.The client states that her daughter lives inside her television set and will come out and talk to her.What additional finding indicates that the client has a thought disorder? A)Feels lonely and isolated. B)Stays in bed all morning. C)Feels very anxious. D)Easily changes the subject. 28.‐Heparin 0.4 units /kg/minute IV is prescribed for a client who weighs 110 pounds.The available solution is labeled heparin sodium 25000units in 5% dextrosa injection 250 ml.The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many ml/hour?(enter numeric value only) 31.‐ A nurse plans to call the healthcare provider to report an 0600 serum potassium level of 2 mEq/L,but the charge nurse tell the nurse that the health care provider does not like to receive early morning calls and will make rounds later in the morning. What action should the nurse take. A) Contact the healthcare provider immediately to report the laboratory value regardless of the advice. B) Flag the clients medical record to alert the healthcare provider with the laboratory results by mid‐morning. C) Ask the charge nurse to contact the healthcare provider with the laboratory results by mid‐morning. D)Call the lab to draw an additional blood sample for a repeat evaluation of the potassium level STAT. The nurse is assessing a 4‐ year‐old boy admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of possible nephrotic syndrome. Which statement by the parents indicates a likely correlation to the child's diagnosis? A) My son has been on Augmentin for 2 days for an ear infection. B) I couldn't get my son's socks and shoes on this morning. C) My son has had a red rash over his entire body for the past 4 days. D) I couldn't get my son to calm down and sleep last night. 13.‐ An elderly client with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has an increased risk for dehydration. What factor associated with aging contributes to the occurrence of dehydration among older persons with diabetes? A) Rapidly seeking care when illness occurs. B) Frequent problems with hypoglycemia. C) Increased occurrence of ketones in the urine. D)Impaired or decreased thirst sensation. 97.‐The nurse is administering 6 mg of morphine sulfate IV push for pain. During the administration, the client winces and says that the injection is stinging very badly. What action should the nurse take? A)Complete the injection administration and apply pressure to the site. B)Increase the IV infusion rate by 100ml/hr until 50 ml are infused.