Lectures & Practice exam – Minor Hot topics in Neurology &
Psychiatry
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam – semester 1/2021
,Lecture 1 – Crisis & forensic + Child & adolescent psychiatry
Dr. Lucres Nauta-Jansen -06/09/21
Psychiatric diseases are most epidemic in the world
- Key is dysfunction to have a psychiatric disorder
o At school
o At home with family
o With friends
▪ Only single symptoms are not a disorder
Definition mental disorder
- Dimensional
- Subject to societal changes
- Subject to change through new knowledge
Mental disorder
→ Internalizing
- Keeping it inside/affective
- Depression/anxiety/PTSD
- It only affects yourself
→ Externalizing
- Outward/behavioral
- Behaviors which affect the environment
- Anger issues/attention problems
, → Autism spectrum disorders
- Social/communication
Psychiatry – Assessment
1. Interview with subject and parents
2. Observation
3. Rating scales
4. Neuropsychological/cognitive tests
5. Development history
6. Laboratory/imaging
Crisis and forensic psychiatry – assessment
- Underlying acute somatic problem
- Underlying trauma
- Danger to self?
- Danger to others?
- → Goals:
o Safety
o Treatment
o Prognosis
Four main themes in this minor:
- Psychosomatic problems: relation between physical and psychiatric
problems
- Suicidal and self-harming behavior: danger/hurting him/herself?
- Trauma and related disorders: adverse environment, trauma?
- Forensic psychiatry: danger of hurting somebody else?
Literature
- IACAPAP e-textbook of child and adolescent mental health
- https://iacapap.org/english/
, Lecture 2 – General Introduction: Pediatric and Adult Neurology
Menno Schoonheim – 07/09/21
Clinical neuroscience → aim to
translate between basic preclinical
neuroscience and the clinical setting of
neurology
Histopathology multiple scleroses
- Scar tissue
- Fluid which makes myeline brown
- White circles → no myeline
- Different tissue in peripheral nerve system then central nerve system
o Other cells in central nerve system → Oligodendrocyte
o This is a normal cell in the brain, but in MS they are not wrapped in myeline
o Schwanncells in peripheral nerve system
o So, the central nerve system can be
attacked by MS → sometimes also the
peripheral, but then the myeline
thickness is not thick enough
- Knowledge of histopathology on a
normal brain can help understand the process
of MS
- Black dots in histopathology are
immune cells which are around the blood
vessels → normally they are not in the brain (T-
cells)
Clinico-radiological paradox
Psychiatry
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam – semester 1/2021
,Lecture 1 – Crisis & forensic + Child & adolescent psychiatry
Dr. Lucres Nauta-Jansen -06/09/21
Psychiatric diseases are most epidemic in the world
- Key is dysfunction to have a psychiatric disorder
o At school
o At home with family
o With friends
▪ Only single symptoms are not a disorder
Definition mental disorder
- Dimensional
- Subject to societal changes
- Subject to change through new knowledge
Mental disorder
→ Internalizing
- Keeping it inside/affective
- Depression/anxiety/PTSD
- It only affects yourself
→ Externalizing
- Outward/behavioral
- Behaviors which affect the environment
- Anger issues/attention problems
, → Autism spectrum disorders
- Social/communication
Psychiatry – Assessment
1. Interview with subject and parents
2. Observation
3. Rating scales
4. Neuropsychological/cognitive tests
5. Development history
6. Laboratory/imaging
Crisis and forensic psychiatry – assessment
- Underlying acute somatic problem
- Underlying trauma
- Danger to self?
- Danger to others?
- → Goals:
o Safety
o Treatment
o Prognosis
Four main themes in this minor:
- Psychosomatic problems: relation between physical and psychiatric
problems
- Suicidal and self-harming behavior: danger/hurting him/herself?
- Trauma and related disorders: adverse environment, trauma?
- Forensic psychiatry: danger of hurting somebody else?
Literature
- IACAPAP e-textbook of child and adolescent mental health
- https://iacapap.org/english/
, Lecture 2 – General Introduction: Pediatric and Adult Neurology
Menno Schoonheim – 07/09/21
Clinical neuroscience → aim to
translate between basic preclinical
neuroscience and the clinical setting of
neurology
Histopathology multiple scleroses
- Scar tissue
- Fluid which makes myeline brown
- White circles → no myeline
- Different tissue in peripheral nerve system then central nerve system
o Other cells in central nerve system → Oligodendrocyte
o This is a normal cell in the brain, but in MS they are not wrapped in myeline
o Schwanncells in peripheral nerve system
o So, the central nerve system can be
attacked by MS → sometimes also the
peripheral, but then the myeline
thickness is not thick enough
- Knowledge of histopathology on a
normal brain can help understand the process
of MS
- Black dots in histopathology are
immune cells which are around the blood
vessels → normally they are not in the brain (T-
cells)
Clinico-radiological paradox
