TRL-S2 - Question Bank - T R L 3 7 0 1

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TRL3701 – Full Question Bank (S2-2016)
Format of the October/November 2016 Exam:

 Provisional Date: 16 November 2016 @ 14:30

 Duration: 2 Hours

 Marks: 70

 Type of Question: Compulsory Short Questions = 20 marks
Longer Written Questions - to answer only any 2 of the 3 given = 25 marks each

Question Bank Index
 Study Unit 1 Page 2 Introduction to Transport Management
 Study Unit 2 Page 4 Transport & Environmental Management Systems
 Study Unit 3 Page 11 Integrated Transport Management
 Study Unit 4 Page 17 Transport Policies & Regulations
 Study Unit 5 Page 22 Decision-making in Transport Organisations
 Study Unit 6 Page 29 Fleet Management
 Study Unit 7 Page 35 Financial Management in Transport
 Study Unit 8 Page 43 Marketing Management in Transport
 Study Unit 9 Page 47 Operation Management in Transport
 Study Unit 10 Page 51 Transport & Information Technology


(PEx = Number of times a question featured in previous exams
Those exams used are: 2016-6; 2015-10; 2015-6; 2014-10; 2014-6; 2013-10; 2013-6; 2011-6; 2010-10; 2010-6; 2009-10
)
(LO = Learning Outcome as at the start of each Study Unit)
(SEQ = Self-Evaluation Question from the study guide)

Compiled using Mr RI Mavunda UNISA Study Guide TRL3701/1/2013-2015
Integrated with exam prep docs from previous semesters as well as Q & A activities held by students this semester



Greyed out: indicates some questions are incomplete / still need attention / haven’t been checked


TRL3701 Question Bank: NOT A MEMO

Compiled by Students & thus Accuracy is not Guaranteed

It is advisable to try and give practical examples / application of the theory at each question

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Question Bank from Self-Evaluations, Exams & Assignments
STUDY UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT

1) [PEx4 Variations] SEQ Discuss the most noticeable transport trends found in SA & explain why /
Certain trends are noticeable in the SA transport industry. Identify & explain 3 (6) Ref. Par. 1.3

Roads, Vehicles and Congestion
o Many factors have affected traffic levels, including fuel prices, economic growth and an increase in car
ownership and number of drivers.
o Men are still more likely to have a driving licence but the proportion of women holding a license has been
increasing at a faster rate

Personal Travel Mode
o Car use has increased as disposable income has risen
o the distance travelled and the time spent travelling has increased

Public Transport
o Bus operators are now investing in newer vehicles, and passenger satisfaction is generally high, although
buses tend to have a poorer image among nonusers and infrequent users.
o Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) system in Jhb as demand increased

Variation in Personal Travel and Access to Services
o The number of trips made and distance travelled increased with car availability and income
o more cars available in households

Freight and Logistics
o The rise in logistic costs is due to increases in the amount of goods transported by road and rail.

Safety
o In terms of fatalities per passenger kilometre, air continues to be the safest mode of transport.
o Since 1980: halved passenger fatality rate for cars

Health and the Environment
o Walking and cycling for travel purposes have both declined significantly over the past decade.
o Emissions of local air pollutants have declined with the advent of catalytic converters and cleaner fuels
o due to increase in users fuel consumption increased

2) [PEx1] SEQ Discuss the economic role played by transport in logistics & in ICT (10)

THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN LOGISTICS REF. PAR.1.4

- helps optimise existing production & distribution process
- promote efficiency  N.B. economic activity among the components of business logistics systems
- makes goods & products movable – thus creates value
- improvement of transportation systems needs effort from both public and private sectors
- well-operated logistics system could increase both the competitiveness of the government and enterprise
- Key element in logistics chain  joins the separate activities
- Transport represents one third of logistics costs
- Transport systems influence the performance of logistics systems.
- could provide better logistics, reduce operation cost, and promote service quality
- Satisfies demand by ensuring goods arrive at the right place at right time
- Requires transport in all production procedures  builds bridge between producers & consumers

THE ROLE OF ICT (INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES) IN TRANSPORT REF. PAR.1.6 - See Questions 3 Below

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3) [PEx1] SEQ What are the roles of Information Technology & Communications in transport? (5) Ref. Par. 1.6

- Significant impact of info tech on freight transportation system & likely to increase sharply.
- Improved customer service & reduced expenditures by implementing cutting-edge technologies
- Carriers in all modes increasingly rely on continuous updates on location & status of vehicles & containers
- Growth in intermodal freight market requires  information-sharing across companies.
- E-commerce Electronic commerce will bring change configuration & profitability of a portion of the freight sector.
- Can lead to  shipment sizes,  shipment frequencies & emphasise time-definite delivery
- Assists integration & helps sharing of info
- Helps avoid duplication & reduces inventories
- Improves communications e.g. JIT and Distribution systems
- Tracking and tracing/ visibility / event management
- Technological advances include e.g.
 EDI electronic data interchange  Container identification and tracking -
 Mobile communications  traffic info
 Navigational systems  management systems
- Advantages that could result if system architectures can cooperate
 Interoperability of equipment with different infrastructures;
 Compatibility & consistency of information delivered to end-users through different media;
 Better integration and coordination of services;
 Solutions that meet the wider needs of the community;
 Greater choice for users;
 Multiple use of data and infrastructure;
 Reduced risks for industry by developing products against national and international standards;
 A wider (world) market offering economies of scale in production.
SEQ
4) Summarise the different roles of transportation under the following

a. THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN LOGISTICS REF. PAR.1.4
See Question 2 Above

b. THE ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION IN TOURISM REF. PAR.1.5
Is there any relationship between transport and tourism development?

- Integral part of tourism industry
- Largely due to improvement of transportation that tourism has expanded
- Impacts on ecology, degradation of destination sites, tourist experience & economy has called for better
management of resources
- Links various destinations with people, goods & services
- Tourism is all about travel; and the role of transportation in its operation is vital
- Improved transport modes + lower fares = increase accessibility
- Linking modes of transport
- Availability of modes of transport and their services (motels, stations, rest facilities)
- Relies on infrastructure and efficiency of public transport system

c. THE ROLE OF ICT IN TRANSPORT REF. PAR.1.6
See Questions 3 Above

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STUDY UNIT 2: TRANSPORT & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

5) [PEx1] "Managing an organisation environmental effects are associated with the movement of goods & people"
SEQ
Discuss the factors to be considered in managing the environmental effect in a transport organisation (12) Ref.
Par. 2.3; Assign.1 from S2 pf 2014; 2015 & 2016 A/N: Copied directly as is from Tutorial Letter – might be less detailed than SG



Cost savings through reduced fuel and other transport costs
Efficient use of transport will improve business effectiveness and profitability. The Fuel-efficient fleet
management shows how effective fleet management can release typical savings of 10%.
Reduced demand for car parking
Savings can be made through not having to provide as much car parking, and using the space this frees up more
efficiently for the business. avoid proposed government charges; org. could expand;  overspill parking in nearby residential areas
Reduced business costs associated with congestion
Cutting congestion and journey times reduce lost work time due to time spent in traffic jams whilst commuting
or travelling on business.
Projecting an improved company image
Showing a commitment to improving the global and local environment, and backing this up with real actions,
can help an organization be seen as a responsible contributor to the community.
Improve relationship with employees
Travel plans can be used as a recruitment tool as well as helping to retain staff by providing wider travel choices
and by offering potential cost savings for staff in terms of their travel arrangements
Increased productivity
Reducing congestion and travel times and improving local air quality are likely to bring benefits associated with
a healthier and less stressed workforce, who may be more motivated with less absenteeism.
Author’s Notes
Notes from Previous Student: Way of Remembering E.F.F.E.C.T.‘s
1) Efficient fleets: Cost savings through reduced fuel and transport costs – fuel
2) Fitness of employees &  business costs from congestion:  work-time lost, improve local air quality / stress / health / energy
3) Fees/infrastructure -  car parking demand –  congestion, improve safety, infrastructure, reduce spaces / land for parking
and reduce overspill into communities
4) Employee relationship – promote travel plans / flexi time / cost savings / travel perks
5) Contributions to community & Projecting an improved company image– real actions
6) Travel time reduce - Increase productivity – reduce congestion and improve air quality = less absenteeism


6) [PEx2] SEQ There are various steps which are considered important in the Transport Environment Management
Systems (EMS). Fully discuss & explain these steps as applicable (18) Ref. Par.2.4; 2016-S1-Assign.1
(identify issues / nature / impact)
Step 1: Initial Review & Management Commitment
- aims to identify some of environmental issues appropriate to nature and scale of activities, products or
services of organisation
- this allows for key aspects of company activity that have impact on environment to be identified and their
significance considered
(incl. consideration for all associated with org.)
Step 2: Establish Environmental Policy
- needs to cover all environmental issues identified in initial review
- careful consideration should be given to the impacts of all transport associated with the organisation,
including commuting, business travel, deliveries, visitor travel and logistics services provider
(legislation / regulations / taking initial reviews into account)
Step 3: Planning
- includes identification of environmental aspects and evaluation of associated environmental impacts
- approaches used to identify aspects do not dismiss transport-related impacts as outside scope of EMS, and
that any potentially significant effects arising from these sources are identified at this stage in process