Pervious questions Geo ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT FALL-2021/2022 SOLUTION GUARANTEED GRADE A+

Which two elements are the most common in the crust? • A. iron and magnesium • B. potassium and magnesium • C. silicon and oxygen Which element comprises about 8% of the crust? • A. silicon • B. iron • C. aluminum Which of the following techniques is the MOST diagnostic or reliable? • A. color • B. hardness • C. cleavage Question 4 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points Which of the following is considered to be composed of a mineral? • A. lab-grown diamond • C. icicle • D. coal • E. glass (un-ordered atoms) Question 5 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points The periodic table provides a lot of information. Which of the following is NOT provided by the periodic table? • A. element name • B. atomic mass • C. isotope number Question 6 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points The way a mineral reflects light is called what? • A. fracture • B. cleavage • C. luster Question 7 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points A silicate tetrahedron is composed of what? • A. four oxygen atoms and four silicon atoms • B. one oxygen atom and four silicon atoms Feedback: 3.3 Silicate Minerals Question 8 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which type of bond would you expect to find in gold? • A. ionic • B. covalent • C. metallic Question 9 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points The tendency of a mineral to break along certain planes to make smooth surfaces is called what? • A. luster • B. fracture • C. cleavage Feedback: 3.5.5 Cleavage and Fracture Feedback: 3.3 Silicate Minerals Question 11 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus? • A. proton • B. neutron • C. electron Feedback: 3.1.1 Question 12 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Point Which type of bond involves the transfer of electrons? • A. covalent • B. metallic • C. ionic Feedback: 3.1.3 Chemical Bonding Feedback: 3.3 Silicate Minerals Part 2 of 2 - Science of Geology 40.0/ 48.0 Points Question 14 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which of the following is the best definition of geology? • A. Geology is the study of how the environment is affected by humans and activities, including resource use and population growth. • B. Geology is the study of matter, energy, and the natural and physical forces that act on and between them. • C. Geology is the study of how the Earth was made, its composition and structure. This includes natural forces acting on the Earth as well as how life has changed over time. Feedback: 1.4 Why Study Geology? Module 1: Science of Geology Question 15 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Point Which type of geologist studies the geology of airborne electromagnetics, gravity, magnetics, magnetotellurics, radiometrics, rock properties, and seismicity? • A. seismologist • B. paleontologist • C. geophysicist Feedback: 1.4 Why Study Geology? • B. earthquakes • C. current life Feedback: 1 Understanding Science Question 17 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which type of fieldnotes is the recording of factual data? • A. reflective • B. informational • C. descriptive Feedback: Geologic Tools • B. since scientists don’t make mistakes it is not necessary to follow the direct path of the method • C. because it may be necessary to re-evaluate your hypothesis Feedback: 1.1.1 The Scientific Method Question 19 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which type of geologist studies past life and its preservation? • A. mineralogist • B. geophysicist • C. paleontologist • B. topographic • C. geologic Feedback: Module 1: Science of Geology Question 21 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Geology is unique because geologists rely on information and data from: • A. the present • B. the past • C. the present and the past • B. is how often an earthquake occurs • C. if stress is put on a fault, an earthquake may result Feedback: 1.1.1 The Scientific Method Question 23 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis? • A. a hypothesis is an educated guess • B. a hypothesis explains a phenomenon • B. is one-directional. • C. can be more cyclic than linear. Feedback: 1.1.1 The Scientific Method Question 25 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points The scientific method often begins with a question. What might the next step be? • A. forming a hypothesis • B. designing an experiment • B. volcanic arc, forearc basin • C. broad mountain range, folds Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 2 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Most scientists of the time the idea of continental drift. • A. accepted • B. were unsure about • C. rejected • B. Hawaii • C. the Himalayas • D. Tahiti Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 4 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points What piece of evidence for continental drift explains why we find ancient reefs in cold climates? • A. the increase is sea level • B. the fact that continents move • C. polar wandering Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 5 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which characteristics describe divergent boundaries? • A. plates moving apart, the creation of new seafloor, and the Mid Ocean Ridge • B. deep sea trenches, the destruction of seafloor crust, and subduction • C. crust being neither created nor destroyed and shearing motion Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 6 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Oceanic plates are composed of what rock type? • A. granite • B. quartz • C. basalt • D. diorite Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 7 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Ocean-to-continent convergent boundaries can produce all but which of the following? • A. new sea-floor • B. volcanoes • C. mountains Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 8 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points Which piece of evidence renewed the scientific community's interest in continental drift? A. how the continents fit together • B. the presence of similar fossils on opposite sides of the oceans • C. paleomagnetism • D. glacial evidence in warm climates Feedback: 2.1.3 Development of Plate Tectonic Theory Question 9 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Where do island arc volcanoes form? • A. convergent boundaries. • B. hot spots • C. divergent boundaries. D. mid-ocean ridges Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 10 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points What possible driving force did Wegener consider? • A. convection in the crust • B. conduction in the mantle • C. convection in the mantle Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 11 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points The vast majority of Earth’s earthquakes and active volcanoes are located at • A. Mid Ocean Ridge • B. transform boundaries C. convergent boundaries • D. divergent boundaries Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 12 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points One possible theory is that hot spots form as a direct result of . • A. a non-stationary zone in the crust that is hotter than the surrounding area. • B. an increase in temperature due to the friction caused as plates move and bump into each other. • C. a mantle plume which causes melting at the surface allowing magma to escape. Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Question 13 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which type of boundaries involve deep sea trenches, the destruction of seafloor crust, and subduction? A. transform boundaries • B. convergent boundaries • C. divergent boundaries Feedback: 2 Plate Tectonics Part 2 of 2 - Geologic Time 32.0/ 48.0 Points Question 14 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points A fault that bisects a rock formation is younger than the rock unit according to the Principle of • A. Lateral Continuity • B. Original Horizontality • C. Cross-Cutting Relationships • D. Stratigraphy Feedback: Chapter 7 Geologic Time Question 15 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points What materials were used in the 1950s to accurately determine the age of the Earth as 4.55 billion years? • A. oceanic crust from the Northwest Pacific sea floor • B. Gneisses from the continental shields • C. Meteorites • D. Xenoliths from the outer core • E. Zircons from Australia Feedback: Since meteorites are stuff left over at the time of the formation of the Earth and solar system, they were used to determine the age of the Earth as part of that process. Question 16 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points Which best describes half life? • A. Half time between a decay • B. Time for half of a radioactive sample to decay • C. Time for half of a single radioactive atom to decay • D. Half of the time between a decay Feedback: When one half life is passed, half of the parent atoms have decayed. Question 17 of 25 0.0 / 4.0 Points Which stratigraphic principle states the fact that sedimentary rocks are deposited in layers perpendicular to the direction of gravity? • A. Original horizontality • B. Superposition • C. Cross-cutting relations • D. Faunal succession • E. Lateral continuity Feedback: Original horizontality states that layered rocks start out in horizontal layers perpendicular to gravity. Question 18 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points In a series of undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layers are • A. On the bottom • B. On the top • C. variable depending on location Feedback: Chapter 7 Geologic Time Question 19 of 25 4.0 / 4.0 Points Which kind of unconformity is probably the hardest to recognize among layered rocks? • A. Disconformity • B. Paraconformity • C. Non-depositional unconformity