BIOCHEMISTRY LECTURE / FIRST SEMESTER
NUCLEIC ACIDS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEIC
I. Define nucleic acids ACIDS
II. Describe the makeup of nucleosides, nucleotides,
III. oligonucleotides and polynucleotides Nucleic acids are organic compound consisted of
IV. Describe the primary structure of DNA and RNA, and the chains of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of
secondary and tertiary structure of DNA phosphoric acid, monosaccharide, and an organic
V. Explain how replication takes place base.
VI. Explain how transcription takes place The nucleotides found in cells derivatives of the
heterocyclic highly basic compounds, purine and
VII. Know the three types of RNA and identify the role of
pyrimidine.
each in translation
WHAT IS NUCLEIC ACIDS?
Biologically occurring polynucleotides in which the
nucleotide residues are linked in a specific sequence by
phosphodiester bonds
Nucleic acids are very long polymers that store information
Monomeric Unit: Nucleotide
Nucleotide BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEOTIDE:
– Phosphorylated Nucleoside
→ Nucleoside is a base covalently linked to a pentose MONOSACCHARIODES
FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
Serving as energy stores for future use in phosphate
transfer reactions
Forming a portion of several important coenzymes
– NAD+, NADP+, FAD, Coenzyme-A
Serving as mediators of numerous important cellular
processes
BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEOTIDE:
PROPERTIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS PHOSPORIC ACID
Each nucleotide has three (3) parts:
- A pentose
-A phosphate group
-An organic nitrogen-containing base
There are five different types of nucleotides
Information is encoded in the nucleic acid by different
sequences of these nucleotides
SOPHIA NICOLE POSERIO MACAM
UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA
BSN- 14
NUCLEIC ACIDS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEIC
I. Define nucleic acids ACIDS
II. Describe the makeup of nucleosides, nucleotides,
III. oligonucleotides and polynucleotides Nucleic acids are organic compound consisted of
IV. Describe the primary structure of DNA and RNA, and the chains of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of
secondary and tertiary structure of DNA phosphoric acid, monosaccharide, and an organic
V. Explain how replication takes place base.
VI. Explain how transcription takes place The nucleotides found in cells derivatives of the
heterocyclic highly basic compounds, purine and
VII. Know the three types of RNA and identify the role of
pyrimidine.
each in translation
WHAT IS NUCLEIC ACIDS?
Biologically occurring polynucleotides in which the
nucleotide residues are linked in a specific sequence by
phosphodiester bonds
Nucleic acids are very long polymers that store information
Monomeric Unit: Nucleotide
Nucleotide BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEOTIDE:
– Phosphorylated Nucleoside
→ Nucleoside is a base covalently linked to a pentose MONOSACCHARIODES
FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
Serving as energy stores for future use in phosphate
transfer reactions
Forming a portion of several important coenzymes
– NAD+, NADP+, FAD, Coenzyme-A
Serving as mediators of numerous important cellular
processes
BUILDING BLOCKS OF NUCLEOTIDE:
PROPERTIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS PHOSPORIC ACID
Each nucleotide has three (3) parts:
- A pentose
-A phosphate group
-An organic nitrogen-containing base
There are five different types of nucleotides
Information is encoded in the nucleic acid by different
sequences of these nucleotides
SOPHIA NICOLE POSERIO MACAM
UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA
BSN- 14
