Question 1 (1 point)
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You have been investigating the human health effects of a
factory that has been releasing contaminated water into a
river from which local communities draw their drinking water.
The toxin in question is known to cause liver cancer in lab
rats. To determine whether pollution in the river is affecting
human health, you randomly sample 200 people living in the
community upstream from the factory (that don’t drink the
polluted water) and 200 individuals that live downstream
(hence they do drink the contaminated water). For each
person sampled, you perform a liver enzyme test to look for
the tell tale signs of liver cancer. The test results are either:
unlikely, possible, likely. What type of statistical test would be
best suited to analyze these data?
Question 1 options:
a) Paired-sample t-test
b) Single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA)
c) Chi-square test
d) 2-sample t-test
e) Regression
Question 2 (1 point)
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Sarine is an anthropologist who has been studying stress
hormones in people over the winter months. She collects
blood samples from 10 random people in a city, 10 random
people from the suburbs, and 10 random people from rural
,areas. For each sample, she measures the level of stress
hormones in ug/ml. What statistical test should be used to
evaluate whether there are differences in stress hormones
among people living in different locations?
Question 2 options:
a) 2-sample t-test
b) Paired-sample t-test
c) Single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA)
d) Regression
e) Chi-square test
Question 3 (1 point)
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Which of the following questions should be analyzed using a
1- tailed t-test?
Question 3 options:
a) Is there a statistical association among university undergraduates between amount of exercise per
day and performance on final exams?
b) How does the runoff from road salt impact aquatic communities?
c) Does consumption of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables reduce the risk of colorectal cancer?
d) Is there a difference in headache relief between the two popular headache remedies Advil® and
Tylenol®?
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Question 4 (1 point)
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Which of the following statements about statistical errors is
TRUE?
Question 4 options:
a) Type II error is the probability of rejecting a null hypothesis when it is true and is not set by
the researcher but depends largely on sample size.
b) Type II error is the probability of rejecting a null hypothesis when it is false and is not set by
the researcher but depends largely on sample size.
c) Type I error is the probability of rejecting a null hypothesis when it is true and is set by the researcher.
d) Type I error is the probability of rejecting a null hypothesis when it is false and is set by the
researcher.
Question 5 (1 point)
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The F-test is used for some of the statistical tests that were
covered in the course. What does the F-ratio represent?
Question 5 options:
a) Sampling bias
b) Residual variation
c) Distance between the observed and expected frequencies