Question 1
In Ebbinghaus's studies of memory, what was the dependent variable?
pretesting practice time
list length
memory retention
delay between learning and relearning
Question 2
John Watson's studies of rats running through mazes demonstrated that rats had learned to use their
_____ to navigate.
whiskers
vision and hearing
sense of smell
automatic set of motor habits
Question 3
In Watson's studies, what was found to impair rats' ability to navigate through mazes they had
previously learned?
blinding the rats
removing the rats' whiskers
rotating the maze
eliminating all odors in the maze
Question 4
How did Estes differ from Hull and other learning theorists at that time?
Estes viewed learning as the development of associations between a stimulus and a response.
Estes's methods were not precise enough.
Estes believed random variation is essential for learning.
Estes's ideas marked the ending of mathematical models in psychology.