Pharm Final Study Guide.
Pharmacology Final Exam & NCLEX Suggestions
1. Cardiac Glycosides
a. Digoxin (Lanoxin)- Used for HF. .125 dose
i. Monitor pulse- Have patient demonstrate correct way to read pulse,
verbally repeat what we taught, answer questions correctly about process.
ii. Levels: 0.8 – 2.0 ng/ mL
b. Coumadin (Warfarin) (Blood thinner) – Cardiac Glycoside
i. INR
1. 2-3 if on warfarin
2. 0.8-1.2 normal person not on warfarin.
3. Would be very high if bleeding internally.
ii. Antibiotics
iii. Consistent amount of Vitamin K
2. ACE Inhibitors (Lisinopril) (Benazepril)
a. Dilate venules and arterioles, improving renal blood flow and decreasing blood
fluid volume.
b. Blood pressure meds (anti-hypertensive).
c. Monitor for dry cough
d. Given for HTN
e. Monitor BP.
3. BiDil
a. FDA approval for treating HF, especially in African Americans.
4. AntiHypertensives / Diuretics
a. Hydrochlorathiazide (HCTZ)- BP medicine. Potassium wasting drug not
potassium sparing.
i. Monitor BP.
ii. Peripheral edema.
iii. Orthostatic Hypotension.
iv. Dizziness, confusion.
v. Monitor potassium
labs. 1. 3.5-5
** Patient will also be on potassium. Monitor hypokalemia. If low, give hold med, OJ and call the
doctor.
vi. Hypokalemia
1. Weakness, fatigue, arrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia.
b. Diuretics (Lasix or Furosemide) – Diuretics produce increased urine output by
inhibiting sodium and water reabsorption from the kidney tubules.
i. Give AM, daily weight. (report weight changes above 2 pounds)
ii. Loop diuretic
iii. Potassium wasting drug (3.5-5)
c. Aldactone (Spironolactone) (Potassium Sparing Diuretic)
i. Also used to treat HF.
ii. No salt substitutes.
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 01-27-2022 09:15:30 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24357693/Pharm-Final-Study-Guidedocx/
, Pharm Final Study Guide.
1. Hyponatremia
iii. Hyperkalemia
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 01-27-2022 09:15:30 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24357693/Pharm-Final-Study-Guidedocx/
Pharmacology Final Exam & NCLEX Suggestions
1. Cardiac Glycosides
a. Digoxin (Lanoxin)- Used for HF. .125 dose
i. Monitor pulse- Have patient demonstrate correct way to read pulse,
verbally repeat what we taught, answer questions correctly about process.
ii. Levels: 0.8 – 2.0 ng/ mL
b. Coumadin (Warfarin) (Blood thinner) – Cardiac Glycoside
i. INR
1. 2-3 if on warfarin
2. 0.8-1.2 normal person not on warfarin.
3. Would be very high if bleeding internally.
ii. Antibiotics
iii. Consistent amount of Vitamin K
2. ACE Inhibitors (Lisinopril) (Benazepril)
a. Dilate venules and arterioles, improving renal blood flow and decreasing blood
fluid volume.
b. Blood pressure meds (anti-hypertensive).
c. Monitor for dry cough
d. Given for HTN
e. Monitor BP.
3. BiDil
a. FDA approval for treating HF, especially in African Americans.
4. AntiHypertensives / Diuretics
a. Hydrochlorathiazide (HCTZ)- BP medicine. Potassium wasting drug not
potassium sparing.
i. Monitor BP.
ii. Peripheral edema.
iii. Orthostatic Hypotension.
iv. Dizziness, confusion.
v. Monitor potassium
labs. 1. 3.5-5
** Patient will also be on potassium. Monitor hypokalemia. If low, give hold med, OJ and call the
doctor.
vi. Hypokalemia
1. Weakness, fatigue, arrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia.
b. Diuretics (Lasix or Furosemide) – Diuretics produce increased urine output by
inhibiting sodium and water reabsorption from the kidney tubules.
i. Give AM, daily weight. (report weight changes above 2 pounds)
ii. Loop diuretic
iii. Potassium wasting drug (3.5-5)
c. Aldactone (Spironolactone) (Potassium Sparing Diuretic)
i. Also used to treat HF.
ii. No salt substitutes.
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 01-27-2022 09:15:30 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24357693/Pharm-Final-Study-Guidedocx/
, Pharm Final Study Guide.
1. Hyponatremia
iii. Hyperkalemia
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 01-27-2022 09:15:30 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/24357693/Pharm-Final-Study-Guidedocx/
