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NCLEX QUESTIONS
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ELECTROLYTES
1. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. On assessment, the nurse notes
that the client is dyspneic and crackles are audible on auscultation. What
additional signs would the nurse expect to note in this client if excess fluid volume
is present?
1. Weight loss
2. Flat neck and hand veins
3. An increase in blood pressure
4. Decreased central venous pressure (CVP)
3. An increase in blood pressure
2. The nurse is preparing to care for a client with a potassium deficit. The nurse
reviews the client's record and determines that the client was at risk for
developing the potassium deficit because of which situation?
1. Sustained tissue damage
2. Requires nasogastric suction
3. Has a history of Addison's disease
4. Is taking a potassium-retaining diuretic
2. Requires nasogastric suction
3. The nurse reviews a client's electrolyte laboratory report and notes that
the potassium level is 2.5 mEq/L. Which pattern would the nurse note on
the electrocardiogram as a result of the laboratory value?
1. U waves
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2. Absent P waves
3. Elevated T waves
4. Elevated ST segment
1. U waves
4. The nurse provides instructions to a client with a low potassium level about the
foods that are high in potassium and tells the client to consume which foods?
Select all that apply.
1. Peas
2. Raisins
3. Potatoes
4. Cantaloupe
5. Cauliflower
6. Strawberries
o 2. Raisins
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o 3. Potatoes
o 4. Cantaloupe
o 6. Strawberries
5. The nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client's serum sodium
level is 150 mEq/L. The nurse reports the serum sodium level to the health care
provider (HCP) and the HCP prescribes dietary instructions based on the
sodium level. Which food item does the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
1. Peas
2. Nuts
3. Cauliflower
4. Processed oat cereals
4. Processed oat cereals
6. The nurse is assessing a client with a suspected diagnosis of hypocalcemia.
Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to note in the client?
1. Twitching
2. Hypoactive bowel sounds
3. Negative Trousseau's sign
4. Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes
1. Twitching
7. The nurse caring for a client with hypocalcemia would expect to note which
change on the electrocardiogram (ECG)?
1. Widened T wave
2. Prominent U wave
3. Prolonged QT interval
4. Shortened ST segment
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3. Prolonged QT interval
8. The nurse reviews the electrolyte results of an assigned client and notes that the
potassium level is 5.7 mEq/L. Which finding would the nurse expect to note on
the electrocardiogram as a result of the laboratory value?
1. ST depression
2. Inverted T wave
3. Prominent U wave
4. Tall peaked T waves
4. Tall peaked T waves
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