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Chapter 28: Drugs Used for Diuresis
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a
thiazide diuretic?
a. No change in the antidiabetic regimen
b. Decreased need for antidiabetic medication
c. Increased blood sugar levels
d. Less frequent monitoring of blood sugar level
ANS: C
The thiazides may induce hyperglycemia and aggravate cases of preexisting diabetes mellitus.
Regular assessment for glycosuria is indicated. Dosages of oral hypoglycemics and insulin may
need adjustment in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thiazides affect glucose metabolism, and
the patient should change her regimen to accommodate this. Thiazides have the opposite
effect on glucose metabolism. More frequent monitoring is warranted when the patient is
being treated with thiazide diuretics.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 465 OBJ: 4
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
2. When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics, the nurse will encourage the
patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte?
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Potassium
d. Magnesium
ANS: C
Thiazide diuretics cause a decrease in the level of potassium. The patient taking thiazide
diuretics does not need to increase calcium or magnesium intake. Although sodium levels are
altered in patients taking thiazide diuretics, patients do not need to increase sodium intake.
DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprehensionREF: p. 459 OBJ: 4
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. On admission, a patient with a history of cardiac insufficiency complains of shortness of
breath. The nurse auscultates the lungs and notes bilateral crackles throughout both fields.
In addition, there is bilateral +2 edema of the lower extremities. Which medication does the
nurse anticipate that the health care provider will prescribe?
a. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
c. Mannitol
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d. Furosemide (Lasix)
ANS: D
Diuretics, such as furosemide, are the mainstays of treatment in heart failure and
hypertension. Allopurinol is used to treat gout. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and is
not used for diuresis. Mannitol is used mainly to treat cerebral edema.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 461 OBJ: 4 | 6
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
4. Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic?
a. Acetazolamide (Diamox)
b. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
c. Furosemide (Lasix)
d. Bumetanide (Bumex)
ANS: B
Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that blocks the sodium retaining and
potassium and magnesium excreting properties of aldosterone. This results in loss of water,
with increased sodium excretion and retention of potassium. Acetazolamide is a carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor and does not spare potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic. Bumetanide
is a loop diuretic and does not spare potassium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 467 OBJ: N/A
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
5. How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of
furosemide (Lasix) intravenously (IV) to a patient with heart failure?
a. As soon as injected
b. Within 10 minutes
c. After 2 hours
d. After 4 hours
ANS: B
The onset of diuresis following IV furosemide administration is 5 to 10 minutes after
administration. The diuretic effect peaks within 30 minutes and lasts approximately 2 hours.
DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprehensionREF: p. 461 OBJ: 6
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
6. Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics?
a. Protein-rich foods such as poultry, whole grains, and fish
b. Fiber-rich foods such as yellow vegetables, nuts, and lentils
c. Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas
d. Sodium-rich foods such as canned vegetables and processed foods
ANS: C
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Chapter 28: Drugs Used for Diuresis
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What would the nurse anticipate if a patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is prescribed a
thiazide diuretic?
a. No change in the antidiabetic regimen
b. Decreased need for antidiabetic medication
c. Increased blood sugar levels
d. Less frequent monitoring of blood sugar level
ANS: C
The thiazides may induce hyperglycemia and aggravate cases of preexisting diabetes mellitus.
Regular assessment for glycosuria is indicated. Dosages of oral hypoglycemics and insulin may
need adjustment in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thiazides affect glucose metabolism, and
the patient should change her regimen to accommodate this. Thiazides have the opposite
effect on glucose metabolism. More frequent monitoring is warranted when the patient is
being treated with thiazide diuretics.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 465 OBJ: 4
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
2. When teaching a patient who is taking thiazide diuretics, the nurse will encourage the
patient to increase the intake of which electrolyte?
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Potassium
d. Magnesium
ANS: C
Thiazide diuretics cause a decrease in the level of potassium. The patient taking thiazide
diuretics does not need to increase calcium or magnesium intake. Although sodium levels are
altered in patients taking thiazide diuretics, patients do not need to increase sodium intake.
DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprehensionREF: p. 459 OBJ: 4
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. On admission, a patient with a history of cardiac insufficiency complains of shortness of
breath. The nurse auscultates the lungs and notes bilateral crackles throughout both fields.
In addition, there is bilateral +2 edema of the lower extremities. Which medication does the
nurse anticipate that the health care provider will prescribe?
a. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
b. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
c. Mannitol
This study source was downloaded by 100000761823232 from CourseHero.com on 04-12-2021 14:45:43 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/19255142/ch29/
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d. Furosemide (Lasix)
ANS: D
Diuretics, such as furosemide, are the mainstays of treatment in heart failure and
hypertension. Allopurinol is used to treat gout. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and is
not used for diuresis. Mannitol is used mainly to treat cerebral edema.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 461 OBJ: 4 | 6
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
4. Which medication is a potassium sparing diuretic?
a. Acetazolamide (Diamox)
b. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
c. Furosemide (Lasix)
d. Bumetanide (Bumex)
ANS: B
Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that blocks the sodium retaining and
potassium and magnesium excreting properties of aldosterone. This results in loss of water,
with increased sodium excretion and retention of potassium. Acetazolamide is a carbonic
anhydrase inhibitor and does not spare potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic. Bumetanide
is a loop diuretic and does not spare potassium.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 467 OBJ: N/A
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
5. How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of
furosemide (Lasix) intravenously (IV) to a patient with heart failure?
a. As soon as injected
b. Within 10 minutes
c. After 2 hours
d. After 4 hours
ANS: B
The onset of diuresis following IV furosemide administration is 5 to 10 minutes after
administration. The diuretic effect peaks within 30 minutes and lasts approximately 2 hours.
DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprehensionREF: p. 461 OBJ: 6
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
6. Which foods will the nurse recommend for a patient taking loop diuretics?
a. Protein-rich foods such as poultry, whole grains, and fish
b. Fiber-rich foods such as yellow vegetables, nuts, and lentils
c. Potassium-rich foods such as raisins, figs, and bananas
d. Sodium-rich foods such as canned vegetables and processed foods
ANS: C
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