Material Balance Bypass
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠 Main Unit
Splitter Mixer
Steady State Material Balance
0 = 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑖𝑛 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠 Subsystem
Overall S
Nonreactive Steady State Material Balance
𝑖𝑛 + 0 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 0
Recycle with purge
𝑖𝑛 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡
Main Unit
Mixer Separato
Overall Material Balance
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑢𝑡
Component Material Balance
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 (𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 )
, Density ˚TW Pressure
𝑚 𝑆𝐺 − 1 𝐹 𝑚𝑔
𝜌= °𝑇𝑊 = 𝑝= =
𝑉 0.0005 𝐴 𝐴
𝑝 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) ˚BX 𝑔
𝑝 = 𝜌( )ℎ
𝜌𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑔𝑐
𝑆𝐺 = °𝐵𝑥 = 231.61(𝑆𝐺 − 0.9977)
𝜌𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
Pressure in open co
Temperature
˚API 𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ + 𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑚
(𝑇℉ − 32℉)
141.5 𝑇℃ =
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5 ℉
60℉ 1.8
℃
𝑆𝐺 Absolute pressure
60℉ ℉
𝑇℉ = 1.8 (𝑇℃ ) + 32℉ 𝑝𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 𝑝𝑔𝑎𝑢𝑔𝑒 + 𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑚
℃
˚Be 𝑇𝐾 = 𝑇℃ + 273.15
Heavier than H2O 𝑇°𝑅 = 𝑇℉ + 459.67 Force exerted by flui
145
°𝐵𝑒 = 145 − 𝐹𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 = 𝑚𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 𝑔 = 𝜌𝑉𝑔
𝑆𝐺
Lighter than H2O Change in Temperature Relations
145 ∆℃ = ∆𝐾 ∆℉ = ∆°𝑅 Pressure Balance (u
°𝐵𝑒 = − 130
𝑆𝐺
∆℃ = 1.8∆℉ ∆𝐾 = 1.8∆°𝑅 𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡 = 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
140
Other sources use instead
𝑆𝐺
m: mass V: volume g: gravity gc: force and mass relation A: area patm: atmospheric pressure MW: molecular weight R: gas constant pvapor: partial pressure of vapor
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠 Main Unit
Splitter Mixer
Steady State Material Balance
0 = 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 − 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑖𝑛 + 𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠 Subsystem
Overall S
Nonreactive Steady State Material Balance
𝑖𝑛 + 0 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 0
Recycle with purge
𝑖𝑛 = 𝑜𝑢𝑡
Main Unit
Mixer Separato
Overall Material Balance
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑢𝑡
Component Material Balance
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑚𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 (𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 )
, Density ˚TW Pressure
𝑚 𝑆𝐺 − 1 𝐹 𝑚𝑔
𝜌= °𝑇𝑊 = 𝑝= =
𝑉 0.0005 𝐴 𝐴
𝑝 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) ˚BX 𝑔
𝑝 = 𝜌( )ℎ
𝜌𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑔𝑐
𝑆𝐺 = °𝐵𝑥 = 231.61(𝑆𝐺 − 0.9977)
𝜌𝑟𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
Pressure in open co
Temperature
˚API 𝑝𝑡𝑜𝑡 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ + 𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑚
(𝑇℉ − 32℉)
141.5 𝑇℃ =
°𝐴𝑃𝐼 = − 131.5 ℉
60℉ 1.8
℃
𝑆𝐺 Absolute pressure
60℉ ℉
𝑇℉ = 1.8 (𝑇℃ ) + 32℉ 𝑝𝑎𝑏𝑠 = 𝑝𝑔𝑎𝑢𝑔𝑒 + 𝑝𝑎𝑡𝑚
℃
˚Be 𝑇𝐾 = 𝑇℃ + 273.15
Heavier than H2O 𝑇°𝑅 = 𝑇℉ + 459.67 Force exerted by flui
145
°𝐵𝑒 = 145 − 𝐹𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 = 𝑚𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 𝑔 = 𝜌𝑉𝑔
𝑆𝐺
Lighter than H2O Change in Temperature Relations
145 ∆℃ = ∆𝐾 ∆℉ = ∆°𝑅 Pressure Balance (u
°𝐵𝑒 = − 130
𝑆𝐺
∆℃ = 1.8∆℉ ∆𝐾 = 1.8∆°𝑅 𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑓𝑡 = 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
140
Other sources use instead
𝑆𝐺
m: mass V: volume g: gravity gc: force and mass relation A: area patm: atmospheric pressure MW: molecular weight R: gas constant pvapor: partial pressure of vapor