NURS 3632 EXAM 5- NDEE STUDY GUIDE
Terms:
1. concentration of particles in a solution, or a
solution’s pulling power
Osmolarity
2. substance capable of breaking into ions and developing an
electric charge when dissolved in solution
Electrolyte
3. ion that carries a positive electric charge
Cation
4. ion that carries a negative electric charge
Anion
5. substance dissolved in a solution
Solute
6. liquid holding a substance in solution
Solvent
7. abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen
Ascites
8. passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane
from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration until
equilibrium is established
Osmosis
9. movement of ions or molecules across cell membranes,
usually against a pressure gradient and with the expenditure of metabolic
energy
Active Transport
10. tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from
an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium
is established
Diffusion
11. having about the same concentration as the solution with
which it is being compared
Isotonic
12. two solutions that have the same osmotic pressure across a
semipermeable membrane
Hypertonic
13. having a lesser concentration than the solution with which it
is being compared
15.
14. the action or process of filtering something accumul
ation of
1
,fluid in extracellular spaces Hypotonic
Filtration
2
, Edema
FLUID
A. Describe the location and functions of body fluids, their distribution, including
the factors that affect variations in fluid compartments.
40
20
Location Function Distribution
Extracellular fluid
A co u n t
Interstitial flu id F lu id th at
tissue cells and
Helps bring oxygen
and nutrients to
2lym0p
csurrounds cells and remove
waste products
for of h%
Intravascular fluidFound within the Liquid component
(plasma)bo vadscyular system
adult of blood
weCiegrehbrtospinal, Lubricates parietal
Transcellularpericardial, synovial, and visceral
intraocular, pleural fields surfaces to
decrease friction
16. (Fat/muscle) holds more fluid.
muscle
B. Describe the basic concepts of body fluids, electrolytes, and maintenance
of homeostasis.
3
, 17. What is the primary body fluid?
a. water
18. What is the total body percentage of fluid in the average adult?
a. 60%
19. What factors influence the percentage of body fluid in an individual?
a. Age, body fat, sex
20. How are body fluid levels maintained?
a. Fluid intake is regulated by the mechanism. Within the
the thirst center is stimulated by
dehydration
thirst, hypothalamus, intracellular
21. the loss of or deprivation of water from the body or tissues
Intracellular dehydration
22. substances that are capable of breaking into particles called
ions
Electrolytes
23. Sodium, potassium, calcium, hydrogen, and magnesium are major (anions/cations)
in the body, and chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate are the major
(anions/cations).
Cations, anions
24. Major electrolytes in the potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium,
while major electrolytes in the include sodium, chloride, calcium,
and bicarbonate
C. Describe the function of water in the body
25. What is the function of water in the body?
a. Regulates body temperature
b. Transports:
i. Nutrients
ii. waste
iii. Energy to sites of activity
c. Lubrication of:
i. joint spaces
ii. tissue
d. Solvent for electrolytes and non-electrolytes
e. Facilitates digestion & elimination
f. Maintains hydrostatic pressure in cardiovascular system
26. Why do fluids move?
a. To remove waste
b. Cells to feed themselves
c. Send and receive messages
d. Chemical substances
4
Terms:
1. concentration of particles in a solution, or a
solution’s pulling power
Osmolarity
2. substance capable of breaking into ions and developing an
electric charge when dissolved in solution
Electrolyte
3. ion that carries a positive electric charge
Cation
4. ion that carries a negative electric charge
Anion
5. substance dissolved in a solution
Solute
6. liquid holding a substance in solution
Solvent
7. abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen
Ascites
8. passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane
from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration until
equilibrium is established
Osmosis
9. movement of ions or molecules across cell membranes,
usually against a pressure gradient and with the expenditure of metabolic
energy
Active Transport
10. tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from
an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium
is established
Diffusion
11. having about the same concentration as the solution with
which it is being compared
Isotonic
12. two solutions that have the same osmotic pressure across a
semipermeable membrane
Hypertonic
13. having a lesser concentration than the solution with which it
is being compared
15.
14. the action or process of filtering something accumul
ation of
1
,fluid in extracellular spaces Hypotonic
Filtration
2
, Edema
FLUID
A. Describe the location and functions of body fluids, their distribution, including
the factors that affect variations in fluid compartments.
40
20
Location Function Distribution
Extracellular fluid
A co u n t
Interstitial flu id F lu id th at
tissue cells and
Helps bring oxygen
and nutrients to
2lym0p
csurrounds cells and remove
waste products
for of h%
Intravascular fluidFound within the Liquid component
(plasma)bo vadscyular system
adult of blood
weCiegrehbrtospinal, Lubricates parietal
Transcellularpericardial, synovial, and visceral
intraocular, pleural fields surfaces to
decrease friction
16. (Fat/muscle) holds more fluid.
muscle
B. Describe the basic concepts of body fluids, electrolytes, and maintenance
of homeostasis.
3
, 17. What is the primary body fluid?
a. water
18. What is the total body percentage of fluid in the average adult?
a. 60%
19. What factors influence the percentage of body fluid in an individual?
a. Age, body fat, sex
20. How are body fluid levels maintained?
a. Fluid intake is regulated by the mechanism. Within the
the thirst center is stimulated by
dehydration
thirst, hypothalamus, intracellular
21. the loss of or deprivation of water from the body or tissues
Intracellular dehydration
22. substances that are capable of breaking into particles called
ions
Electrolytes
23. Sodium, potassium, calcium, hydrogen, and magnesium are major (anions/cations)
in the body, and chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate are the major
(anions/cations).
Cations, anions
24. Major electrolytes in the potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium,
while major electrolytes in the include sodium, chloride, calcium,
and bicarbonate
C. Describe the function of water in the body
25. What is the function of water in the body?
a. Regulates body temperature
b. Transports:
i. Nutrients
ii. waste
iii. Energy to sites of activity
c. Lubrication of:
i. joint spaces
ii. tissue
d. Solvent for electrolytes and non-electrolytes
e. Facilitates digestion & elimination
f. Maintains hydrostatic pressure in cardiovascular system
26. Why do fluids move?
a. To remove waste
b. Cells to feed themselves
c. Send and receive messages
d. Chemical substances
4
