Nutrition ATI; ATI Nutrition exam
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Nutrition ATI
Intro/Macronutrients
carbs: 45-65%, imp for cardiac and CNS
glycogen: stored carb in liver and muscles and released in between meals to help regulate blood sugar levels
4 cal/g
proteins: 10-15%
0.8 g/kg of weight
4 cal/g
fx: tissue building, metabolism, immune function, neutral nitrogen balance, wound healing
9 essential AA – complete proteins ex. red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, soybeans, and quinoa
incomplete proteins: lack essential AA
o combined can form a complete protein: rice + beans
o Marasmus: total caloric deficiency
weight loss, muscle wasting, dehydration, chronic diarrhea, stomach shrinkage
starvation is a form of this disorder
o Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency
edema, puffy or swollen d/t fluid retention, bulging of abdomen, inability to grow or gain weight,
accumulation of fat in liver, anemia, skin lesions
fats: 20-35%
<7-10% saturated fats of total daily intake
9 cal/g
stored energy, provide padding and insulation, imp for hormone product production, absorption of fat soluble vitamins
cholesterol 200-300mg/day
fiber:
women: 25 g/day
males: 38 g/day
Vitamins
fat soluble: ADEK
o overdose/toxicity bc stored in body
o conditions that impair fat soluble vitamins absorption: Cystic fibrosis, Celiac, Crohn’s = 3C’s
o vit A: vision health, skeletal and soft tissue development, strength foods – found in orange and yellow fruit, veggies
like carrots, apricots, cantaloupe, fatty fish, eggs, liver, dairy – xeropthalmia
o vit D: helps with calcium absorption and phosphorus, bone mineralization – sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs
deficiency: rickets or bone loss
o vit E: antioxidant – protects cells from damage – vegetable oil, nuts, dark green vegetables, whole grains
deficiency: muscle pain, weakness, poor balance
o vit K: blood clotting – dark green veggies, carrots, eggs
deficiency: bleeding time
antidote for warfarin/coumadin
water soluble: B complex vitamins (TRNPPC), C
o thiamine B1
o riboflavin B2
o niacin B3
o pantothenic acid B5
o pyridoxine B6
o cobalamin B12
o biotin
o folate
o B vit crucial for metabolism, energy, NERVOUS SYSTEM FXN
thiamine deficiency – Beriberi (ataxia, confusion, anorexia, tachycardia) – common in those with alcohol
use disorder, headache, weight loss, fatigue
meat, grains, legumes
riboflavin deficiency – cheilosis (scales and cracks in corners of mouth), glossitis (iron def anemia, b12 def
anemia), dermatitis
milk, meat, dark leafy vegetables
niacin deficiency – pellagra (sun sensitive skin lesions, GI, neuro)
meat, legumes, milk, whole grain, enriched bread and cerelas
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study guide {latest 2020/21} A+
guide.
written by
dennys
www.stuvia.com
LECTSTEPHEN Downloaded by: dennys |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
Nutrition ATI
Intro/Macronutrients
carbs: 45-65%, imp for cardiac and CNS
glycogen: stored carb in liver and muscles and released in between meals to help regulate blood sugar levels
4 cal/g
proteins: 10-15%
0.8 g/kg of weight
4 cal/g
fx: tissue building, metabolism, immune function, neutral nitrogen balance, wound healing
9 essential AA – complete proteins ex. red meat, poultry, fish, eggs, milk, cheese, yogurt, soybeans, and quinoa
incomplete proteins: lack essential AA
o combined can form a complete protein: rice + beans
o Marasmus: total caloric deficiency
weight loss, muscle wasting, dehydration, chronic diarrhea, stomach shrinkage
starvation is a form of this disorder
o Kwashiorkor: protein deficiency
edema, puffy or swollen d/t fluid retention, bulging of abdomen, inability to grow or gain weight,
accumulation of fat in liver, anemia, skin lesions
fats: 20-35%
<7-10% saturated fats of total daily intake
9 cal/g
stored energy, provide padding and insulation, imp for hormone product production, absorption of fat soluble vitamins
cholesterol 200-300mg/day
fiber:
women: 25 g/day
males: 38 g/day
Vitamins
fat soluble: ADEK
o overdose/toxicity bc stored in body
o conditions that impair fat soluble vitamins absorption: Cystic fibrosis, Celiac, Crohn’s = 3C’s
o vit A: vision health, skeletal and soft tissue development, strength foods – found in orange and yellow fruit, veggies
like carrots, apricots, cantaloupe, fatty fish, eggs, liver, dairy – xeropthalmia
o vit D: helps with calcium absorption and phosphorus, bone mineralization – sunlight, fortified milk, fatty fish, eggs
deficiency: rickets or bone loss
o vit E: antioxidant – protects cells from damage – vegetable oil, nuts, dark green vegetables, whole grains
deficiency: muscle pain, weakness, poor balance
o vit K: blood clotting – dark green veggies, carrots, eggs
deficiency: bleeding time
antidote for warfarin/coumadin
water soluble: B complex vitamins (TRNPPC), C
o thiamine B1
o riboflavin B2
o niacin B3
o pantothenic acid B5
o pyridoxine B6
o cobalamin B12
o biotin
o folate
o B vit crucial for metabolism, energy, NERVOUS SYSTEM FXN
thiamine deficiency – Beriberi (ataxia, confusion, anorexia, tachycardia) – common in those with alcohol
use disorder, headache, weight loss, fatigue
meat, grains, legumes
riboflavin deficiency – cheilosis (scales and cracks in corners of mouth), glossitis (iron def anemia, b12 def
anemia), dermatitis
milk, meat, dark leafy vegetables
niacin deficiency – pellagra (sun sensitive skin lesions, GI, neuro)
meat, legumes, milk, whole grain, enriched bread and cerelas
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