Pharmacology Practice Quiz 4:With
100% Correct Answers
-An emergency department triage nurse is interviewing a female client who has a
history of epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures controlled by penguin (Dilantin). Which
information is most significant in planning this client's care?
(((answer)))
C. she ran out of her medication 4 days ago
Rationale: abruptly stopping anticonvulsant medications can precipitate seizures or the
development of status epilepticus)
-The nurse should instruct a client to avoid which product while taking carisoprodol
(Soma) for muscle spasms?
(((answer)))
C. alcoholic beverages
Rationale: Soma is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant that can cause CNS depression,
and can have an additive effect when taken with other CNS depressants, such as
alcohol.)
-A client calls the clinic and states that she forgot to take her oral contraceptives for the
past two days. Which instruction is best or the nurse to provide to t his client?
(((answer)))
A. take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days
Rationale: if two pills are missed the client should implement (A).)
-A 48-year-old client is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an injection of
contrast media. What pharmacologic agent is of greatest use in this situation?
(((answer)))
D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Rationale: Epinephrine is the drug of choice in treating hypotension and circulatory
failure associated with anaphylaxis because it is a potent vasoconstrictor. An
anaphylactic reaction is an acute systemic hypersensitivity reaction that occurs within
minutes of antigen exposure (such as with contrast material containing iodine) that can
result in peripheral vascular collapse.)
-A resident of a long-term care facility is taking lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to treat
bipolar disorder. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?
(((answer)))
D. Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation
, Rationale: Lithium carbonate (Eskalith) causes hypothyroidism in 1 to 4% of those
clients receiving the medication, so caregivers should assess for signs of
hypothyroidism including fatigue and constipation (early signs) and myxedema or goiter
(late symptoms))
-A 38-year-old gravid 2 para 2 is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis 9-months
postpartum. A prescription is written for metronidazole (Flagyl). Which information is
most important for the nurse to obtain from the client before initiating treatment?
(((answer)))
C. Method of infant feeding
Rationale: Flagyl is contraindicated if the woman is breastfeeding because high
concentrations have been found in infants. If flatly must be prescribed, the woman
should be instructed to pump and discard the milk during treatment and for 48 to 72
hours after the last dose.)
-A client with Paget's disease is started on calcitonin (Calcimar) 500 mpg
subcutaneously daily. During the initial treatment, what is the priority nursing action?
(((answer)))
D. The nurse's highest priority is to observe for signs of hypersensitivity, such as skin
rash, hives, or anaphylaxis.)
-When assessing a client prior to the administration of digoxin (Lanoxin), which data is
most important for the nurse to consider?
(((answer)))
C. Irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87.
Rationale: The action of digoxin is to slow the heart rate and strengthen the force of
contraction, so it is essential for the nurse to ensure that the apical pulse is within
determined parameters prior to administration.)
-The healthcare provider prescribes pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) tablets for a
client with myasthenia gravis (MG). What instruction should the nurse provide this
client?
(((answer)))
B. Take the medication 30 to 45 minutes before eating.
Rationale: Mestinon, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, increases the amount of
neuromuscular transmitters to promote muscular strength and swallowing, so the client
should take the medication at least 30 minutes before meals.)
-A client is admitted for atrial fibrillation, and the healthcare provider prescribes
disopyramide (Norpace). After explaining the action of this antidysrhythmic agent, which
complaint should the nurse instruct the client to report?
(((answer)))
C. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds
100% Correct Answers
-An emergency department triage nurse is interviewing a female client who has a
history of epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures controlled by penguin (Dilantin). Which
information is most significant in planning this client's care?
(((answer)))
C. she ran out of her medication 4 days ago
Rationale: abruptly stopping anticonvulsant medications can precipitate seizures or the
development of status epilepticus)
-The nurse should instruct a client to avoid which product while taking carisoprodol
(Soma) for muscle spasms?
(((answer)))
C. alcoholic beverages
Rationale: Soma is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant that can cause CNS depression,
and can have an additive effect when taken with other CNS depressants, such as
alcohol.)
-A client calls the clinic and states that she forgot to take her oral contraceptives for the
past two days. Which instruction is best or the nurse to provide to t his client?
(((answer)))
A. take 2 pills a day for 2 days and use an alternate method of contraception for 7 days
Rationale: if two pills are missed the client should implement (A).)
-A 48-year-old client is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an injection of
contrast media. What pharmacologic agent is of greatest use in this situation?
(((answer)))
D. Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Rationale: Epinephrine is the drug of choice in treating hypotension and circulatory
failure associated with anaphylaxis because it is a potent vasoconstrictor. An
anaphylactic reaction is an acute systemic hypersensitivity reaction that occurs within
minutes of antigen exposure (such as with contrast material containing iodine) that can
result in peripheral vascular collapse.)
-A resident of a long-term care facility is taking lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to treat
bipolar disorder. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client's caregivers?
(((answer)))
D. Report symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue and constipation
, Rationale: Lithium carbonate (Eskalith) causes hypothyroidism in 1 to 4% of those
clients receiving the medication, so caregivers should assess for signs of
hypothyroidism including fatigue and constipation (early signs) and myxedema or goiter
(late symptoms))
-A 38-year-old gravid 2 para 2 is diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis 9-months
postpartum. A prescription is written for metronidazole (Flagyl). Which information is
most important for the nurse to obtain from the client before initiating treatment?
(((answer)))
C. Method of infant feeding
Rationale: Flagyl is contraindicated if the woman is breastfeeding because high
concentrations have been found in infants. If flatly must be prescribed, the woman
should be instructed to pump and discard the milk during treatment and for 48 to 72
hours after the last dose.)
-A client with Paget's disease is started on calcitonin (Calcimar) 500 mpg
subcutaneously daily. During the initial treatment, what is the priority nursing action?
(((answer)))
D. The nurse's highest priority is to observe for signs of hypersensitivity, such as skin
rash, hives, or anaphylaxis.)
-When assessing a client prior to the administration of digoxin (Lanoxin), which data is
most important for the nurse to consider?
(((answer)))
C. Irregular apical pulse with a rate of 87.
Rationale: The action of digoxin is to slow the heart rate and strengthen the force of
contraction, so it is essential for the nurse to ensure that the apical pulse is within
determined parameters prior to administration.)
-The healthcare provider prescribes pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) tablets for a
client with myasthenia gravis (MG). What instruction should the nurse provide this
client?
(((answer)))
B. Take the medication 30 to 45 minutes before eating.
Rationale: Mestinon, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, increases the amount of
neuromuscular transmitters to promote muscular strength and swallowing, so the client
should take the medication at least 30 minutes before meals.)
-A client is admitted for atrial fibrillation, and the healthcare provider prescribes
disopyramide (Norpace). After explaining the action of this antidysrhythmic agent, which
complaint should the nurse instruct the client to report?
(((answer)))
C. Daily weight gain of 2 pounds
