RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING EDITION 9.0

RN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING EDITION 9.0 APPLICATION EXERCISES 1. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and reports difficulty following the diet and remembering to take the prescribed medication. Which of the following are appropriate actions by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) A. Ask the dietitian to assist with meal planning. B. Contact the client’s support system. C. Assess for age-related cognitive awareness. D. Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser. E. Provide educational materials for home use. 2. A nurse in a health care clinic is evaluating the level of wellness for clients using the health/wellness/ illness continuum tool. Which of the following clients is measured at the center of the continuum? A. A college student who has influenza B. An older adult who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus C. A new mother who has a urinary tract infection D. A young male who has a long history of well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis 3. A nurse is evaluating clients at a health fair for modifiable variables affecting health and wellness. The nurse identifies which of the following as a modifiable variable? (Select all that apply.) A. A male who smokes on social occasions B. A female with a BMI of 28 C. An adult with alopecia D. An adolescent with Trisomy 21 E. An infant with reflux 4. A nurse is caring for a client who was just told she has breast cancer and the nurse evaluates the client’s response. Which of the following statements by the client reflects a lack of understanding of an illness perspective? A. “I have no family history of breast cancer.” B. “I need a second opinion; there is no lump.” C. “I am glad we live in the city near several large hospitals.” D. “I will schedule surgery next week, over the holidays.” 5. A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who continues to smoke despite numerous attempts to quit and has a family history of cardiovascular disease. Which nursing interventions should the nurse use to meet the health needs of this client? Use the ATI Active Learning Template: Basic Concept to complete this item. Include the following: A. Related Content: One statement. B. Underlying Principles: One statement. C. Nursing Interventions: Minimum of 4. APPLICATION EXERCISES KEy 1. A. CORRECT: The nurse provides resources to strengthen coping abilities by asking the dietician to assist the client with meal planning. This will improve client compliance. B. CORRECT: The nurse can contact members of the client’s support system and encourage the client to use this support during times of illness and stress to improve compliance. C. INCORRECT: Assessing the client for age-related cognitive awareness is important but it is not an appropriate intervention that enhances the client’s compliance. D. CORRECT: The nurse encourages the use of a daily medication dispenser to reduce health risks and improve medication compliance by the client. E. CORRECT: The nurse provides educational materials to the client to improve health awareness and reduce health risks after discharge. NCLEX ® Connection: Physiological Adaptations, Alterations in Body Systems 2. A. INCORRECT: The client who has influenza is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. B. INCORRECT: The client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is measured by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. C. INCORRECT: The client who has a urinary tract infection is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. D. CORRECT: The client with well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis is measured at the center of the continuum, which is the client’s normal state of health. NCLEX ® Connection: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Developmental Stages and Transitions 3. A. CORRECT: The nurse identifies smoking as a modifiable variable that can be changed by providing the client with educational materials and information on smoking cessation. B. CORRECT: The nurse identifies a BMI of 28 as a modifiable variable that can be changed by providing the client with educational materials and information on weight reduction and exercising. C. INCORRECT: The nurse identifies alopecia as a nonmodifiable variable because alopecia is a genetic disorder. D. INCORRECT: The nurse identifies Trisomy 21 as a nonmodifiable variable because Trisomy 21 is genetic in origin. E. CORRECT: The nurse identifies reflux as a modifiable variable that may be changed by providing the parents with step-by-step educational information about the infant’s treatment. NCLEX Connection: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Health Promotion/Disease Prevention