Upper Respiratory Tract Drugs, Exam Questions & Answers Latest

Upper Respiratory Tract Drugs, Exam Questions & Answers Latest-A client asks, "What is the difference between antitussive medications and expectorants?" What information should the nurse's response be based upon? A. Antitussives suppress coughing while expectorants loosen bronchial secretions. B. Antitussives liquefy bronchial secretions while expectorants assist in the expectoration of those secretions. C. Both drug types loosen bronchial secretions for ease of removal. D. Antitussives kill cold viruses while expectorants liquefy bronchial secretions. - A. Antitussives suppress coughing, and expectorants loosen bronchial secretions. True/False: Mucolytics are often used for patients with cystic fibrosis, COPD, or tuberculosis. - True; add pneumonia A group of nursing students are reviewing information about expectorants. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which medication as an example? Acetylcysteine Benzonatate Guaifenesin Dextromethorphan - Guaifenesin When describing the action of decongestants, a nurse integrates knowledge of this class of drugs, identifying which mechanism? Nonselectively binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes Selectively binding to peripheral H1 receptors Anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory passages - Vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membranes A 62-year-old client has been prescribed an antihistamine to alleviate vasomotor rhinitis. The client reports gastric irritation after taking the tablet. Which instructions should the nurse provide to help alleviate the client's condition? Take the tablet with food. Take an antacid before the tablet. Take the tablet one hour before food. Drink ample water before taking the tablet. - Take the tablet with food A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a nasal decongestant. Which of the following factors should the nurse assess before administering the drug? Vision Auditory tests Blood pressure Motor coordination - Blood pressure As a pre-administration assessment before giving a nasal decongestant, the nurse should assess the patient's blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rates. Assessments for disturbed coordination, blurred vision, or auditory tests may be done as an ongoing assessment to check for signs of adverse effects The pharmacology instructor is discussing the adverse effects of diphenhydramine. Which is not one of these effects? Dry mouth Excessive salivation Blurred vision Drowsiness - excessive salivation A 76-year-old client has been prescribed an oral antihistamine. What adverse effect presents a priority safety concern for older adult clients? Drowsiness Nonproductive cough Dry mouth Nasal burning - Drowsiness After teaching a group of parents about the use of over-the-counter cough and cold products with their children, which statement indicates the need for additional teaching? "We can use the adult brand, but we just have to decrease the amount." "We can use over-the-counter products for our 5-year-old but not for our 18-monthold." "We need to read the label carefully to see how often and how much to give." "We should use the cup that comes with the drug to measure it out." - "We can use the adult brand, but we just have to decrease the amount." Parents should use the children's, pediatric, or infant formulations of the drug. Over-the-counter cough and cold preparations should not be used in children under the age of 2 years. The parents need to read the label carefully to determine the dosage and frequency, and they need to use the device that comes with the drug to ensure a proper dosage A male client presents to the health care provider's office with reports of inability to breathe freely. When the nurse reviews his use of over-the-counter medications, it is discovered that the client routinely uses nasal spray three times a day for 1 year. The nurse knows that what may be causing this client's continuous nasal congestion? Rebound nasal swelling Damage of the nasal concha Chronic nasal polyps Burning of the nares secondary to chronic use of nasal sprays - rebound nasal swelling To help liquefy cold-related secretions, the nurse should encourage the client to implement which measure? reducing salt intake deep breathing and exercises gargling with normal saline increasing fluid intake - increase fluid intake The nurse is educating an older adult client diagnosed with rhinosinusitis in an outpatient clinic about the prescribed topical oxymetazoline. The client has a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease. Which statement made by the client establishes the need for further clarification? "I will rinse the spray tip off after each use." "I will blow my nose before using the nasal spray." "I can take over-the-counter pseudoephedrine, too." "The drug is used no longer than 3 days." - "I can take over-the-counter pseudoephedrine, too." A client, having an allergic reaction to mold, describes chest tightness and difficulty breathing. Which body effect is occurring? contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchi suppression of the vagus nerve endings producing tachycardia decreased permeability of the veins and capillaries decreased secretion of the mucous glands - contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchi A client, scheduled to receive one unit of packed red blood cells, has a history of an allergic reaction to a transfusion in the past. What class of medication will assist in preventing a reaction to the packed red blood cell transfusion? antianginals antipyretics antihistamines antimicrobials - antihistamine Before administering a mucolytic drug to a client with an upper respiratory infection, which would the nurse need to assess? Degree of dyspnea Evidence of productive cough Therapeutic effectiveness Frequency of coughing - degree of dyspnea When providing health education to an adult who is taking an over-the-counter (OTC) combination cold and cough remedy, the nurse should encourage the client to implement what intervention to best assure medication safety? Start with a low dose and gradually increase it until symptoms are relieved. Withhold the medication until a prescription is obtained from a care provider. Carefully read the label and adhere to the guidelines for use. Administer the medication with an additional dose of acetaminophen to potentiate therapeutic effects. - Carefully read the label and adhere to the guidelines for use. A client reports a hacking cough. The client asks if taking an antihistamine would be helpful. The nurse's best response is: Antihistamines are recommended for extended use, as long as you monitor for adverse effects. Antihistamines are not recommended for this issue; only antibiotics are useful. Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough. Antihistamines are not used for this issue. - Antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry lower respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough. A patient receives guaifenesin. The nurse would expect the drug to begin acting within which time frame?