MSW Final Exam / Master of Social Work Final test; answered latest 2022, A+ guide.

MSW Final Exam_ Solved Guide_2022 When did the American Society of Civil Engineers first publish guidelines for sanitary landfills? - 1952 Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 - Prohibited dumping of large objects into navigable waterways, lead to decline of people dumping MSW into water bodies Clean Air Act of 1970 - Stopped open burning of MSW as well as closed uncontrollable incinerators because of their health risk to humans (respiratory tract) Resource Conservation and Recover Act of 1976 (RCRA) - Set guidelines for the disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste; Subtitle D also set guidelines for the design and operation of landfills Explain the difference between planned and unplanned reuse and what these scenarios entail for Amazon's shipping boxes. Explain how Amazon and the consumer have to change their habits. - Planned Reuse: steps have been taken to design the product where it is easy/convenient to reuse the product for its intended purpose Unplanned Reuse: using the product in an alternate way from its intended purpose, NOT EFFICIENT (Wasted Resource) Amazon could make their shipping containers sturdier and talk to postal offices about size/weight limits, having an agreement to let the consumer reuse the shipping container at various post offices. The consumer in turn would have to agree to reuse the product and not just dispose of it after arrival. Europium is a rare Earth element, name a common device that contains this rare Earth element. - Televisions Explain briefly why sampling procedure and sample size are important in characterizing MSW. - There are two methods to determine composition of MSW: Input Method & Output Method. Input Method: looks at published data from studies Output Method: uses samples from studies to determine composition of MSW MSW is very heterogenous, and you want broader trends about its characteristics to develop an outline for the quartering or coning process. Which of the following is NOT a specification included in proximate analysis of MSW? - A.) Moisture Content B.) Hydrogen Content C.) Volatile Matter Content D.) Noncombustible Content Answer: Hydrogen Content In 2 paragraphs, explain why glass recycling has seen a recent decline in the US and why is production of glass bottles from new raw material more economic than used glass? - Glass recycling has decreased in the US primarily because of its weight. Unlike Europe, recycling and material recovery facilities are generally further away, so it is expensive to transport the glass to these recycling facilities, instead of just hauling it to a landfill that is closer. It is more economic to just create new glass bottles because in the US, most recycling centers are single-stream recycling. This causes the glass containers to become contaminated/impure, so it costs money to separate them and clean them for reuse, whenever landfilling the glass is much cheaper. In addition, the mining companies have streamlined their process of extracting silica, and because they are a larger business, they can afford to sell it at a lower cost. Therefore, glass companies are more likely to buy cheaper raw material from a reliable source than glass from a recycling center that is more expensive. What is the largest component of MSW collection cost? - A.) Human Labor B.) Landfill Tipping Fees C.) Fuel D.) None of the Above Answer: Human Labor Describe what happens at a transfer station and how can MSW collection be more efficient here? - A transfer station is where smaller refuse collecting trucks drop-off/dump their load that they collected at a more centralized area. This waste is then loaded onto larger vehicles/trailers that can haul the waste to a landfill. If the waste needs to be hauled a long distance, it is typically loaded onto railcars because weight and road strength is not a concern. It is more efficient to do this because these collection trucks have limits to how much waste they can collect at a time. The limit is based off of their wheel weight/ road strength, so instead of having to waste time and money by driving to/ waiting in line at the landfill, they can drop off their load and keep collecting their route. Which statements are correct guidelines for efficient garbage truck routing? - Long, straight paths should be used before looping Avoid heavily traveled streets during rush hour