GCSE AQA Biology Paper 1 2022
foundation
Eukaryotic Cells - Answer Plant and animal cells. Large, contain nucleus
Prokaryotic Cell - Answer Bacterial cell, tiny, no nucleus.
Ribosome - Answer where proteins are made
cell membrane - Answer Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Mitochondria - Answer Where reactions for aerobic respiration take place.
Cytoplasm - Answer Where chemical reactions take place.
Nucleus - Answer Contains generic material.
Chloroplast - Answer where photosynthesis occurs, only in plant cells
Permanent vacuole - Answer Contains cell sap, only in plant cells
Cell wall - Answer made of cellulose, strengths cell, only found in plant cells
The 3 structured that plant cells have that animal cells don't - Answer Chloroplasts,
Permanent Vacuole, Cell wall
Structures of a bacterial cell - Answer Cell wall, cell membrane, plasmid. DNA loop
Structures of an animal cell - Answer Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Ribosome
Structures of a plant cell - Answer nucleus, cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole,
mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
Difference between electron and light microscopes - Answer Electron microscopes have
a higher magnification and resolution
Chromosomes - Answer Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that carry genes
, GCSE AQA Biology Paper 1 2022
foundation
First stage of cell division - Answer Cell grows by increasing amount of subcellular
structures and replicating DNA by making a copy of each chromosome
Second stage of cell division - Answer Mitosis, chromosomes line up at the centre of the
cell where it divides and becomes two cells with identical DNA and equal chromosomes
cell differentiation - Answer the process by which a cell becomes specialized for a job
How is a sperm cell specialised? - Answer Long tail and streamlined head to help reach
the egg
How is a nerve cell specialised? - Answer They are long and have branches to connect
to other cells
How are xylem and phloem cells specialised? - Answer Xylem cells are hollow and
phloem cells have few subcellular structures, so substances can flow easily
How is a muscle cell specialised? - Answer Long to have space to contract and lots of
mitochondria for enegy
How is a root hair cell specialised? - Answer large surface area for absorption of water
and minerals
What is a stem cell? - Answer An undifferentiated cell that can divide to become any cell
Where in the human body are stem cells found? - Answer In bone marrow
What do stem cells from bone marrow turn into? - Answer Blood cells
Give a use of human stem cells - Answer give them nerves to treat a paralysed patient,
giving them insulin to treat a diabetic patient
Where in plants are stem cells found? - Answer In meristem tissue in the roots of stems
of the plants
Give two uses of meristem tissue stem cells - Answer - Cloning them to protect an
endangered plant species
- Cloning they to have copies of a desired crop
What is an embryonic stem cell? - Answer The undifferentiated cell that is formed when
a sperm cell fertilises an egg cell
foundation
Eukaryotic Cells - Answer Plant and animal cells. Large, contain nucleus
Prokaryotic Cell - Answer Bacterial cell, tiny, no nucleus.
Ribosome - Answer where proteins are made
cell membrane - Answer Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
Mitochondria - Answer Where reactions for aerobic respiration take place.
Cytoplasm - Answer Where chemical reactions take place.
Nucleus - Answer Contains generic material.
Chloroplast - Answer where photosynthesis occurs, only in plant cells
Permanent vacuole - Answer Contains cell sap, only in plant cells
Cell wall - Answer made of cellulose, strengths cell, only found in plant cells
The 3 structured that plant cells have that animal cells don't - Answer Chloroplasts,
Permanent Vacuole, Cell wall
Structures of a bacterial cell - Answer Cell wall, cell membrane, plasmid. DNA loop
Structures of an animal cell - Answer Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Ribosome
Structures of a plant cell - Answer nucleus, cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuole,
mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
Difference between electron and light microscopes - Answer Electron microscopes have
a higher magnification and resolution
Chromosomes - Answer Coiled up lengths of DNA molecules that carry genes
, GCSE AQA Biology Paper 1 2022
foundation
First stage of cell division - Answer Cell grows by increasing amount of subcellular
structures and replicating DNA by making a copy of each chromosome
Second stage of cell division - Answer Mitosis, chromosomes line up at the centre of the
cell where it divides and becomes two cells with identical DNA and equal chromosomes
cell differentiation - Answer the process by which a cell becomes specialized for a job
How is a sperm cell specialised? - Answer Long tail and streamlined head to help reach
the egg
How is a nerve cell specialised? - Answer They are long and have branches to connect
to other cells
How are xylem and phloem cells specialised? - Answer Xylem cells are hollow and
phloem cells have few subcellular structures, so substances can flow easily
How is a muscle cell specialised? - Answer Long to have space to contract and lots of
mitochondria for enegy
How is a root hair cell specialised? - Answer large surface area for absorption of water
and minerals
What is a stem cell? - Answer An undifferentiated cell that can divide to become any cell
Where in the human body are stem cells found? - Answer In bone marrow
What do stem cells from bone marrow turn into? - Answer Blood cells
Give a use of human stem cells - Answer give them nerves to treat a paralysed patient,
giving them insulin to treat a diabetic patient
Where in plants are stem cells found? - Answer In meristem tissue in the roots of stems
of the plants
Give two uses of meristem tissue stem cells - Answer - Cloning them to protect an
endangered plant species
- Cloning they to have copies of a desired crop
What is an embryonic stem cell? - Answer The undifferentiated cell that is formed when
a sperm cell fertilises an egg cell
