Inhoudsopgave
College 1: pedagogiek – pedagogische benadering......................................................................................... 3
Opvoeding.............................................................................................................................................................3
Wanneer sprake van opvoeding.......................................................................................................................3
Impliciet en expliciet.........................................................................................................................................3
Opvoedingsdoelen............................................................................................................................................3
Ondersteuning versus controle.............................................................................................................................4
Opvoedingsdimensies..........................................................................................................................................4
Opvoedingsproblemen..........................................................................................................................................4
College 2: psychologie – motivatie................................................................................................................. 5
Motivatie..............................................................................................................................................................5
Motivatie vergroten..........................................................................................................................................5
Ambivalentie.........................................................................................................................................................5
Leon Festinger (1919-1989)..............................................................................................................................5
Intrinsieke en extrinsieke motivatie.................................................................................................................6
Overrechtvaardiging.........................................................................................................................................6
Zelfdeterminatietheorie........................................................................................................................................6
Pyramide van Maslow..........................................................................................................................................6
Locus of control.....................................................................................................................................................6
Externe locus of control....................................................................................................................................6
Interne locus of control....................................................................................................................................6
College 3: pedagogiek – Ingrijpende gebeurtenissen I: pesten en echtscheiding..............................................7
Pesten...................................................................................................................................................................7
Groepsproces....................................................................................................................................................7
Fijne-school paradox.............................................................................................................................................7
Echtscheidingen....................................................................................................................................................7
Gevolgen echtscheiding korte termijn.............................................................................................................7
Gevolgen echtscheiding lange termijn.............................................................................................................7
Loyaliteitsconflicten..............................................................................................................................................8
Ouderafwijzing of oudervervreemding............................................................................................................8
Parentificatie....................................................................................................................................................8
College 4: pedagogiek – ingrijpende gebeurtenissen II: rouw en PTSS.............................................................8
PTSS......................................................................................................................................................................8
Oorzaken...........................................................................................................................................................8
PTSS in de DSM-5..................................................................................................................................................8
Herbeleving.......................................................................................................................................................9
Rouw.....................................................................................................................................................................9
Veelgemaakte fouten.......................................................................................................................................9
Rouwtaken............................................................................................................................................................9
Verschillen tussen rouw en PTSS.........................................................................................................................10
1
,College 5: pedagogiek – ingrijpende gebeurtenissen III: kindermishandeling en alternatieve opvoeders.......10
Kindermishandeling in de jeugdwet...................................................................................................................10
Vormen van kindermishandeling...................................................................................................................10
Gevolgen.........................................................................................................................................................10
Factoren die van invloed zijn op de ernst......................................................................................................11
Beschermende factoren.................................................................................................................................11
Risicofactoren....................................................................................................................................................11
Syndroom van Munchhausen.............................................................................................................................11
Syndroom van Munchhausen-by-proxy DSM5..............................................................................................11
Gevolgen.........................................................................................................................................................12
Uitgangspunt alternatieve ouders......................................................................................................................12
Wanneer kinderen niet thuis kunnen wonen................................................................................................12
Pleegzorg............................................................................................................................................................12
Deeltijdpleegzorg................................................................................................................................................12
Gezinshuis...........................................................................................................................................................12
Residentiële zorg (woongroepen).......................................................................................................................13
College 6: pedagogiek – verdieping in de pedagogiek...................................................................................13
Geschiedenis van de pedagogiek........................................................................................................................13
1600-1700...........................................................................................................................................................13
Empirisme en inductie....................................................................................................................................13
Rationalisme en deductie...............................................................................................................................13
Empirische cyclus – zoals we nu kijken...............................................................................................................14
1900 – 2019........................................................................................................................................................14
Reformpedagogiek.........................................................................................................................................14
Hermeneutiek.................................................................................................................................................14
Dialectiek........................................................................................................................................................14
Fenomenologie...............................................................................................................................................14
Empirisch-analytische pedagogiek.................................................................................................................14
Humanistische benadering.................................................................................................................................14
Sociologisch perspectief......................................................................................................................................14
Socialisatieproces binnen het gezin...............................................................................................................15
Rollen..............................................................................................................................................................15
College 7: psychologie – seksuele ontwikkeling en seksuele problemen........................................................15
Seksualiteit als probleem....................................................................................................................................15
Verplichte literatuur...........................................................................................................................................15
Algemene aandachtspunten en vlaggensysteem...........................................................................................15
Actietabel 0 – 12 jaar......................................................................................................................................16
Actietabel 12 – 19 jaar...................................................................................................................................17
2
, Psychologie en Pedagogiek B (PPB)
College 1: pedagogiek – pedagogische benadering
Opvoeding
Opvoeding betekent de omgang tussen ouder en kind. Het bestaat uit:
- Aangaan van een relatie
- Liefde, geborgenheid, veiligheid, grenzen en ondersteuning
- Zelfvertrouwen
- Zelfstandigheid
- Zelfredzaamheid
Wanneer sprake van opvoeding
1. Er sprake is van wederzijds respect tussen ouder en kind.
2. Kind ervaart voldoende veiligheid bij, heeft vertrouwen in, kan rekenen op, voelt zich
geaccepteerd door en krijgt ondersteuning van de ouder/verzorger
3. Kind wordt door ouder/verzorger uitgedaagd om eigen beslissingen te nemen en
experimenteren; waardoor kind vertrouwen krijgt in zijn omgeving
Impliciet en expliciet
Opvoeden wordt gekenmerkt door impliciete of expliciete sturing. Impliciet houdt in, met andere
woorden, niet letterlijk gezegd. Expliciet is letterlijk iets uitleggen of voordoen.
Opvoedingsdoelen
Vroeger: Langeveld:
- Opvoeder ondersteunt/begeleidt kind naar volwassenheid
- Doel is zelfverantwoordelijke zelfbepaling
Nu: Steutel:
- Opvoeden is gericht op kwaliteiten
- Opvoeder moet zodanig handelen dat het kind deze daadwerkelijk kan verwerven
- De opvoeding moet zich deze kwaliteiten eigen maken
3
College 1: pedagogiek – pedagogische benadering......................................................................................... 3
Opvoeding.............................................................................................................................................................3
Wanneer sprake van opvoeding.......................................................................................................................3
Impliciet en expliciet.........................................................................................................................................3
Opvoedingsdoelen............................................................................................................................................3
Ondersteuning versus controle.............................................................................................................................4
Opvoedingsdimensies..........................................................................................................................................4
Opvoedingsproblemen..........................................................................................................................................4
College 2: psychologie – motivatie................................................................................................................. 5
Motivatie..............................................................................................................................................................5
Motivatie vergroten..........................................................................................................................................5
Ambivalentie.........................................................................................................................................................5
Leon Festinger (1919-1989)..............................................................................................................................5
Intrinsieke en extrinsieke motivatie.................................................................................................................6
Overrechtvaardiging.........................................................................................................................................6
Zelfdeterminatietheorie........................................................................................................................................6
Pyramide van Maslow..........................................................................................................................................6
Locus of control.....................................................................................................................................................6
Externe locus of control....................................................................................................................................6
Interne locus of control....................................................................................................................................6
College 3: pedagogiek – Ingrijpende gebeurtenissen I: pesten en echtscheiding..............................................7
Pesten...................................................................................................................................................................7
Groepsproces....................................................................................................................................................7
Fijne-school paradox.............................................................................................................................................7
Echtscheidingen....................................................................................................................................................7
Gevolgen echtscheiding korte termijn.............................................................................................................7
Gevolgen echtscheiding lange termijn.............................................................................................................7
Loyaliteitsconflicten..............................................................................................................................................8
Ouderafwijzing of oudervervreemding............................................................................................................8
Parentificatie....................................................................................................................................................8
College 4: pedagogiek – ingrijpende gebeurtenissen II: rouw en PTSS.............................................................8
PTSS......................................................................................................................................................................8
Oorzaken...........................................................................................................................................................8
PTSS in de DSM-5..................................................................................................................................................8
Herbeleving.......................................................................................................................................................9
Rouw.....................................................................................................................................................................9
Veelgemaakte fouten.......................................................................................................................................9
Rouwtaken............................................................................................................................................................9
Verschillen tussen rouw en PTSS.........................................................................................................................10
1
,College 5: pedagogiek – ingrijpende gebeurtenissen III: kindermishandeling en alternatieve opvoeders.......10
Kindermishandeling in de jeugdwet...................................................................................................................10
Vormen van kindermishandeling...................................................................................................................10
Gevolgen.........................................................................................................................................................10
Factoren die van invloed zijn op de ernst......................................................................................................11
Beschermende factoren.................................................................................................................................11
Risicofactoren....................................................................................................................................................11
Syndroom van Munchhausen.............................................................................................................................11
Syndroom van Munchhausen-by-proxy DSM5..............................................................................................11
Gevolgen.........................................................................................................................................................12
Uitgangspunt alternatieve ouders......................................................................................................................12
Wanneer kinderen niet thuis kunnen wonen................................................................................................12
Pleegzorg............................................................................................................................................................12
Deeltijdpleegzorg................................................................................................................................................12
Gezinshuis...........................................................................................................................................................12
Residentiële zorg (woongroepen).......................................................................................................................13
College 6: pedagogiek – verdieping in de pedagogiek...................................................................................13
Geschiedenis van de pedagogiek........................................................................................................................13
1600-1700...........................................................................................................................................................13
Empirisme en inductie....................................................................................................................................13
Rationalisme en deductie...............................................................................................................................13
Empirische cyclus – zoals we nu kijken...............................................................................................................14
1900 – 2019........................................................................................................................................................14
Reformpedagogiek.........................................................................................................................................14
Hermeneutiek.................................................................................................................................................14
Dialectiek........................................................................................................................................................14
Fenomenologie...............................................................................................................................................14
Empirisch-analytische pedagogiek.................................................................................................................14
Humanistische benadering.................................................................................................................................14
Sociologisch perspectief......................................................................................................................................14
Socialisatieproces binnen het gezin...............................................................................................................15
Rollen..............................................................................................................................................................15
College 7: psychologie – seksuele ontwikkeling en seksuele problemen........................................................15
Seksualiteit als probleem....................................................................................................................................15
Verplichte literatuur...........................................................................................................................................15
Algemene aandachtspunten en vlaggensysteem...........................................................................................15
Actietabel 0 – 12 jaar......................................................................................................................................16
Actietabel 12 – 19 jaar...................................................................................................................................17
2
, Psychologie en Pedagogiek B (PPB)
College 1: pedagogiek – pedagogische benadering
Opvoeding
Opvoeding betekent de omgang tussen ouder en kind. Het bestaat uit:
- Aangaan van een relatie
- Liefde, geborgenheid, veiligheid, grenzen en ondersteuning
- Zelfvertrouwen
- Zelfstandigheid
- Zelfredzaamheid
Wanneer sprake van opvoeding
1. Er sprake is van wederzijds respect tussen ouder en kind.
2. Kind ervaart voldoende veiligheid bij, heeft vertrouwen in, kan rekenen op, voelt zich
geaccepteerd door en krijgt ondersteuning van de ouder/verzorger
3. Kind wordt door ouder/verzorger uitgedaagd om eigen beslissingen te nemen en
experimenteren; waardoor kind vertrouwen krijgt in zijn omgeving
Impliciet en expliciet
Opvoeden wordt gekenmerkt door impliciete of expliciete sturing. Impliciet houdt in, met andere
woorden, niet letterlijk gezegd. Expliciet is letterlijk iets uitleggen of voordoen.
Opvoedingsdoelen
Vroeger: Langeveld:
- Opvoeder ondersteunt/begeleidt kind naar volwassenheid
- Doel is zelfverantwoordelijke zelfbepaling
Nu: Steutel:
- Opvoeden is gericht op kwaliteiten
- Opvoeder moet zodanig handelen dat het kind deze daadwerkelijk kan verwerven
- De opvoeding moet zich deze kwaliteiten eigen maken
3
