Practice Questions for Renal/GU
The patient's creatinine clearance is 5 mL/min. This value signifies:
A. hyperactive kidneys
B. inaccurate lab results
C. normal renal fuction
D. renal dysfunction - Answer D. renal dysfunction
Acute renal failure is potentially reversible in the:
A. convalescent phase.
B. initiation phase.
C. maintenance phase.
D. recovery phase. - Answer B. initiation phase.
Hyponatremia in renal dysfunction is the result of:
A. dehydration.
B. potassium deficit.
C. sodium excess.
D. water overload - Answer D. water overload
Signs and symptoms of acute renal failure include:
A. bradycardia, with decreased respiration, low serum bicarbonate, and elevated pH.
B. lethargy, tachypnea, and elevated serum bicarbonate.
C. slowed respirations and low pH.
D. tachypnea, low pH, and low serum bicarbonate. - Answer D. tachypnea, low pH, and
low serum bicarbonate.
Which of the following is a common complication of hemodialysis?
A. ascities
B. hypotension
C. oliguria
D. peritonitis - Answer B. hypotension
A medication that has the dual effect of creating a solute diuresis (increased flow of
tubular cellular debris) and augmenting renal blood flow is:
A.acetylcysteine.
B.dopamine.
C.furosemide.
D.mannitol. - Answer C.furosemide.
, In general, maintenance of cardiovascular function and _________ are the two key
goals in the prevention of acute tubular necrosis (ATN).
A.adequate intravascular volume
B.intake of a renal diet
C.normal potassium level
D.normal sodium level - Answer A.adequate intravascular volume
One of the most useful noninvasive diagnostic tools available for clinicians to monitor
fluid volume status is:
A.daily creatinine measurements.
B.hourly urine output measurement.
C.kayexalate instillations.
D.monitoring daily weight. - Answer D.monitoring daily weight.
A study that delineates the size, shape, and position of the kidneys, and also
demonstrates abnormalities, such as calculi, hydronephrosis (enlargement of the renal
pelvis), cysts, or tumors is the:
A.intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
B.kidney, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
C.renal biopsy.
D.ultrasound. - Answer B.kidney, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
While undergoing his first ever hemodialysis treatment, the patient suddenly becomes
confused, complains of a headache, begins to twitch, and proceeds to have a seizure.
The nurse realizes that this most likely is
due to:
A.cerebral edema.
B.hypotension.
C.low serum potassium levels.
D.volume depletion. - Answer A.cerebral edema.
Which of the following are indications for hemodialysis? (Choose all that apply.)
A.Acid-base imbalances
B.Cardiovascular instability
C.Electrolyte imbalances
D.Fluid overload - Answer ◦A.Acid-base imbalances
◦C.Electrolyte imbalances
◦D.Fluid overload
The patient's creatinine clearance is 5 mL/min. This value signifies:
A. hyperactive kidneys
B. inaccurate lab results
C. normal renal fuction
D. renal dysfunction - Answer D. renal dysfunction
Acute renal failure is potentially reversible in the:
A. convalescent phase.
B. initiation phase.
C. maintenance phase.
D. recovery phase. - Answer B. initiation phase.
Hyponatremia in renal dysfunction is the result of:
A. dehydration.
B. potassium deficit.
C. sodium excess.
D. water overload - Answer D. water overload
Signs and symptoms of acute renal failure include:
A. bradycardia, with decreased respiration, low serum bicarbonate, and elevated pH.
B. lethargy, tachypnea, and elevated serum bicarbonate.
C. slowed respirations and low pH.
D. tachypnea, low pH, and low serum bicarbonate. - Answer D. tachypnea, low pH, and
low serum bicarbonate.
Which of the following is a common complication of hemodialysis?
A. ascities
B. hypotension
C. oliguria
D. peritonitis - Answer B. hypotension
A medication that has the dual effect of creating a solute diuresis (increased flow of
tubular cellular debris) and augmenting renal blood flow is:
A.acetylcysteine.
B.dopamine.
C.furosemide.
D.mannitol. - Answer C.furosemide.
, In general, maintenance of cardiovascular function and _________ are the two key
goals in the prevention of acute tubular necrosis (ATN).
A.adequate intravascular volume
B.intake of a renal diet
C.normal potassium level
D.normal sodium level - Answer A.adequate intravascular volume
One of the most useful noninvasive diagnostic tools available for clinicians to monitor
fluid volume status is:
A.daily creatinine measurements.
B.hourly urine output measurement.
C.kayexalate instillations.
D.monitoring daily weight. - Answer D.monitoring daily weight.
A study that delineates the size, shape, and position of the kidneys, and also
demonstrates abnormalities, such as calculi, hydronephrosis (enlargement of the renal
pelvis), cysts, or tumors is the:
A.intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
B.kidney, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
C.renal biopsy.
D.ultrasound. - Answer B.kidney, ureters, bladder (KUB) x-ray.
While undergoing his first ever hemodialysis treatment, the patient suddenly becomes
confused, complains of a headache, begins to twitch, and proceeds to have a seizure.
The nurse realizes that this most likely is
due to:
A.cerebral edema.
B.hypotension.
C.low serum potassium levels.
D.volume depletion. - Answer A.cerebral edema.
Which of the following are indications for hemodialysis? (Choose all that apply.)
A.Acid-base imbalances
B.Cardiovascular instability
C.Electrolyte imbalances
D.Fluid overload - Answer ◦A.Acid-base imbalances
◦C.Electrolyte imbalances
◦D.Fluid overload
