Mark Klimek- Yellow Book at Columbus State Community College - StudyBlue

Mark Klimek- Yellow Book at Columbus State Community College - StudyBlue Ohio | Columbus State Community College | Mark Klimek- Yellow Book Alexandria • M. 543 cards Rule of the B's: If the and the are in the same direction then it is meta pH, Bicarb, Both, Bolic pH 7.30 HCO3 20 ↓= acidosis; ↓= metabolic pH 7.58 HCO3 32 ↑= alkalosis; ↑= metabolic pH 7.22 HCO3 30 ↓= acidosis; ↑= respiratory MacKussmaul The only acid base to cause Kussmaul respirations is Metabolic ACidosis Compensation only the pH Changes pH 7.42 HCO3 19 ↑= compensated alkalosis ↓= respiratory pH 7.43 HCO3 34 ↑= compensated alkalosis ↑= metabolic pH 7.39 HCO3 25 CO2 61 Norm., norm., ↑ = CO2 problem not acid-base problem As the goes, so goes except for pH, my patient, Potassium pH is Up Alkalosis, Hypokalemia, HTN, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Seizures, Irritability, Spastic, Diarrhea, Borborygme, Hyperreflexia, etc Tachy, hyper, elevated, irritable, peaking, increase, spastic, rise pH is Down Acidosis, Hyperkalemia, htn, Bradycardia, Constipation, Absent bowel sounds, Flacid, Bradypnea Brady, hypo, lethargic, decrease, few, scant, suppressed Causes of acid-base imbalances: First ask yourself, "Is it ?" If yes, then it's . Then ask yourself: "Are they or ?" If , pick . If , pick lung, respiratory, overventilating, underventilating, overventilating, alkalosis, underventilating, acidosis Causes of acid-base imbalances: If it's not lung, then it's . If the patient has vomiting or suctioning, pick . For everything else that isn't lung, pick . When you don't know what to pick, choose metabolic, prolonged(days) gastric, alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, metabolic acidosis High pressure alarms are triggered by resistance to air flow. increased High pressure alarms are triggered by increased resistance to airflow and can be caused by obstructions of three types: - action: , - action: , - action: (Least invasive to most) kinked tube- action: unkink water in tube- action:empty mucus in airway- action: cough and deep breathe When the question asks for an action use least to most invasive Low pressure alarms are triggered by resistance to airflow. decreased Low pressure alarms are triggered by decreased resistance to airflow and can be caused by disconnections of the tubing (reconnect it UNLESS tube is on the floor in which case bag them and call RT) Respiratory alkalosis means ventilator settings may be too high Respiratory acidosis means ventilator settings may be too low What does "wean" mean? gradually decrease with the goal of getting off altogether What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs from highest priority to lowest priority? 1. Physiological 2. Safety 3. Comfort 4. Psychological (problems within the person) 5. Social (problems with other people) 6. Spiritual Used to prioritize needs Arrange from highest to lowest priority using Maslow's: Denial Spiritual Distress Pain in Wrist Fall Risk Family Dysfunction Electrolyte Imbalance Electrolyte Imbalance (Physiological) Fall Risk (Safety) Pain in Wrist (Comfort) Denial (Psychological) Family Dysfunction (Social) Spiritual Distress (Spiritual) What are the 5 stages of grief? DABDA Denial Anger Bargain Depression Acceptance The #1 problem in abuse is denial Denial is the to accept the of their problem refusal, reality Treating denial: it by pointing out to the person the difference between what they and what they . In contrast, the denial of loss and grief confront, say, do, support Dependency: When the gets the Significant Other to do things for them or make decisions for them abuser (They want someone else to do life for them so they can abuse) Codependency: When the derives positive from doing things for or making decisions for the Significant Other, self-esteem, abuser When treating dependency/codependency: Set and them. Agree in advance on what requests are allowed, then enforce the agreement Work on the of the codependent person limits, enforce self-esteem Manipulation: when the gets the to do things for him/her that are not in the of the . The nature of the act is or to the abuser, significant other, interest, significant other, dangerous, harmful, significant other Treating manipulation: Set and them. Its easier to treat than dependency/codependency because likes being manipulated limits, enforce them Wernicke's (Korsakoff's) Syndrome: induced by Vitamin (thiamine) deficiency Psychosis, B1 (Can't metabolize alcohol without sufficent B1) Cause of phychosis in Wernike's (Korsakoff's) is... Psychosis is a form of . Death of brain cells due to alcohol toxicity due to Vitamin B1 deficiency, Dementia Primary symptoms of Wernicke's (Korsakoff's) Syndrome: with . amnesia (memory loss), confabulation (making up stories to explain things because they don't remember) Characteristics of Wernicke's (Korsakoff's) Syndrome: 1. 2. 3. preventable (supplement with B1) arrestable (can stop it from progressing) irreversible (can't go back) Antabuse (disulfiram)/Revia is Therapy Aversion Onset and duration of effectiveness of Antabuse/Revia: 2 weeks Patient teaching with Antabuse/Revia: Avoid forms of to avoid , , ALL, alcohol, nausea, vomiting, possible death