Communicatie in organisaties
samenvatting
Inhoud
Thema 1: Intro en klassieke organisatietheorieën..................................................................................5
Samenwerking....................................................................................................................................5
Wat zijn organisaties?.........................................................................................................................6
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................6
Klassieke Organisatietheorieën..........................................................................................................7
Scientific Management (Taylor)......................................................................................................7
Theory of Bureaucracy (Weber)......................................................................................................8
Theory of classical management (Fayol).........................................................................................9
Thema 2: Human relations: motivatie en communicatie......................................................................11
Human Relations: Elton Mayo (1880 – 1949)...................................................................................11
Motivatie en betrokkenheid.............................................................................................................12
Motivatie......................................................................................................................................12
Tevredenheid................................................................................................................................13
Betrokkenheid..............................................................................................................................13
Verschillende soorten motivatietheorieën.......................................................................................13
Behoefte theorieën: Maslow piramide.........................................................................................13
Behoefte theorieën: Herzberg Dual Factor Theory.......................................................................14
Behoefte theorieën: X- en Y-theorie van McGregor.....................................................................15
Individuele theorieën: Achievement Motivation theorie van McClelland....................................16
Procestheorieën: Equity Theory van Adams.................................................................................16
Thema 3: Communicatieprocessen: verbaal en non-verbaal................................................................18
Communicatie..................................................................................................................................18
Het communicatieproces..................................................................................................................22
Aspecten van communicatie (in organisaties)..................................................................................26
Verbale communicatie (schriftelijk, mondeling)...........................................................................26
Non-verbale communicatie (gebaren, intonatie, lichaamshouding).............................................26
Verstoringen in communicatie.........................................................................................................28
Thema 4: Interpersoonlijke relaties en communicatie.........................................................................30
Aantrekkingskracht...........................................................................................................................30
Communicatieve competentie.........................................................................................................32
, Emotionele intelligentie...................................................................................................................32
Context en interpersoonlijke communicatie: organisatiestructuur..................................................34
Thema 5: Samenwerken en communicatie in groepen........................................................................35
Wat zijn groepen?.............................................................................................................................35
Wanneer ontstaat groepsgevoel?.................................................................................................35
Type groepen................................................................................................................................36
Hoe verschilt de ene groep van de ander?...................................................................................36
Belang van groepen voor identiteit..............................................................................................36
Groepen in organisaties................................................................................................................37
Fases in groepsontwikkeling.............................................................................................................37
Tuckman's theorie van groepsontwikkeling.................................................................................37
Toetreden tot een groep..................................................................................................................37
Hoe reageert een groep op nieuwkomers?..................................................................................38
Kenmerken van groepen..................................................................................................................39
Normen.........................................................................................................................................39
Rollen............................................................................................................................................41
Cohesie.........................................................................................................................................42
Bales' (1970) Systematic Multiple Level Observation of Groups...................................................43
Thema 6: Besluitvorming......................................................................................................................44
Besluitvormingsmodellen.................................................................................................................44
Besluitvorming..................................................................................................................................46
Soorten beslissingen.....................................................................................................................46
Beslissingen kunnen variëren in:..................................................................................................46
Besluitvormingsregels.......................................................................................................................46
Besluitvorming in groepen................................................................................................................47
Sociale dysfuncties...........................................................................................................................48
Thema 7: Computer-gemedieerde communicatie................................................................................51
Geschiedenis van computer-gemedieerde communicatie...............................................................51
Voordelen CMC................................................................................................................................51
Nadelen CMC....................................................................................................................................52
Sociale effecten CMC op interacties - Theorieën..............................................................................52
Media gebruik in organisaties - Theorieën.......................................................................................55
CMC in het kort.............................................................................................................................56
Thema 8: Conflicten..............................................................................................................................58
Conflicten en organisatietheorieën..................................................................................................58
Conflicten.........................................................................................................................................58
, Oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................59
Conflictstijlen....................................................................................................................................62
Effecten van conflicten.....................................................................................................................64
Pestgedrag (Mobbing)..................................................................................................................64
Conflictmanagement (oplossen).......................................................................................................64
Thema 9: Leiderschap en macht...........................................................................................................65
Wat is macht?...................................................................................................................................65
Typen macht.................................................................................................................................65
Reacties op macht........................................................................................................................67
Waarom gehoorzaamt men?........................................................................................................67
Effecten/Consequenties van macht..................................................................................................68
Wat is leiderschap?...........................................................................................................................69
Wat doen leiders?.........................................................................................................................69
Wie worden leiders?.........................................................................................................................69
Transactioneel vs transformationeel................................................................................................70
Kenmerken transformationeel leiderschap..................................................................................70
Effectiviteit leiderschap: participatie................................................................................................71
Random leiderschapstheorieën........................................................................................................72
Random effectiviteitstheorieën........................................................................................................72
Thema 10: Interculturele communicatie..............................................................................................74
Interculturele communicatie............................................................................................................75
Factoren een rol bij interculturele communicatie: cultuur...............................................................76
Wat is cultuur?..............................................................................................................................76
Aspecten van cultuur....................................................................................................................76
Dimensies die culturen onderscheiden.........................................................................................77
Culturen in communicatie............................................................................................................78
Factoren een rol bij interculturele communicatie: beeldvorming....................................................79
Attributietheorie...............................................................................................................................80
Context: Contacthypothese..............................................................................................................81
Wat zijn de effecten van diversiteit in teams?..................................................................................82
Thema 11: emoties in organisaties.......................................................................................................83
Historie.........................................................................................................................................83
Wat zijn emoties?.............................................................................................................................83
Emoties en hersenen....................................................................................................................84
Routes...........................................................................................................................................84
Facial Feedback Theorie...............................................................................................................84
, Soorten emoties...............................................................................................................................85
Herkennen van emoties....................................................................................................................85
Omgaan met emoties.......................................................................................................................86
Verschil van mood, emotie en affect................................................................................................87
Affective circumplex.....................................................................................................................88
Emoties in organisaties.....................................................................................................................88
Stress in organisaties........................................................................................................................89
samenvatting
Inhoud
Thema 1: Intro en klassieke organisatietheorieën..................................................................................5
Samenwerking....................................................................................................................................5
Wat zijn organisaties?.........................................................................................................................6
Communicatie....................................................................................................................................6
Klassieke Organisatietheorieën..........................................................................................................7
Scientific Management (Taylor)......................................................................................................7
Theory of Bureaucracy (Weber)......................................................................................................8
Theory of classical management (Fayol).........................................................................................9
Thema 2: Human relations: motivatie en communicatie......................................................................11
Human Relations: Elton Mayo (1880 – 1949)...................................................................................11
Motivatie en betrokkenheid.............................................................................................................12
Motivatie......................................................................................................................................12
Tevredenheid................................................................................................................................13
Betrokkenheid..............................................................................................................................13
Verschillende soorten motivatietheorieën.......................................................................................13
Behoefte theorieën: Maslow piramide.........................................................................................13
Behoefte theorieën: Herzberg Dual Factor Theory.......................................................................14
Behoefte theorieën: X- en Y-theorie van McGregor.....................................................................15
Individuele theorieën: Achievement Motivation theorie van McClelland....................................16
Procestheorieën: Equity Theory van Adams.................................................................................16
Thema 3: Communicatieprocessen: verbaal en non-verbaal................................................................18
Communicatie..................................................................................................................................18
Het communicatieproces..................................................................................................................22
Aspecten van communicatie (in organisaties)..................................................................................26
Verbale communicatie (schriftelijk, mondeling)...........................................................................26
Non-verbale communicatie (gebaren, intonatie, lichaamshouding).............................................26
Verstoringen in communicatie.........................................................................................................28
Thema 4: Interpersoonlijke relaties en communicatie.........................................................................30
Aantrekkingskracht...........................................................................................................................30
Communicatieve competentie.........................................................................................................32
, Emotionele intelligentie...................................................................................................................32
Context en interpersoonlijke communicatie: organisatiestructuur..................................................34
Thema 5: Samenwerken en communicatie in groepen........................................................................35
Wat zijn groepen?.............................................................................................................................35
Wanneer ontstaat groepsgevoel?.................................................................................................35
Type groepen................................................................................................................................36
Hoe verschilt de ene groep van de ander?...................................................................................36
Belang van groepen voor identiteit..............................................................................................36
Groepen in organisaties................................................................................................................37
Fases in groepsontwikkeling.............................................................................................................37
Tuckman's theorie van groepsontwikkeling.................................................................................37
Toetreden tot een groep..................................................................................................................37
Hoe reageert een groep op nieuwkomers?..................................................................................38
Kenmerken van groepen..................................................................................................................39
Normen.........................................................................................................................................39
Rollen............................................................................................................................................41
Cohesie.........................................................................................................................................42
Bales' (1970) Systematic Multiple Level Observation of Groups...................................................43
Thema 6: Besluitvorming......................................................................................................................44
Besluitvormingsmodellen.................................................................................................................44
Besluitvorming..................................................................................................................................46
Soorten beslissingen.....................................................................................................................46
Beslissingen kunnen variëren in:..................................................................................................46
Besluitvormingsregels.......................................................................................................................46
Besluitvorming in groepen................................................................................................................47
Sociale dysfuncties...........................................................................................................................48
Thema 7: Computer-gemedieerde communicatie................................................................................51
Geschiedenis van computer-gemedieerde communicatie...............................................................51
Voordelen CMC................................................................................................................................51
Nadelen CMC....................................................................................................................................52
Sociale effecten CMC op interacties - Theorieën..............................................................................52
Media gebruik in organisaties - Theorieën.......................................................................................55
CMC in het kort.............................................................................................................................56
Thema 8: Conflicten..............................................................................................................................58
Conflicten en organisatietheorieën..................................................................................................58
Conflicten.........................................................................................................................................58
, Oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................59
Conflictstijlen....................................................................................................................................62
Effecten van conflicten.....................................................................................................................64
Pestgedrag (Mobbing)..................................................................................................................64
Conflictmanagement (oplossen).......................................................................................................64
Thema 9: Leiderschap en macht...........................................................................................................65
Wat is macht?...................................................................................................................................65
Typen macht.................................................................................................................................65
Reacties op macht........................................................................................................................67
Waarom gehoorzaamt men?........................................................................................................67
Effecten/Consequenties van macht..................................................................................................68
Wat is leiderschap?...........................................................................................................................69
Wat doen leiders?.........................................................................................................................69
Wie worden leiders?.........................................................................................................................69
Transactioneel vs transformationeel................................................................................................70
Kenmerken transformationeel leiderschap..................................................................................70
Effectiviteit leiderschap: participatie................................................................................................71
Random leiderschapstheorieën........................................................................................................72
Random effectiviteitstheorieën........................................................................................................72
Thema 10: Interculturele communicatie..............................................................................................74
Interculturele communicatie............................................................................................................75
Factoren een rol bij interculturele communicatie: cultuur...............................................................76
Wat is cultuur?..............................................................................................................................76
Aspecten van cultuur....................................................................................................................76
Dimensies die culturen onderscheiden.........................................................................................77
Culturen in communicatie............................................................................................................78
Factoren een rol bij interculturele communicatie: beeldvorming....................................................79
Attributietheorie...............................................................................................................................80
Context: Contacthypothese..............................................................................................................81
Wat zijn de effecten van diversiteit in teams?..................................................................................82
Thema 11: emoties in organisaties.......................................................................................................83
Historie.........................................................................................................................................83
Wat zijn emoties?.............................................................................................................................83
Emoties en hersenen....................................................................................................................84
Routes...........................................................................................................................................84
Facial Feedback Theorie...............................................................................................................84
, Soorten emoties...............................................................................................................................85
Herkennen van emoties....................................................................................................................85
Omgaan met emoties.......................................................................................................................86
Verschil van mood, emotie en affect................................................................................................87
Affective circumplex.....................................................................................................................88
Emoties in organisaties.....................................................................................................................88
Stress in organisaties........................................................................................................................89
