1
C468 Information Management and the Application of
Technology Notes Study Guide
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Information Management and the Application of Technology
Notes
Information Management
-The graduate analyzes the role of info management in the delivery of timely, high-quality, patient-
centered care-
Informatics and Information Science - IT
Information Science --- Informatics- Information systems
● Information Science are the roots to the tree of Informatics – with Information
systems and Information Technologies as branches.
● Information Systems vs. Information Science
● Information Science: Primarily focused on input, processing, output, and
feedback through technology integration.
■ Incorporates features from communication science, computer science,
social science, library science, and cognitive science.
■ Applies technology to make information usable.
■ Supports the collection and management of info.
■ This is the focus on how to gather, process and transform information into
knowledge. It also incorporates features from these five other sciences: communication
science, computer science, social science, library science, and cognitive science.
● Information Systems: Computer systems that use hardware and software to process
data into information in order to solve a problem.
○ Using the EHR to document care of a patient with a femur fx is an example of
using the EHR in which way? — Information System
○ Information systems are used to collect, create, and distribute useful data.
○ The development, use, and management of an organization's I.T.
infrastructure.
○ An umbrella term for sub-categories such as: clinical information systems,
core business systems, case management system, and communication systems.
● Life cycle of Information Systems (Know what happens in each phase)
○ Needs Assessment Phase:
■ *determine needs and wants in an information system*, gap analysis
■ Investigating current deficits and needs of the organization IS NOT a role in
they system implementation phase. It is a role in the Needs Assessment phase.
○ System Selection Phase: The organization seeks out a vendor company that
provides a system that best fits the needs. There are three documents that are used:
■ 1) Request for information document: (RFI) Initial contact with the vendor.
Get essential information about the *company’s history* (How many other organizations
have used them?)
,3
■ 2) Request for Proposal document: (RFP) Organization prioritizes or rates
their needs and wants. Sends the outline to the vendor and asks if they can meet this
need.
■ 3)Request for Quote document: (RFQ) Pricing, finances, and contract terms.
■ It’s not important that selection committee board members understand software
and electronic processes. *They aren’t the end users who need to be trained* in the system.
They just have to have a general understanding of it.
○ System Implementation Phase:
■ Go live planning→ Train staff (including end users)→ Analyst starts building
screens and templates according to organization and its policies→ Apply any changes specific to
that organization→ Go live.
■ Presenting the system design to management is not the responsibility of
the project implementation team.
● Maintenance Phase: Problem solving, any debugging, files backed up routinely and
install any system upgrades, make sure it’s working as intended.
○ It is a continuous cycle.
○ System Evaluation IS NOT a phase of the information system life cycle.
● Informatics vs. Information Technology
○ Informatics: A combination of nursing science, computer science, and
information science.
■ Specific information technologies that support nursing practice.
■ It is the science and art of turning data into information.
○ Information Technologies: A general term used to refer to the
management and processing of information with the assistance of computers, ex →
EHR, barcode medication administration… (Uses computers to transmit data.)
■ CPOE, barcode medication administration and clinical decision support are
all examples of Information Technologies.
○ Commonalities: Both aid in clinical decision making and are a major
resource for many organizations.
● Discuss the relationship between the terms:
○ Data: A collection of numbers, characters, or facts that are gathered
according to some perceived need for analysis and possibly action at a later point in time.
■ A patient's height, weight, code status, and date of birth are all examples of
data. Once data is analyzed and interpreted, it then becomes information.
○ Information: Data that have been interpreted.
, 4
○ Knowledge: The synthesis of information derived from several sources to
produce a single concept or idea. It is based on a logical process of analysis and
provides order to thoughts and ideas and decreases uncertainty.
■ The Foundation of Knowledge Model: This is the basis for which knowledge
is used to meet the needs of the healthcare delivery system. It is derived from its three
key elements of:
● knowledge acquisition
● knowledge processing
● knowledge dissemination.
○ Wisdom: Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve
problems.
Relate the concept of information literacy to nursing informatics?
○ Information literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed as
well as the skills to find, evaluate, and use needed information effectively.
● Nursing and Informatics
○ Nursing Informatics: The use of technology and information to help support all aspects
of nursing practice.
○ Includes direct delivery of care, administration, education, and research.
● Recognize the role of nurses as knowledge workers:
○ A knowledge worker is a: specialist in their field.
■ They have advanced formal education.
■ They can apply theoretical and analytical knowledge.
● .
■ continuous learner, use technology to support and inform nursing practice, and
generate knowledge as a product.
● Explain the relationship of information science, computer science, and nursing
science within the context of nursing practice:
○ These are the core sciences of nursing informatics/they are combined
to make up nursing informatics.
● New technologies are continuously impacting the practice of nursing. Nursing
informatics will continue to evolve with changes in the profession, the healthcare
delivery system, and informatics in general.
● Know the different levels and expectations:
○ Novice/Beginning nurse: These Rns are more task based, but transition to
knowledge based as they gain experience.
■ They possess basic computer skills and can use information systems to
manage pts.
■ They can access data and charts electronically and can support pt safety
initiatives using
I.T.
C468 Information Management and the Application of
Technology Notes Study Guide
,2
Information Management and the Application of Technology
Notes
Information Management
-The graduate analyzes the role of info management in the delivery of timely, high-quality, patient-
centered care-
Informatics and Information Science - IT
Information Science --- Informatics- Information systems
● Information Science are the roots to the tree of Informatics – with Information
systems and Information Technologies as branches.
● Information Systems vs. Information Science
● Information Science: Primarily focused on input, processing, output, and
feedback through technology integration.
■ Incorporates features from communication science, computer science,
social science, library science, and cognitive science.
■ Applies technology to make information usable.
■ Supports the collection and management of info.
■ This is the focus on how to gather, process and transform information into
knowledge. It also incorporates features from these five other sciences: communication
science, computer science, social science, library science, and cognitive science.
● Information Systems: Computer systems that use hardware and software to process
data into information in order to solve a problem.
○ Using the EHR to document care of a patient with a femur fx is an example of
using the EHR in which way? — Information System
○ Information systems are used to collect, create, and distribute useful data.
○ The development, use, and management of an organization's I.T.
infrastructure.
○ An umbrella term for sub-categories such as: clinical information systems,
core business systems, case management system, and communication systems.
● Life cycle of Information Systems (Know what happens in each phase)
○ Needs Assessment Phase:
■ *determine needs and wants in an information system*, gap analysis
■ Investigating current deficits and needs of the organization IS NOT a role in
they system implementation phase. It is a role in the Needs Assessment phase.
○ System Selection Phase: The organization seeks out a vendor company that
provides a system that best fits the needs. There are three documents that are used:
■ 1) Request for information document: (RFI) Initial contact with the vendor.
Get essential information about the *company’s history* (How many other organizations
have used them?)
,3
■ 2) Request for Proposal document: (RFP) Organization prioritizes or rates
their needs and wants. Sends the outline to the vendor and asks if they can meet this
need.
■ 3)Request for Quote document: (RFQ) Pricing, finances, and contract terms.
■ It’s not important that selection committee board members understand software
and electronic processes. *They aren’t the end users who need to be trained* in the system.
They just have to have a general understanding of it.
○ System Implementation Phase:
■ Go live planning→ Train staff (including end users)→ Analyst starts building
screens and templates according to organization and its policies→ Apply any changes specific to
that organization→ Go live.
■ Presenting the system design to management is not the responsibility of
the project implementation team.
● Maintenance Phase: Problem solving, any debugging, files backed up routinely and
install any system upgrades, make sure it’s working as intended.
○ It is a continuous cycle.
○ System Evaluation IS NOT a phase of the information system life cycle.
● Informatics vs. Information Technology
○ Informatics: A combination of nursing science, computer science, and
information science.
■ Specific information technologies that support nursing practice.
■ It is the science and art of turning data into information.
○ Information Technologies: A general term used to refer to the
management and processing of information with the assistance of computers, ex →
EHR, barcode medication administration… (Uses computers to transmit data.)
■ CPOE, barcode medication administration and clinical decision support are
all examples of Information Technologies.
○ Commonalities: Both aid in clinical decision making and are a major
resource for many organizations.
● Discuss the relationship between the terms:
○ Data: A collection of numbers, characters, or facts that are gathered
according to some perceived need for analysis and possibly action at a later point in time.
■ A patient's height, weight, code status, and date of birth are all examples of
data. Once data is analyzed and interpreted, it then becomes information.
○ Information: Data that have been interpreted.
, 4
○ Knowledge: The synthesis of information derived from several sources to
produce a single concept or idea. It is based on a logical process of analysis and
provides order to thoughts and ideas and decreases uncertainty.
■ The Foundation of Knowledge Model: This is the basis for which knowledge
is used to meet the needs of the healthcare delivery system. It is derived from its three
key elements of:
● knowledge acquisition
● knowledge processing
● knowledge dissemination.
○ Wisdom: Occurs when knowledge is used appropriately to manage and solve
problems.
Relate the concept of information literacy to nursing informatics?
○ Information literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed as
well as the skills to find, evaluate, and use needed information effectively.
● Nursing and Informatics
○ Nursing Informatics: The use of technology and information to help support all aspects
of nursing practice.
○ Includes direct delivery of care, administration, education, and research.
● Recognize the role of nurses as knowledge workers:
○ A knowledge worker is a: specialist in their field.
■ They have advanced formal education.
■ They can apply theoretical and analytical knowledge.
● .
■ continuous learner, use technology to support and inform nursing practice, and
generate knowledge as a product.
● Explain the relationship of information science, computer science, and nursing
science within the context of nursing practice:
○ These are the core sciences of nursing informatics/they are combined
to make up nursing informatics.
● New technologies are continuously impacting the practice of nursing. Nursing
informatics will continue to evolve with changes in the profession, the healthcare
delivery system, and informatics in general.
● Know the different levels and expectations:
○ Novice/Beginning nurse: These Rns are more task based, but transition to
knowledge based as they gain experience.
■ They possess basic computer skills and can use information systems to
manage pts.
■ They can access data and charts electronically and can support pt safety
initiatives using
I.T.
