NR 224 Exam 1 Study Guide A+ Guides Latest .

NR 224 Exam 1 Study Guide Critical Thinking & the Nursing Process Ch. 15-20 • Critical thinking o What is it? o Critical Thinking Model ▪ What does each step mean and what is included in each step • HIPAA • Nursing Process o 5 phases (ADPIE) ▪ What does each step mean and what is included within EACH step. (Think of examples.) • Data collection & types of data • 7 guidelines for writing goals • Discontinuing a plan of care • Subjective vs objective data • How to avoid assessment errors • When to revise plan of care • Changes in plan of care at discharge • Critical thinking model vs nursing process…what are the similarities and differences? • Delegation Infection Control Ch. 28 • Preventing spread of infection • Proper hand hygiene • Equipment use • Infectious Process (four stages) • What are they and what happens in each ▪ Incubation period: in-between pathogen invasion of the body and appearance of symptoms. ▪ Prodromal Stage: Person is most infectious. Time from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms to more specific symptoms. ▪ Illness Stage: s/s present. ▪ Convalescence: when you feel better, • How do we decrease the risk of infection ▪ i.e. high protein diet, keeping wound clean • Chain of infection (6 links) • What are they and what happens if it stays linked or is broken? ▪ Infectious agent, reservoir (food, o2, water, (temp, pH (alkaline), light). Port of exit. ▪ If you wash your hands, the chain could be broken. • Localized inflammatory response (signs and symptoms) vs systemic response (signs and symptoms) • Localized: pain, tenderness, redness. • Systematic: entire body is affected, fever, chills, N, V, D. • HAI-What is it? Health Acquired Infection. • How can a person get it? (think critically) • Iatrogenic – from procedure • Exogenous – from microorganisms from outside the body (salmonella