INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 1 STUDY GUIDE 1 |CHAPTER 1-8| 100% VERRIFIED

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY UNIT 1 STUDY GUIDE 1 |CHAPTER 1-8| 100% VERRIFIED CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Objective 1.1 Define psychology: The study of behavior and mental process. Key Terms Psychology: The science that studies behavior and the psychological and cognitive processes that underlie it, and the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems. Exercises 1. Put a check mark by each statement that is true regarding psychology. X Psychologists study human behavior. X Psychologists study animal behavior. X Psychologists study emotions and mental processes. Psychology and "common sense" lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental processes. Psychology is not a science. Objective 1.2 Define the scientific method, and explain how it is used in psychology. Key Terms Scientific Method: The orderly systematic procedure that researchers follow as they identify a research problem, design a study, to investigate the problem, collect and analyze data, draw conclusions, and communicate their findings. Step 1: Observe &Theorize • A theory is an explanation that organizes separate pieces of information in a coherent way. Researchers generally develop a theory only after they have collected a lot of evidence and made sure their research results can be reproduced by others. Step 2: Formulate a Hypothesis • A hypothesis is a testable prediction of what will happen given a certain set of conditions. Psychologists test a hypothesis by using a specific research method, such as naturalistic observation, a case study, a survey, or an experiment. Step 3: Design a Study Step 4: Collect Data Step 5: Apply Results to the Hypothesis • Research is replicable when others can repeat it and get the same results. When psychologists report what they have found through their research, they also describe in detail how they made their discoveries. This way, other psychologists can repeat the research to see if they can replicate the findings. Exercises 1. What is the main purpose of the scientific method? The scientific method is a standardized way of making observations, gathering data, forming theories, testing predictions, and interpreting results. Researchers make observations to describe and measure behavior.