CALT Exam (with solutions)

Adolph Kussmaul (1877) correct answers "word blindness" Dr. Rudolph Berlin (1887) correct answers Came up with the word "Dyslexia' James Hinschelwood (1897) correct answers reported cases of "congenital wordblindness", called on schools to screen and treat it Dr. W. Pringle Morgan (1896) correct answers Wrote 1st medical journal on word blindness Grace Fernald (1920s) correct answers Developed the VAKT Method (Fernald Method) Samuel T. Orton (1925) correct answers Neurologist, associated dyslexia as a "language disorder", Coined the term "strephosymbolia" (twisted symbols) Anna Gillingham (1930s) correct answers Developed multisensory teaching with Orton, Trained 50 teachers with Sally Childs Aylett Cox correct answers Developed Alphabetic Phonics at Scottish Rite Hospital, Worked with Sally Childs Drs. Sally and Bennett Shaywitz correct answers Watched the brain read using fMRI, Tracked the prevalence of Dyslexia and whether is was a developmental lag vs. persists over time Chomsky correct answers Said children are pre-wired to learn oral language but reading and writing are acquired Isabelle Liberman correct answers Phonological Processes NIH Prior to 1980 dyslexia definition correct answers Exclusionary- when you couldn't figure out the problem it must be dyslexia Dyslexia Definition correct answers Deficit of phonological component of language IQ discrepancy correct answers Research shows this to be an invalid model (IQ decided based on a reading test, unfair for children with dyslexia) Specific Learning Disability correct answers Disorder with language, may make it difficult to thing, listen, speak, read, write, do math, etc. ADD/ADHD Historically correct answers minimal brain dysfunction ADD/ADHD Comorbity correct answers 30-50% Twin Studies correct answers Concordance rate 70% in identical pairs, 48% in fraternal