CSCC Nursing: Pharmacology 1140
1. Which adverse effect may be observed after administration of tiotropium
bromide in a patient with bronchospasms associated with chronic obstruc-
tive pulmonary disease (COPD)?: Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) can cause
tachy- cardia as an adverse effect. Abdominal cramps and nausea are
an adverse effect of roflumilast (Daliresp). Dyspepsia and nausea is an
adverse effect of montelukast (Singulair).
2. Which statement is true regarding the anatomy of the lower respiratory
tract?: Human lungs contain 300 to 500 million alveolar sacs and have
a surface area approximately equal to that of a tennis court.
Diaphragmatic and intercostal muscles contract during inspiration and
relax during expiration. Ventilation and per- fusion must be equal to
maintain homeostasis. Blood flow through the pulmonary arteries to
the capillaries surrounding the alveoli to the pulmonary veins is called
perfusion.
3. Which is the adult dosage of flunisolide (Aerospan)?: The adult dosage
of flunisolide (Aerospan) is 320 mcg twice daily. The adult dosage of
ciclesonide (Alvesco) is between 80 and 160 mcg twice daily. The adult
dosage of fluticasone (Flovent HFA) ranges from 88 to 440 mcg twice
daily. The powder inhalation dosage of fluticasone (Flovent HFA) for
adults ranges from 100 to 500 mcg twice daily.
4. Which immunomodulator is used to treat patients with asthma exacer-
bations caused by airborne allergens?: Omalizumab is an
1/
, immunomodulator used to treat patients with asthma exacerbations.
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used to reduce the frequency of
episodes of allergic rhinitis, bronchospasm, and asthmatic attacks.
Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor used to manage
symptoms of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat acute exacerbations of
asthma or COPD.
5. Which drug should be avoided in patients with chronic obstructive pul-
monary disease (COPD)?: Codeine (Cotabflu) should not be prescribed
to pa- tients with COPD because the drug causes respiratory
depression and may wors- en the disease. Prednisone (Deltasone) is a
corticosteroid used to treat acute exac- erbations of asthma or COPD.
Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus) is a beta-adrenergic bronchodilating
agent used to treat both asthma and COPD. Dextromethorphan
(Robitussin) is a cough suppressant and does not cause respiratory
depression.
6. Which antitussive has a combination of antihistamine and antitussive
properties?: Diphenhydramine combines antihistamine and antitussive
proper- ties that will decrease the frequency of a cough. Guaifenesin is
an expectorant and will increase the productivity of a cough. Codeine
is a cough suppressant and the standard against which other
antitussive agents are compared; it does not contain
2/
1. Which adverse effect may be observed after administration of tiotropium
bromide in a patient with bronchospasms associated with chronic obstruc-
tive pulmonary disease (COPD)?: Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) can cause
tachy- cardia as an adverse effect. Abdominal cramps and nausea are
an adverse effect of roflumilast (Daliresp). Dyspepsia and nausea is an
adverse effect of montelukast (Singulair).
2. Which statement is true regarding the anatomy of the lower respiratory
tract?: Human lungs contain 300 to 500 million alveolar sacs and have
a surface area approximately equal to that of a tennis court.
Diaphragmatic and intercostal muscles contract during inspiration and
relax during expiration. Ventilation and per- fusion must be equal to
maintain homeostasis. Blood flow through the pulmonary arteries to
the capillaries surrounding the alveoli to the pulmonary veins is called
perfusion.
3. Which is the adult dosage of flunisolide (Aerospan)?: The adult dosage
of flunisolide (Aerospan) is 320 mcg twice daily. The adult dosage of
ciclesonide (Alvesco) is between 80 and 160 mcg twice daily. The adult
dosage of fluticasone (Flovent HFA) ranges from 88 to 440 mcg twice
daily. The powder inhalation dosage of fluticasone (Flovent HFA) for
adults ranges from 100 to 500 mcg twice daily.
4. Which immunomodulator is used to treat patients with asthma exacer-
bations caused by airborne allergens?: Omalizumab is an
1/
, immunomodulator used to treat patients with asthma exacerbations.
Cromolyn is a mast cell stabilizer used to reduce the frequency of
episodes of allergic rhinitis, bronchospasm, and asthmatic attacks.
Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor used to manage
symptoms of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat acute exacerbations of
asthma or COPD.
5. Which drug should be avoided in patients with chronic obstructive pul-
monary disease (COPD)?: Codeine (Cotabflu) should not be prescribed
to pa- tients with COPD because the drug causes respiratory
depression and may wors- en the disease. Prednisone (Deltasone) is a
corticosteroid used to treat acute exac- erbations of asthma or COPD.
Salmeterol (Serevent Diskus) is a beta-adrenergic bronchodilating
agent used to treat both asthma and COPD. Dextromethorphan
(Robitussin) is a cough suppressant and does not cause respiratory
depression.
6. Which antitussive has a combination of antihistamine and antitussive
properties?: Diphenhydramine combines antihistamine and antitussive
proper- ties that will decrease the frequency of a cough. Guaifenesin is
an expectorant and will increase the productivity of a cough. Codeine
is a cough suppressant and the standard against which other
antitussive agents are compared; it does not contain
2/
