ANCC Exam Prep - PMHNP

ANCC Exam Prep - PMHNP FH, family tree, pedigree, genogram Ans- Tools used in determining likelihood of genetic disorder in family, inheritance patterns, and risk of recurrence in family members U.S. Surgeon General's Family History Initiative Ans- Recommended that families know their family history Autosomal dominant conditions may be present in more than one generation and Ans- In up to 50% of offspring when one parent is affected (such as Marfan syndrome) Recessive conditions Ans- Appear only in one generation Affects individuals who have two copies of a faulty gene, one from each (unaffected) parent AnsRecessive conditions (ex: CF, hemochromatosis) X-linked disorders are caused by faulty genes on an Ans- X chromosome (fragile X syndrome, color blindness) Communication process used whenever there is a genetic risk and often involves offering a test that could provide info about the genetic status of the person/implications for the family Ans- Genetic counseling Primary role is to offer info and support to persons concerned a out an illness that may have a genetic basis Ans- Genetic Counselor There are a total of Ans- 46 chromosomes, in 23 pairs Chromosomes Ans- Structures of DNA DNA Ans- Made up of two twisted, paired strands Composed of sugars linked by 4 nucleopide bases specifying the amino acids that make proteins AnsDNA 4 nucleotide bases Ans- Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G) Adenine is always paired with Ans- Thymine Guanine is always paried with Ans- Cytosine Genes Ans- Direct the production of proteins Phenotype Ans- An observable characteristic of a specific trait and is connected to the generic contributions to that trait Gene therapy Ans- Replace a faulty copy of a gene with a healthy copy of the same gene Strong genetic contributions have been found for most psychiatric disorders Ans- With a range of 40% to 90% heritability for some disorders (such as ADHD, BD) Most disorders are Ans- Multifactorial, caused by both environmental and genetic factors; Single gene disorders are Ans- Rare Account for the differences in the way enzymes Ans- Metabolize drugs People of Asian descent are required by the FDA to have testing for the presence of HLA-B*1502 allele Ans- BEfore being prescribed the anticonvulsant carbamazepine due to risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN