WGU C107 Anatomy and Physiology I
Final Exam
What are the 2 main functions of the lymphatic system?
Pathogen defense; clearance of interstitial fluid
Which lymphatic organ is the site of maturation of T lymphocytes
Thymus
Itching can be directly caused by which of the following
Histamine
Movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels is directly affected by which of the
following?
Skeletal muscle contraction
Which lymphatic structure is most attuned to attacking inhaled bacteria?
Tonsils
All leukocytes originally derive from the _______________.
Red bone marrow
All leukocytes (white blood cells) come from the _________________.
Red bone marrow
Excess interstitial fluid is taken up by the __________________________.
Lymphatic capillaries
Which of the following represents the correct pathway of lymph?
Lymphatic capillaries, lymph nodes, lymphatic duct, subclavian vein
Pathogens in the blood can be detected by immune cells in the __________________.
Spleen
Which structures have walls that are only one cell thick and are part of the respiratory
membrane across which gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
Structures in the upper respiratory tract serve to add moisture and remove bacteria from
inhaled air.
True
Which respiratory structure would NOT come into contact with air breathed in through
the mouth?
Nasopharyx
Which respiratory structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Epiglottis
The process of moving air from the atmosphere to the alveoli and back out again is
called
Ventilation
The vocal folds are located in which respiratory structure?
Larynx
The primary function of the ______________________ is to warm and moisten air.
Nasal conchae
,What is the correct pathway of air during exhalation?
Alveoli, bronchi, trachea, larynx
Which division of the pharynx is part of the respiratory and digestive systems?
Laryngopharynx
Blood vessels and mucus glands are found in which layer of the trachea?
Submucosa
During ______________________, there is an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the lungs and the blood.
External respiration
During __________________, there is an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the blood and the cells.
Internal respiration
Which of the following vessel type surrounds the alveoli?
Capillaries
Newly oxygenated blood returns to the heart through which vessels?
Pulmonary veins
Fertilization typically occurs in the _________________.
Fallopian tube
The lowest section of the uterus, which expands to expel a baby, is called the
_____________.
Cervix
In a healthy pregnancy, a fertilized egg travels down the ________________ and
implants in the ___________________.
Fallopian tube, uterus
What is the correct path of sperm from the site of spermatogenesis to ejaculation?
Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
The majority of semen volume consists of _____________________.
Secretions from the seminal vesicles
Sperm are made and stored in the testes until they are ejaculated
False (stored in the epididymis)
Spermatogenesis is arrested until puberty because levels of which hormone are too
low?
FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
Ovulation is directly triggered by which of the following hormones?
LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
Progesterone is secreted by the ________________ and
_____________________________.
Corpus luteum, stimulates endometrial thickening
Oocytes form in the _______________.
Ovaries
The widening of a female’s hips at puberty is directly caused by which of the following?
Higher levels of estrogen
Which of the following hormones directly promotes the maturation of a follicle in the
ovary?
FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
Estrogen is made and secreted by the _________________.
, Corpus luteum
_______________________ provide nutrients to developing sperm cells.
Sertoli cells
What would be expected to occur following a drop in progesterone levels in a young
woman?
She would menstruate
The layer of the uterus that functions to expel the baby during childbirth is the
Myometrium
Which neurotransmitter is released into the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle?
Acetylcholine
The part of the muscle cell that contains neurotransmitter receptors is the
______________.
Motor end plate
Calcium is released from which muscle cell structure following an electrical impulse
from a motor neuron?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the transverse tubules?
To allow an action potential to spread to the inside of the muscle cell of the muscle cell
Which structure conducts action potentials into the interior of a muscle cell?
T-tubules
Bones connect to other bones using
Ligaments
Which structure receives the neurotransmitter in the postsynaptic cell?
Motor end plate
Which substance plays a regulatory role in muscle contraction, only allowing contraction
when calcium levels are high?
Tropomyosin
Which muscle is the antagonist of the gastrocnemius?
Tibialis anterior
What movement is produced by the contraction of the rectus femoris?
Extension of the knee
Which muscle type is found in our digestive organs?
Smooth
Where do contractions occur in a muscle cell?
Sarcomere
Muscles can indirectly attach to other muscles through
Aponeurosis
Which structure releases acetylcholine?
Synaptic knob
What substance binds to actin to produce a contraction?
Myosin
Which muscle is the antagonist of the deltoid?
Pectoralis major
What movement is produced by contraction of the biceps femoris?
Flexion of the knee
Which type of muscle is the gluteus maximus?
Final Exam
What are the 2 main functions of the lymphatic system?
Pathogen defense; clearance of interstitial fluid
Which lymphatic organ is the site of maturation of T lymphocytes
Thymus
Itching can be directly caused by which of the following
Histamine
Movement of lymph through lymphatic vessels is directly affected by which of the
following?
Skeletal muscle contraction
Which lymphatic structure is most attuned to attacking inhaled bacteria?
Tonsils
All leukocytes originally derive from the _______________.
Red bone marrow
All leukocytes (white blood cells) come from the _________________.
Red bone marrow
Excess interstitial fluid is taken up by the __________________________.
Lymphatic capillaries
Which of the following represents the correct pathway of lymph?
Lymphatic capillaries, lymph nodes, lymphatic duct, subclavian vein
Pathogens in the blood can be detected by immune cells in the __________________.
Spleen
Which structures have walls that are only one cell thick and are part of the respiratory
membrane across which gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
Structures in the upper respiratory tract serve to add moisture and remove bacteria from
inhaled air.
True
Which respiratory structure would NOT come into contact with air breathed in through
the mouth?
Nasopharyx
Which respiratory structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Epiglottis
The process of moving air from the atmosphere to the alveoli and back out again is
called
Ventilation
The vocal folds are located in which respiratory structure?
Larynx
The primary function of the ______________________ is to warm and moisten air.
Nasal conchae
,What is the correct pathway of air during exhalation?
Alveoli, bronchi, trachea, larynx
Which division of the pharynx is part of the respiratory and digestive systems?
Laryngopharynx
Blood vessels and mucus glands are found in which layer of the trachea?
Submucosa
During ______________________, there is an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the lungs and the blood.
External respiration
During __________________, there is an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the blood and the cells.
Internal respiration
Which of the following vessel type surrounds the alveoli?
Capillaries
Newly oxygenated blood returns to the heart through which vessels?
Pulmonary veins
Fertilization typically occurs in the _________________.
Fallopian tube
The lowest section of the uterus, which expands to expel a baby, is called the
_____________.
Cervix
In a healthy pregnancy, a fertilized egg travels down the ________________ and
implants in the ___________________.
Fallopian tube, uterus
What is the correct path of sperm from the site of spermatogenesis to ejaculation?
Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
The majority of semen volume consists of _____________________.
Secretions from the seminal vesicles
Sperm are made and stored in the testes until they are ejaculated
False (stored in the epididymis)
Spermatogenesis is arrested until puberty because levels of which hormone are too
low?
FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
Ovulation is directly triggered by which of the following hormones?
LH (Luteinizing Hormone)
Progesterone is secreted by the ________________ and
_____________________________.
Corpus luteum, stimulates endometrial thickening
Oocytes form in the _______________.
Ovaries
The widening of a female’s hips at puberty is directly caused by which of the following?
Higher levels of estrogen
Which of the following hormones directly promotes the maturation of a follicle in the
ovary?
FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)
Estrogen is made and secreted by the _________________.
, Corpus luteum
_______________________ provide nutrients to developing sperm cells.
Sertoli cells
What would be expected to occur following a drop in progesterone levels in a young
woman?
She would menstruate
The layer of the uterus that functions to expel the baby during childbirth is the
Myometrium
Which neurotransmitter is released into the neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle?
Acetylcholine
The part of the muscle cell that contains neurotransmitter receptors is the
______________.
Motor end plate
Calcium is released from which muscle cell structure following an electrical impulse
from a motor neuron?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the function of the transverse tubules?
To allow an action potential to spread to the inside of the muscle cell of the muscle cell
Which structure conducts action potentials into the interior of a muscle cell?
T-tubules
Bones connect to other bones using
Ligaments
Which structure receives the neurotransmitter in the postsynaptic cell?
Motor end plate
Which substance plays a regulatory role in muscle contraction, only allowing contraction
when calcium levels are high?
Tropomyosin
Which muscle is the antagonist of the gastrocnemius?
Tibialis anterior
What movement is produced by the contraction of the rectus femoris?
Extension of the knee
Which muscle type is found in our digestive organs?
Smooth
Where do contractions occur in a muscle cell?
Sarcomere
Muscles can indirectly attach to other muscles through
Aponeurosis
Which structure releases acetylcholine?
Synaptic knob
What substance binds to actin to produce a contraction?
Myosin
Which muscle is the antagonist of the deltoid?
Pectoralis major
What movement is produced by contraction of the biceps femoris?
Flexion of the knee
Which type of muscle is the gluteus maximus?
