BSNC 1020 MODULE 1-5 FINAL EXAM 2023 WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Professionalism
Behaviours, skills, and attributes required or expected of members of a profession.
- Conduct, aims or qualities that characterize or make up a profession or professional.
-Requires specialized knowledge, accountability, autonomy, inquiry, collegiality,
collaboration, innovation & ethics and values
How do nurses display professionalism?
Provide quality care to patients thru:
- Commitment to profession led regulation
- Professional ethics
- Personal health & fitness to practice
- Legal & ethical dimensions to nursing
What year did nursing start in Canada?
1639 - Hotel Dieu Quebec
Florence Nightingale
- founder of modern nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods
What did Florence Nightingale do?
- Insisted on better hygiene in field hospitals and founded the first school of nursing
- Crimean war: reduced mortality from 42-2.2%.Hand-washing/nature working on
patient's body was her mainstay. First health statistician (collected & analyzed health
data).
- improved standards of nursing care in the mid-nineteenth century
- known for reducing mortality during the Crimean war through improved sanitation
measures
- triggered a shift in public attitudes towards the acceptability of women doing nursing
outside of the home
Florence Nightingale and Crimean War
- She went to the war and helped turn the mortality rate around.
1854, she and 38 nurses entered the battlefield near Scutari, Turkey and cared for the
sick and injured. They had few supplies and little outside help. She insisted on
establishing sanitary conditions and providing quality nursing care. This immediately
reduced the mortality rate. Her dedicated service both during the day and night when
she and her nurses made rounds carrying oil lamps created a public image if the lady
with the lamp.
Nightingale Fund
- established by the English government to promote nurse's training in England
- used to establish the first Nightingale school of Nursing, at St Thomas' Hospital in
London
Nightingale System of Education (Nightingale Model)
- 1860: Nightingale created a financially independent school of nursing associated with
St. Thomas' Hospital in London, England.
- Became standard of nursing education in England and worldwide for next century.
-This was a hospital-based model overseen by a trained superintendent, trained staff
,members acting as instructors, and a cadre of nursing students who provided the bulk
of the care
What was the results of Nightingale's success in the public attitudes?
- This triggered a remarkable shift in public attitudes toward the acceptability of women
during nursing work outside the home. Nursing became an instrument of women's
emancipation against the prevailing middle-class restrictions on women working outside
the home.
What advocate role did Nightingale take on?
- the health of people
- health care reform
- education preparation for nursing
- She became an advocate for the health of people, healthcare reform, and educational
preparation for nursing through voluminous writings and lobbying of members of
parliament to act on these views. These views were from health data that she collected
and analyzed.
-She responded viscerally to situations that frustrated and angered her including the
lack of active role for women in Victorian society and the lack of social action by
religious men and women in general.
Nightingale Model of Nursing Education
- Hospital based.
- Overseen by trained superintendent.
- Trained staff members who also acted as instructors.
- Many student nurses who performed bulk of nursing care.
- Nightingale model missing from new nursing schools because they had no financing
- Nursing students had to provide care for hospitals in return for education & living
expenses
- Result: Hospitals able to provide nursing care for minimal cost
Sister of Charity of Montreal
-1738
-Grey Nuns
- Formed by Marguerite D'Youville
-Basically the birth of home nursing
-Pledged their lives to helping the poor and the sick (home visits)
-Establish hospitals across Canada, making separate wings and establish a health
system.
- cared for both the poor and the wealthy
What were the financial advantages of a hospital with a school of nursing?
This gave the institutions a competitive edge relative to others to which paying patients
may turn for care. A training school provided security against incurring a financial loss if
the number of paying patients dropped at any point. Training schools attached to a
hospital also ensured a higher standard of care than one without a school.
Where was the first hospital diploma school in Canada?
, -First Hospital Diploma School
This was at the St. Catherines Training School that opened in 1874 at the St.
Catharines General and Marine Hospital.
What were the admissions for the first diploma school for nurses and what did they
teach?
-Plain English education, good character and Christian motives.
-Learned about sanitary, science, physiology, anatomy, and hygiene.
-Taught to observe the patient for changes in temperature, skin condition, pulse,
respirations, and functions of orgrans
University of British Columbia
- first Canadian undergraduate nursing degree program
- non-integrated (university did not control learning that took place in hospitals)
- apprenticeship-style training
First Canadian Undergraduate Nursing Degree
1919: UBC
Alberta Task Force on Nursing Education
- 1975
- recommended that all new graduates be prepared at the baccalaureate level before
entering professional practice
-First entry to practice
Baccalaureate as entry-to-practice (BETP)
- 1982
- CNA approved a resolution to have it by the year 2000
- said that all new graduates in nursing must be qualified at the baccalaureate level
when they enter the professional practice of nursing
- implemented throughout Canada from 2000-2010
1881-1894
- 1881: The school for nurses at the Toronto General Hospital was established
- 1884: Mary Agnes Snively was appointed superintendent of the school for nurses at
the Toronto General Hospital
- 1896: Mary Agnes Snively introduced a 3 year course at Toronto General Hospital with
84 hours of practical nursing and 119 hours of instruction by the medical staff
- 1887: The Winnipeg General Hospital initiated the first training school for Nurses in
Western Canada. 134 of its graduates served as nurses in WWI
-1890: By this point hospitals in Montreal, Fredricton, Saint John, Halifax, and
Charlottetown had opened schools of nursing
-1891: Vancouver General Hospital began a school of nursing
-1894: Medicine Hat opened a school of nursing
Timeline of Nursing Education:
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Professionalism
Behaviours, skills, and attributes required or expected of members of a profession.
- Conduct, aims or qualities that characterize or make up a profession or professional.
-Requires specialized knowledge, accountability, autonomy, inquiry, collegiality,
collaboration, innovation & ethics and values
How do nurses display professionalism?
Provide quality care to patients thru:
- Commitment to profession led regulation
- Professional ethics
- Personal health & fitness to practice
- Legal & ethical dimensions to nursing
What year did nursing start in Canada?
1639 - Hotel Dieu Quebec
Florence Nightingale
- founder of modern nursing and a reformer of hospital sanitation methods
What did Florence Nightingale do?
- Insisted on better hygiene in field hospitals and founded the first school of nursing
- Crimean war: reduced mortality from 42-2.2%.Hand-washing/nature working on
patient's body was her mainstay. First health statistician (collected & analyzed health
data).
- improved standards of nursing care in the mid-nineteenth century
- known for reducing mortality during the Crimean war through improved sanitation
measures
- triggered a shift in public attitudes towards the acceptability of women doing nursing
outside of the home
Florence Nightingale and Crimean War
- She went to the war and helped turn the mortality rate around.
1854, she and 38 nurses entered the battlefield near Scutari, Turkey and cared for the
sick and injured. They had few supplies and little outside help. She insisted on
establishing sanitary conditions and providing quality nursing care. This immediately
reduced the mortality rate. Her dedicated service both during the day and night when
she and her nurses made rounds carrying oil lamps created a public image if the lady
with the lamp.
Nightingale Fund
- established by the English government to promote nurse's training in England
- used to establish the first Nightingale school of Nursing, at St Thomas' Hospital in
London
Nightingale System of Education (Nightingale Model)
- 1860: Nightingale created a financially independent school of nursing associated with
St. Thomas' Hospital in London, England.
- Became standard of nursing education in England and worldwide for next century.
-This was a hospital-based model overseen by a trained superintendent, trained staff
,members acting as instructors, and a cadre of nursing students who provided the bulk
of the care
What was the results of Nightingale's success in the public attitudes?
- This triggered a remarkable shift in public attitudes toward the acceptability of women
during nursing work outside the home. Nursing became an instrument of women's
emancipation against the prevailing middle-class restrictions on women working outside
the home.
What advocate role did Nightingale take on?
- the health of people
- health care reform
- education preparation for nursing
- She became an advocate for the health of people, healthcare reform, and educational
preparation for nursing through voluminous writings and lobbying of members of
parliament to act on these views. These views were from health data that she collected
and analyzed.
-She responded viscerally to situations that frustrated and angered her including the
lack of active role for women in Victorian society and the lack of social action by
religious men and women in general.
Nightingale Model of Nursing Education
- Hospital based.
- Overseen by trained superintendent.
- Trained staff members who also acted as instructors.
- Many student nurses who performed bulk of nursing care.
- Nightingale model missing from new nursing schools because they had no financing
- Nursing students had to provide care for hospitals in return for education & living
expenses
- Result: Hospitals able to provide nursing care for minimal cost
Sister of Charity of Montreal
-1738
-Grey Nuns
- Formed by Marguerite D'Youville
-Basically the birth of home nursing
-Pledged their lives to helping the poor and the sick (home visits)
-Establish hospitals across Canada, making separate wings and establish a health
system.
- cared for both the poor and the wealthy
What were the financial advantages of a hospital with a school of nursing?
This gave the institutions a competitive edge relative to others to which paying patients
may turn for care. A training school provided security against incurring a financial loss if
the number of paying patients dropped at any point. Training schools attached to a
hospital also ensured a higher standard of care than one without a school.
Where was the first hospital diploma school in Canada?
, -First Hospital Diploma School
This was at the St. Catherines Training School that opened in 1874 at the St.
Catharines General and Marine Hospital.
What were the admissions for the first diploma school for nurses and what did they
teach?
-Plain English education, good character and Christian motives.
-Learned about sanitary, science, physiology, anatomy, and hygiene.
-Taught to observe the patient for changes in temperature, skin condition, pulse,
respirations, and functions of orgrans
University of British Columbia
- first Canadian undergraduate nursing degree program
- non-integrated (university did not control learning that took place in hospitals)
- apprenticeship-style training
First Canadian Undergraduate Nursing Degree
1919: UBC
Alberta Task Force on Nursing Education
- 1975
- recommended that all new graduates be prepared at the baccalaureate level before
entering professional practice
-First entry to practice
Baccalaureate as entry-to-practice (BETP)
- 1982
- CNA approved a resolution to have it by the year 2000
- said that all new graduates in nursing must be qualified at the baccalaureate level
when they enter the professional practice of nursing
- implemented throughout Canada from 2000-2010
1881-1894
- 1881: The school for nurses at the Toronto General Hospital was established
- 1884: Mary Agnes Snively was appointed superintendent of the school for nurses at
the Toronto General Hospital
- 1896: Mary Agnes Snively introduced a 3 year course at Toronto General Hospital with
84 hours of practical nursing and 119 hours of instruction by the medical staff
- 1887: The Winnipeg General Hospital initiated the first training school for Nurses in
Western Canada. 134 of its graduates served as nurses in WWI
-1890: By this point hospitals in Montreal, Fredricton, Saint John, Halifax, and
Charlottetown had opened schools of nursing
-1891: Vancouver General Hospital began a school of nursing
-1894: Medicine Hat opened a school of nursing
Timeline of Nursing Education:
