SAMENVATTING COGNITIE
Week 5 dementie
Week 7 Autisme
Spectrum
Stoornis (ASS)
Eva Degen (651983)
HOGE SCHOOL VAN ARNHEM EN NIJMEGEN
,Inhoud
Hersenen................................................................................................................................................4
Hogere cerebrale functies......................................................................................................................4
Functie 1: bewustzijn..........................................................................................................................4
Functie 2: oriëntatie...........................................................................................................................5
Functie 3: aandacht en concentratie..................................................................................................5
Functie 4: oordeels- en kritiekvermogen............................................................................................5
Functie 5: de taal................................................................................................................................6
Functie 6: het handelen......................................................................................................................6
Functie 7: waarneming.......................................................................................................................6
Functie 8: lichaamsbeleving................................................................................................................7
Functie 9: geheugen en inprenting.....................................................................................................7
Het dementiesyndroom.........................................................................................................................7
Klachten..............................................................................................................................................7
4 fasen dementie................................................................................................................................7
Cognitieve stoornissen...........................................................................................................................8
Delier......................................................................................................................................................9
Verschijnselen....................................................................................................................................9
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................9
Risicofactoren.....................................................................................................................................9
Pathofysiologie.................................................................................................................................10
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................10
Verschil delier en dementie..............................................................................................................10
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................10
Uitgebreide en beperkte neurocognitieve stoornis..............................................................................11
Cognitieve domeinen........................................................................................................................11
Etiologie............................................................................................................................................11
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................11
Ziekte van Alzheimer............................................................................................................................12
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................12
Pathogenese (ziekteoorzaak)............................................................................................................12
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................13
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................13
Frototemporale neurocognitieve stoornis............................................................................................14
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................14
1
, Etiologie............................................................................................................................................14
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................15
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................15
Neurocognitieve stoornis met lewylichaampjes...................................................................................15
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................15
Etiologie............................................................................................................................................16
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................16
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................16
Vasculaire neurocognitieve stoornis.....................................................................................................16
Beloop..............................................................................................................................................16
Criteria voor vasculaire neurocognitieve stoornis............................................................................17
Onderliggend ziekteproces...............................................................................................................17
Risicofactoren...................................................................................................................................17
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................17
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................17
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................17
Benaderingswijzen dementie...............................................................................................................18
1e dementie fase “de bedreigde ik”.................................................................................................18
2e dementie fase “de verdwaalde ik”...............................................................................................18
3e en 4e fases “de verborgen ik” en “de verzonken ik”....................................................................18
Autismespectrumstoornis (ASS)...........................................................................................................18
Autistische kenmerken volgens DSM-5............................................................................................19
Subtypen..........................................................................................................................................20
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................20
Oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................20
Prognose...........................................................................................................................................21
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................21
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................22
Behandelvormen met een kleinere rol voor verpleegkundigen.......................................................23
Begeleiding.......................................................................................................................................23
Aandachtspunten voor de hulpverlener...........................................................................................23
Verklaringen voor autismespectrumstoornissen..................................................................................24
Theory of Mind (mentaliseren).........................................................................................................24
Centrale coherentie..........................................................................................................................24
Executieve functies...........................................................................................................................24
Belangrijke thema’s bij autismespectrumstoornissen..........................................................................24
2
Week 5 dementie
Week 7 Autisme
Spectrum
Stoornis (ASS)
Eva Degen (651983)
HOGE SCHOOL VAN ARNHEM EN NIJMEGEN
,Inhoud
Hersenen................................................................................................................................................4
Hogere cerebrale functies......................................................................................................................4
Functie 1: bewustzijn..........................................................................................................................4
Functie 2: oriëntatie...........................................................................................................................5
Functie 3: aandacht en concentratie..................................................................................................5
Functie 4: oordeels- en kritiekvermogen............................................................................................5
Functie 5: de taal................................................................................................................................6
Functie 6: het handelen......................................................................................................................6
Functie 7: waarneming.......................................................................................................................6
Functie 8: lichaamsbeleving................................................................................................................7
Functie 9: geheugen en inprenting.....................................................................................................7
Het dementiesyndroom.........................................................................................................................7
Klachten..............................................................................................................................................7
4 fasen dementie................................................................................................................................7
Cognitieve stoornissen...........................................................................................................................8
Delier......................................................................................................................................................9
Verschijnselen....................................................................................................................................9
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................9
Risicofactoren.....................................................................................................................................9
Pathofysiologie.................................................................................................................................10
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................10
Verschil delier en dementie..............................................................................................................10
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................10
Uitgebreide en beperkte neurocognitieve stoornis..............................................................................11
Cognitieve domeinen........................................................................................................................11
Etiologie............................................................................................................................................11
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................11
Ziekte van Alzheimer............................................................................................................................12
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................12
Pathogenese (ziekteoorzaak)............................................................................................................12
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................13
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................13
Frototemporale neurocognitieve stoornis............................................................................................14
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................14
1
, Etiologie............................................................................................................................................14
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................15
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................15
Neurocognitieve stoornis met lewylichaampjes...................................................................................15
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................15
Etiologie............................................................................................................................................16
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................16
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................16
Vasculaire neurocognitieve stoornis.....................................................................................................16
Beloop..............................................................................................................................................16
Criteria voor vasculaire neurocognitieve stoornis............................................................................17
Onderliggend ziekteproces...............................................................................................................17
Risicofactoren...................................................................................................................................17
Symptomen......................................................................................................................................17
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................17
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................17
Benaderingswijzen dementie...............................................................................................................18
1e dementie fase “de bedreigde ik”.................................................................................................18
2e dementie fase “de verdwaalde ik”...............................................................................................18
3e en 4e fases “de verborgen ik” en “de verzonken ik”....................................................................18
Autismespectrumstoornis (ASS)...........................................................................................................18
Autistische kenmerken volgens DSM-5............................................................................................19
Subtypen..........................................................................................................................................20
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................20
Oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................20
Prognose...........................................................................................................................................21
Diagnostiek.......................................................................................................................................21
Behandeling......................................................................................................................................22
Behandelvormen met een kleinere rol voor verpleegkundigen.......................................................23
Begeleiding.......................................................................................................................................23
Aandachtspunten voor de hulpverlener...........................................................................................23
Verklaringen voor autismespectrumstoornissen..................................................................................24
Theory of Mind (mentaliseren).........................................................................................................24
Centrale coherentie..........................................................................................................................24
Executieve functies...........................................................................................................................24
Belangrijke thema’s bij autismespectrumstoornissen..........................................................................24
2
